Login | Register

Law 21, Drama Therapy and Professional Praxis in Quebec: A Phenomenological Case Study

Title:

Law 21, Drama Therapy and Professional Praxis in Quebec: A Phenomenological Case Study

Opolko, Christina (2016) Law 21, Drama Therapy and Professional Praxis in Quebec: A Phenomenological Case Study. [Graduate Projects (Non-thesis)] (Unpublished)

[thumbnail of Opolko_MA_S2016.pdf]
Preview
Text (application/pdf)
Opolko_MA_S2016.pdf - Accepted Version
Available under License Spectrum Terms of Access.
17MB

Abstract

This phenomenological case study examines Quebec-based drama therapists’ lived experiences of professional praxis (identity and practice) since Law 21 came into effect in July 2014, until April 2016. A socio-economic and historical literature review of licensure law in mental health and drama therapy in North America and abroad is provided. For the study, audio recordings of Quebec-based drama therapist focus groups and personal written memos were transcribed and thematically analyzed. Similar themes found between all respondents include an ongoing debate about therapy versus psychotherapy, a passion for drama therapy, and a feeling that Law 21 constricts professional access and choice, creating a professional climate of fear and shame. However, important differences between permit and non-permit holding participants include knowledge and communication around Law 21, the use of the term “psychotherapy” in pitches and consents for non-permit holders, and the concern with notes and continuing education credits for permit holders. These themes are discussed in order to provide advocacy recommendations moving forward.
Keywords: licensure, drama therapy, professional praxis, phenomenology

Divisions:Concordia University > Faculty of Fine Arts > Creative Arts Therapies
Item Type:Graduate Projects (Non-thesis)
Authors:Opolko, Christina
Institution:Concordia University
Degree Name:M.A.
Program:Creative Arts Therapies (Drama Therapy Option)
Date:31 August 2016
Keywords:licensure, drama therapy, professional praxis, phenomenology
ID Code:981702
Deposited By: CHRISTINA OPOLKO
Deposited On:08 Sep 2016 19:48
Last Modified:10 Apr 2018 18:09

References:

