Login | Register

Low Cost High Gain Millimeter Wave Planar Antennas

Title:

Low Cost High Gain Millimeter Wave Planar Antennas

Al-Alem, Yazan (2019) Low Cost High Gain Millimeter Wave Planar Antennas. PhD thesis, Concordia University.

[thumbnail of Al-Alem_PhD_S2020.pdf]
Preview
Text (application/pdf)
Al-Alem_PhD_S2020.pdf - Accepted Version
Available under License Spectrum Terms of Access.
17MB

Abstract

The advent of the fifth generation of wireless communication systems mandates the use of high gain antennas for transceiver front ends. The use of high gain antennas is very vital in order to compensate for the high path loss of the propagating signals at millimeter wave frequencies. There are many methods to implement high gain antennas; many of those solutions are expensive and complicated in terms of its fabrication process. Here, we emphasize 60 GHz high-gain antennas based on the low cost planar printed circuit board technology. The proposed solutions are low cost with high performance metrics. The proposed antennas suit short range, low power applications, such as wireless personal area networks (WPAN). Nonetheless, the study provided for the proposed structures reveals new physical insights, and new methods for the design procedure, where the design procedure becomes very straightforward.
The first proposed structure utilizes the radiation losses in microstrip line discontinuities to implement an efficient high gain radiator at 60 GHz. The second proposed structure utilizes the diffracted fields from the edges of metal sheets as secondary radiating sources to boost the gain of the element. Also, an increased distance between the antenna elements can be achieved without generating grating lobes; this can be comprehended by visualizing each element as a subarray of radiating sources. Such a concept has a significant implication on the relaxation of the design of feeding networks. The single antenna element realized gain goes up to 11.5 dBi, the 10 dB return loss bandwidth covers the 60 GHz ISM band, and the radiation efficiency goes above 90%.
A Magneto-Electric (ME) dipole is usually designed by superimposing electric and magnetic current elements orthogonally on each other. A new design procedure is proposed, which can transform the radiation characteristics of an electric or magnetic current element to a Magneto-Electric dipole characteristics. The proposed procedure doesn’t require the orthogonal combination of the magnetic and electric current elements. Hence, the procedure possesses a significant advantage, where it avoids the need for a quarter free-space wavelength spacing between the current element and the metallic ground plane. In addition, the proposed design increases the antenna gain dramatically, where the proposed structure has a boresight gain of 11.5 dBi, and a relative bandwidth of 13% centered at 60 GHz. The antenna element has been employed in a planar antenna array to achieve a gain of 22 dBi.
A novel technique is proposed to enhance the gain of a Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA) over a wideband range of frequencies. The proposed antenna structure has a relative bandwidth of 27.5% in the 60 GHz band, and a peak realized gain of 12.5 dBi. The peak of the total antenna radiation efficiency is 96%. The proposed antenna is suitable for high data rate short range personal area networks applications. Printed Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) technology is used to feed the antenna to eliminate any parasitic radiation from the feed line. The characterization of 60 GHz antennas is very challenging. The end launch connector used to feed the antenna at such frequency is relatively large compared to the antenna dimensions, and that consequently affects the accuracy of the characterization of the antenna, especially if it is in the vicinity of the antenna. EBG surfaces have been used to resolve such characterization impairments.
In a 5G network, the data is communicated at mm-wave frequencies between various communicating entities. The communicated high frequency signal is processed internally within the communicating entity itself. Thus, the data is communicated through electrical interconnects between several chips or between several sub-circuits within the chip. In such a way, those electrical interconnects between various sub-circuits within an Integrated Circuit (IC), or between several adjacent ICs, play a vital role in defining the performance limits of any system. As the frequency of operation gradually increases, the design of interconnects, whether within the IC environment (intra-chip) or between several adjacent ICs (inter-chip), turn into a more challenging task. As the frequencies of operation increase, the proper interconnect guiding structure dimensions become infeasible to realize, or it might exhibit a high level of losses, and large intrinsic RC time delay. Moreover, by the increase of the number of interconnects, the mutual coupling between the interconnect structures become more severe, not to mention the complexity, and associated cost of such design. The wireless interconnects concept (wireless intra-chip/inter-chip communication) emerged as a suggested remedy to the high frequency interconnect problem. We provide a study of several aspects of wireless inter-chip communication between adjacent ICs at mm-wave frequencies. The symmetrical layers concept is introduced as a general approach to eliminate the destructive interference and redirect the wasted radiated energy to free space towards the receiving antenna. In addition, the use of hard/soft surfaces and EBG structures to focus the radiated energy towards the receiving antenna is studied thoroughly. The use of such concepts has tremendous advantages, in focusing the energy towards the receiving antenna and eliminating the spherical spreading losses introduced by the radiated spherical wave nature. The incorporation of the symmetrical layers with hard/soft surfaces led to novel compact, low-cost wireless inter-chip structures with enhanced link budget performance.

