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Tertiary Origin and Pleistocene Diversification of Dragon Blood Tree (Dracaena cambodiana-Asparagaceae) Populations in the Asian Tropical Forests

Title:

Tertiary Origin and Pleistocene Diversification of Dragon Blood Tree (Dracaena cambodiana-Asparagaceae) Populations in the Asian Tropical Forests

Vendramin, Giovanni G., Zhao, Jian-Li, Zhang, Lu, Dayanandan, Selvadurai, Nagaraju, Shivaprakash, Liu, Dong-Mei and Li, Qiao-Ming (2013) Tertiary Origin and Pleistocene Diversification of Dragon Blood Tree (Dracaena cambodiana-Asparagaceae) Populations in the Asian Tropical Forests. PLoS ONE, 8 (4). e60102. ISSN 1932-6203

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0060102

Abstract

Background: The origin of extraordinarily rich biodiversity in tropical forests is often attributed to evolution under stable climatic conditions over a long period or to climatic fluctuations during the recent Quaternary period. Here, we test these two hypotheses using Dracaena cambodiana, a plant species distributed in paleotropical forests.
Methods: We analyzed nucleotide sequence data of two chloroplast DNA (cpDNA: atpB-rbcL and trnD-trnT) regions and genotype data of six nuclear microsatellites from 15 populations (140 and 363 individuals, respectively) distributed in Indochina Peninsular and Hainan Island to infer the patterns of genetic diversity and phylogeographic structure. The population bottleneck and genetic drift were estimated based upon nuclear microsatellites data using the software programs BOTTLENECK and 2MOD. The lineage divergence times and past population dynamics based on cpDNA data were estimated using coalescent-based isolation with-migration (IMa) and BEAST software programs. Results: A significant phylogeographic structure (NST = 0.876, GST = 0.796, FST-SSR = 0.329, RST = 0.449; NST.GST, RST.FST-SSR, P,0.05) and genetic differentiation among populations were detected. Bottleneck analyses and Bayesian skyline plot suggested recent population reduction. The cpDNA haplotype network revealed the ancestral populations from the southern Indochina region expanded to northward. The most recent ancestor divergence time of D. cambodiana dated back to the Tertiary era and rapid diversification of terminal lineages corresponded to the Quaternary period. Conclusions: The results indicated that the present distribution of genetic diversity in D. cambodiana was an outcome of Tertiary dispersal and rapid divergence during the Quaternary period under limited gene flow influenced by the uplift of Himalayan-Tibetan Plateau and Quaternary climatic fluctuations respectively. Evolutionary processes, such as extinctionrecolonization during the Pleistocene may have contributed to the fast diversification in D. cambodiana.

Divisions:Concordia University > Faculty of Arts and Science > Biology
Item Type:Article
Refereed:Yes
Authors:Vendramin, Giovanni G. and Zhao, Jian-Li and Zhang, Lu and Dayanandan, Selvadurai and Nagaraju, Shivaprakash and Liu, Dong-Mei and Li, Qiao-Ming
Journal or Publication:PLoS ONE
Date:April 2013
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):10.1371/journal.pone.0060102
ID Code:977515
Deposited By: SELVADURAI DAYANANDAN
Deposited On:15 Aug 2013 13:22
Last Modified:18 Jan 2018 17:44
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