Akerlof, G. A. (1970). The market for "lemons": Quality uncertainty and the market mechanism. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 84(3), 488-500. doi: 10.2307/1879431
American Association of Marriage and Family Therapy. (2015). Find MFT licensing boards. Retrieved from https://www.aamft.org/imis15/AAMFT/Content/Directories/MFT_Licensing_Boards.aspx
Angrosino, M., & Rosenberg, J. (2011). Observations on observations: Continuities and challenges. In N. K. Denzin, & Y. K. Lincoln (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of qualitative research (4th ed., pp. 467-478). Los Angeles, CA: Sage.
Armstrong, C. R., Tanaka, S., Reoch, L., Bronstein, L., Honce, J., Rozenberg, M., & Powell, M. A. (2015). Emotional arousal in two drama therapy core processes: Dramatic embodiment and dramatic projection. Drama Therapy Review, 1(2), 147-160. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/dtr.1.2.147_1
Art Therapist Licensing Act A1783 (2013). Retrieved from the New Jersey legislature website: http://www.njleg.state.nj.us/2014/Bills/A2000/1783_I1.PDF
Barham, M. (1995). Dramatherapy: The journey to becoming a profession. Dramatherapy, 17(1-2), 33-39. doi:10.1080/02630672.1995.9689390
Brooks, D. K., & Gerstein, L. H. (1990). Counselor credentialing and interprofessional collaboration. Journal of Counseling and Development, 68(5), 484. doi: 10.1002/j.1556-6676.1990.tb01394.x
Buchanan, I. (2010a). Anti-foundationalism. Oxford Dictionary of Critical Theory. doi:10.1093/acref/9780199532919.001.0001
Buchanan, I. (2010b). Reification. The Oxford Dictionary of Critical Theory. doi:10.1093/acref/9780199532919.001.0001
Buske, L. (2012). Psychiatry—a recent profile of the profession. Canadian Collaborative Centre for Physician Resources.
Butler, J. D. (2014). Navigating the intersection of education and therapy in the drama therapy classroom  (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from Spectrum. (978950)
California Institute of Integral Studies. (2014). Graduate programs. Retrieved from http://www.ciis.edu/Academics/Graduate_Programs.html
Canadian Association of Social Workers. (2011). Evaluation of foreign social work credentials: Common questions and answers. Retrieved from http://www.casw-acts.ca/sites/default/files/attachements/Common%20Questions%20and%20Answers_E.pdf
Canadian Psychological Association. (2015). Provincial and territorial licensing requirements. Retrieved from http://www.cpa.ca/accreditation/PTlicensingrequirements
CATAC Québec. (2016). CATAC qu'est-ce que les thérapies par les arts? What are creative arts therapies? Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kj5tOK0MNl4
Conseil Interprofessionel du Québec. (2014). Definition and list. Retrieved from https://professions-quebec.org/en/the-professional-orders/regulated-professions/definition-and-list/
Creswell, J. W. (2013). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (3rd ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Sage.
Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. K. (2005). Introduction: The discipline and practice of qualitative research. In N. K. Denzin, & Y. K. Lincoln (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of qualitative research (3rd ed., pp. 1-32). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. K. (2011). Introduction: The discipline and practice of qualitative research. In N. K. Denzin, & Y. K. Lincoln (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of qualitative research (4th ed., pp. 1-26). Los Angeles, CA: Sage.
Doktor, D. (1990). Does dramatherapy facilitate or hinder? Dramatherapy, 12(2), 5-6. doi: 10.1080/02630672.1990.9689337
Doktor, D. (1992). Dramatherapy: A psychotherapy? Dramatherapy, 14(3), 9-11. doi:10.1080/02630672.1992.9689822
Drama Therapists and Dance/ Movement Therapists Licensing Act A4582. (2015). Retrieved from the New Jersey legislature website: http://www.njleg.state.nj.us/2014/Bills/A5000/4582_I1.HTM
Dunne, P. (2009). Narradrama: A narrative approach to drama therapy. In D. R. Johnson, & R. Emunah (Eds.), Current approaches to drama therapy (2nd ed., pp. 172-204). Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas.
Edgar, P., DePasquale, C., Elkin-Young, R., Long, K., & McLellan, L. (2010). New York state CAT licensure fact sheet.. New York, NY: NADT.
Feen-Calligan. (2012). Professional identity perceptions of dual-prepared art therapy graduates. Art Therapy, 29(4), 150-157. doi:10.1080/07421656.2012.730027
Fox, R. E. (1996). Charlatanism, scientism, and psychology's social contract. The American Psychologist, 51(8), 777-784. doi: 10.1037/0003-066x.51.8.777
Friedman, M. (1962). Occupational licensure. In Capitalism and freedom (pp. 137-160). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Goode, W. J. (1960). Encroachment, charlatanism and the emerging profession: Psychology, sociology and medicine. American Sociological Revue, 25(6), 902-965.
Gouvernement du Québec. (2005). Partageons nos compétences: Modernisation de la pratique professionnelle en santé mentale et en relations humaines (rapport trudeau), Dépôt legal U.S.C.
Gouvernement du Québec. (2009). Bill 21 : An act to amend the professional code and other legislative provisions in the field of mental health and human relations. Retrieved from http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=5&file=2009C28A.PDF
Holmes, J., & Lindley, R. (1989). The values of psychotherapy. Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press.
Holstein, J. A., & Gubrium, J. F. (2011). The constructionist analytics of interpretive practice. In N. K. Denzin, & Y. K. Lincoln (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of qualitative research (4th ed., pp. 341-358). Los Angeles, CA: Sage.
Irwin, E. (2009). Psychoanalytic approach to drama therapy. In D. R. Johnson, & R. Emunah (Eds.), Current approaches to drama therapy (2nd ed., pp. 235-251). Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas.
Jennings, S. E. (1998). Does dramatherapy exist? Dramatherapy, 20(2), 21-22. doi:10.1080/02630672.1998.9689481
Johnson, D. R. (1982). Principles and techniques of drama therapy. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 9(2), 83-90. doi:10.1016/0197-4556(82)90011-9
Johnson, D. R. (1985). Envisioning the link amongst creative arts therapies. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 12, 233-238.
Johnson, D. R. (1987). Introduction to the special issue on the 1985 NCATA conference. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 14, 197-199. doi:10.1016/0197-4556(87)90001-3
Johnson, D. R. (1991). On being one and many. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 18, 1-5. doi:10.1016/0197-4556(91)90002-R
Johnson, D. R. (1994). Shame dynamics among creative arts therapists. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 21(3), 173-178. doi:10.1016/0197-4556(94)90046-9