Divisions:Concordia University > Gina Cody School of Engineering and Computer Science
Item Type:Thesis (PhD)
Authors:Al-Alem, Yazan
Institution:Concordia University
Degree Name:Ph. D.
Program:Electrical and Computer Engineering
Date:30 June 2019
Thesis Supervisor(s):Kishk, Ahmed
ID Code:985893
Deposited By: Yazan Al-Alem
Deposited On:30 Jun 2020 12:42
Last Modified:30 Jun 2020 12:42

References:

[1] F. A. Wyczalek, Millimeter Wave Technology in Wireless PAN, LAN, and MAN. Auerbach Publications, 2008.
[2] D. Liu, B. Gaucher, U. Pfeiffer, and J. Grzyb, Advanced Millimeter-Wave Technologies. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2009.
[3] L. Lu, K. Ma, F. Meng, and K. S. Yeo, “Design of a 60-GHz Quasi-Yagi Antenna With Novel Ladder-Like Directors for Gain and Bandwidth Enhancements,” IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett., vol. 15, pp. 682–685, 2016.
[4] I. Mohamed, Z. Briqech, and A. Sebak, “Antipodal fermi tapered slot antenna for 60-GHz band applications,” IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett., vol. 14, pp. 96–99, 2015.
[5] T. H. Jang, H. Y. Kim, and C. S. Park, “A 60 GHz Wideband Switched-Beam Dipole-Array-Fed Hybrid Horn Antenna,” IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett., vol. 17, no. 7, pp. 1344–1348, 2018.
[6] M. Sharifi Sorkherizi, A. Dadgarpour, and A. A. Kishk, “Planar high-efficiency antenna array using new printed ridge gap waveguide technology,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 65, no. 7, pp. 3772–3776, 2017.
[7] Y. Hong and J. Choi, “60 GHz Patch Antenna Array With Parasitic Elements for Smart Glasses,” IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett., vol. 17, no. 7, pp. 1252–1256, 2018.
[8] T. Zhang, L. Li, H. Xia, X. Ma, and T. J. C. Cui, “A low-cost and high-gain 60-GHz differential phased array antenna in PCB process,” IEEE Trans. Components, Packag. Manuf. Technol., vol. 8, no. 7, pp. 1281–1291, 2018.
[9] H. Chu, J. X. Chen, and Y. X. Guo, “An Efficient Gain Enhancement Approach for 60-GHz Antenna Using Fully Integrated Vertical Metallic Walls in LTCC,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 64, no. 10, pp. 4513–4518, 2016.
[10] N. Celik and M. F. Iskander, “Genetic-algorithm-based antenna array design for a 60-GHz hybrid smart antenna system,” IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett., vol. 7, pp. 795–798, 2008.
[11] C. Kärnfelt, P. Hallbjörner, H. Zirath, and A. Alping, “High gain active microstrip antenna for 60-GHz WLAN/WPAN applications,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 54, no. 6, pp. 2593–2602, 2006.
[12] X. P. Chen, K. Wu, L. Han, and F. He, “Low-cost high gain planar antenna array for 60 GHz band applications,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 58, no. 6, pp. 2126–2129, 2010.
[13] Y. J. Cheng, Substrate Integrated Antennas and Arrays, 1st Ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2015.
[14] K. S. Chin, W. Jiang, W. Che, C. C. Chang, and H. Jin, “Wideband LTCC 60-GHz antenna array with a dual-resonant slot and patch structure,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 62, no. 1, pp. 174–182, 2014.
[15] A. A. Qureshi, D. M. Klymyshyn, M. Tayfeh, W. Mazhar, M. Borner, and J. Mohr, “Template-Based Dielectric Resonator Antenna Arrays for Millimeter-Wave Applications,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 65, no. 9, pp. 4576–4584, Sep. 2017.