Jones, P. (1991). Dramatherapy: Five core processes. Dramatherapy, 14(1), 8. doi:10.1080/02630672.1991.9689804
Jones, P. (1996). Drama as therapy: Theory, practice and research (2nd ed.). London, U.K.; New York, NY: Routledge.
Jones, P. (2012). Approaches to the futures of research Part 2 (based on the conference keynote, British Association of Dramatherapists conference 2011, measure for measures, researching, re-viewing and re-framing dramatherapy in practice). Dramatherapy, 34(3), 116-138. doi: 10.1080/02630672.2012.737630
Kamberelis, G., & Dimitriadis, G. (2011). Focus groups: Contingent articulations of pedagogy, politics and inquiry. In N. K. Denzin, & Y. K. Lincoln (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of qualitative research (4th ed., pp. 545-562). Los Angeles, CA: Sage.
Kleiner, M. M., & Krueger, A. B. (2010). The prevalence and effects of occupational licensing. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 48(4), 676-687. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8543.2010.00807.x
Koltz, R. L., & Champe, J. (2010) A phenomenological case study: The transition of mental health counseling interns from students to professionals. Retrieved from http://counselingoutfitters.com/vistas/vistas10/Article_31.pdf
Landy, R. J. (1997). Drama therapy—the state of the art. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 24(1), 5-15. doi:10.1016/S0197-4556(96)00069-x
Landy, R. J. (2006). The future of drama therapy. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 33, 135-142. doi:10.1016/j.aip.2005.10.003
Langley, D. M. (1993). When is a dramatherapist not a therapist? Dramatherapy, 15(2), 16-18. doi:10.1080/02630672.1993.9689351
Langley, D. M. (1995). The path to professionalism: Are we training dramatherapists or psychotherapists? Dramatherapy, 17(1-2), 27-32. doi:10.1080/02630672.1995.9689389
Law, M. T., & Kim, S. (2005). Specialization and regulation: The rise of professionals and the emergence of occupational licensing regulation. Journal of Economic History, 65(3), 723-756. doi:10.1017/S0022050705000264
McBurney, R. E. (n.d.). Licensure, registration, and certification: Current status and future options. Retrieved from http://www.aapm.org/meetings/amos2/pdf/35-9920-98971-768.pdf
McCabe, D. P. (2013). Matrix links to state by state and province licensure-- a work in progress. (matrix). NADTA. Retrieved from http://www.nadta.org/assets/documents/matrixlinksforusandcanadaaworkinprogressfinaldraft06.pdf
Meldrum, B. (1994). Historical background and overview of dramatherapy. In S. Jennings, A. Cattanach, S. Mitchell, A. Chesner & B. Meldrum (Eds.), The handbook of dramatherapy (pp. 12-27). East Sussex, U.K.: Routledge.
Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Millward, L. (2012). Focus groups. In G. M. Breakwell, J. A. Smith & D. B. Wright (Eds.), Research methods in psychology (4th ed., pp. 411-438). Los Angeles, CA: Sage.
Moustakas, C. (1994). Phenomenological research methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Office des Professions du Québec. (2012). Bill 21: Shared professional skills in mental health and human relations: The people first – Explanatory guide. Retrieved from: https://www.cssspnql.com/docs/nouvelles/bill_21_explanatory-guide-word-03.pdf?sfvrsn=0
Orzack, L. H. (1971). Professionalization and prestige deficits. Sociological Focus, 4(3), 63-71.
Plante, P. (2015). OPTA: Planification stratégique. OPTA 2015. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bftcOC6H3hQ
Praxis, n.. (2002). In Shorter Oxford English dictionary (5th ed., pp. 2313). Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press.
Psychotherapy Act, 2007, S.O. 2007, c. 10, Sched. R (2015). Retrieved from the Government of Ontario website: http://www.ontario.ca/laws/statute/07p10#ys3
Reeder, J. M. (2015). APA divisions 29 & 17 pass resolution in favor of diverse training of masters-level practitioners. Retrieved from Coalition of Concerned Counselors website: http://www.concernedcounselors.org/apa-divisions-29-17-pass-resolution-in-favor-of-diverse-training-of-masters-level-practitioners-building-support-for-the-inclusion-of-psychologists-and-other-professions-in-the-continued-training-o/
Roach-Anleu, S. L. (1992). The professionalization of social work? A case study of three organizational settings. Sociology, 26(1), 23-43.
Robiner, W. N. (2006). The mental health professions: Workforce supply and demand, issues, and challenges. Clinical Psychology Review, 26(5), 600-625. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2006.05.002
Rubin, N. J., Bebeau, M., Leigh, I. W., Lichtenberg, J. W., Nelson, P. D., Portnoy, S., . . . Kaslow, N. J. (2007). The competency movement within psychology: An historical perspective. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 38(5), 452-462. doi:10.1037/0735-7028.38.5.452
Scoble, S. (Ed.). (2015). ECArTE: Directory of european education and training programmes (2nd ed.). Plymouth, U.K.: University of Plymouth Press.
Smith, H. B., Weikel, W. J., & Brooks Jr., D. K. (2011). The impact of credentialing on mental health counseling. In A. J. Palmo, W. J. Weikel & D. P. Borsos (Eds.), Foundations of mental health counseling (4th ed., pp. 311-323). Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas.
Health and Care Professions Council. (2013). Standards of proficiency: Arts therapists. London, U.K. Retrieved from http://www.hpc-uk.org/assets/documents/100004FBStandards_of_Proficiency_Arts_Therapists.pdf
Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1998). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Vagle, M. D. (2014). Crafting phenomenological research. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press.
van Manen, M. (2014). Phenomenology of practice: Meaning-giving methods in phenomenological research and writing. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press.
Weinberg, D. (2008). The philosophical foundations of constructionist research. In J. A. Holstein, & J. F. Gubrium (Eds.), Handbook of constructionist research (pp. 13-39). New York, NY: Guilford.
Wilkinson, R. T., & Suh, S. (2012). Professional counselors' experiences pursuing state licensure. Alabama Counseling Association Journal, 38(1), 20-30. Retrieved from http://www.alabamacounseling.org/pdf/journal/fall2012.pdf
Williams-Saunders, J., Bailey, B., Schrader, C., & Horwood, T. (19). The dramatherapy/psychotherapy debate. Dramatherapy, 2(14), 21. doi:10.1080/02630672.1997.9689447
All items in Spectrum are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved. The use of items is governed by Spectrum's terms of access.

Repository Staff Only: item control page

Downloads per month over past year

Research related to the current document (at the CORE website)
- Research related to the current document (at the CORE website)
Back to top Back to top