[16] M. Li and K. Luk, “Wideband Magneto-Electric Dipole Antenna for 60-GHz Millimeter-Wave Communications,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 63, no. 7, pp. 3276–3279, Jul. 2015.
[17] R. A. Alhalabi and G. M. Rebeiz, “Differentially-fed millimeter-wave yagi-uda antennas with folded dipole feed,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 58, no. 3, pp. 966–969, 2010.
[18] R. A. Alhalabi and G. M. Rebeiz, “High-efficiency angled-dipole antennas for millimeter-wave phased array applications,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 56, no. 10, pp. 3136–3142, 2008.
[19] Z. Chen, H. Liu, J. Yu, and X. Chen, “High gain, broadband and dual-polarized substrate integrated waveguide cavity-backed slot antenna array for 60 GHz band,” IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 31012–31022, 2018.
[20] J. Zhu, C. Chu, L. Deng, C. Zhang, Y. Yang, and S. Li, “mm-Wave High Gain Cavity-Backed Aperture-Coupled Patch Antenna Array,” IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 44050–44058, 2018.
[21] S. B. Yeap, Z. N. Chen, and X. Qing, “Gain-enhanced 60-GHz LTCC antenna array with open air cavities,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 59, no. 9, pp. 3470–3473, 2011.
[22] J. Zhang, X. Zhang, and A. A. Kishk, “Broadband 60 GHz Antennas Fed by Substrate Integrated Gap Waveguides,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 66, no. 7, pp. 3261–3270, 2018.
[23] F. J. Huang, C. M. Lee, C. Y. Kuo, and C. H. Luo, “mmW Antenna in IPD process for 60-GHz WPAN applications,” IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett., vol. 10, pp. 565–568, 2011.
[24] M. Sun, X. Qing, and Z. N. Chen, “60-GHz end-fire fan-like antennas with wide beamwidth,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 61, no. 4, pp. 1616–1622, 2013.
[25] A. Toda and F. Flaviis, “60-GHz Substrate Materials Characterization Using the Covered Transmission-Line Method,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 63, no. 3, pp. 1063–1075, Mar. 2015.
[26] P. Kildal, Foundations for Antenna Engineering. Artech House, 2015.
[27] Y. T. Lo and S. W. Lee, Eds., Antenna Handbook. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988.
[28] Y. Al-Alem and A. A. Kishk, “Low-Profile Low-Cost High Gain 60 GHz Antenna,” IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 13376–13384, 2018.
[29] D. Pozar, Microwave Engineering Fourth Edition, Fourth Ed. John Wiley & Sons, 2012.
[30] Z. G. Liu, “Fabry-Perot Resonator antenna,” J. Infrared, Millimeter, Terahertz Waves, vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 391–403, 2010.
[31] H. Attia, L. Yousefi, and O. Ramahi, “High gain microstrip antennas loaded with high characteristic impedance superstrates,” IEEE Antennas Propag. Soc. AP-S Int. Symp., vol. 10, pp. 1258–1261, 2011.
[32] A. A. Kishk and L. Shafai, “Gain enhancement of antennas over finite ground plane covered by a dielectric sheet,” IEE Proc. H Microwaves, Antennas Propag., vol. 134, no. 1, pp. 60–64, 1987.
[33] H. Nakano, Low-Profile Natural and Metamaterial Antennas. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016.
[34] L. Kwai-man, H. Wong, K. Luk, and H. Wong, “A New Wideband Unidirectional Antenna Element,” Int. J. Microw. Opt. Technol., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 35–44, 2006.
[35] E. J. Denlinger, “Losses of Microstrip Lines,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 28, no. 6, pp. 513–522, 1980.
[36] C. A. Balanis, Advanced engineering electromagnetics, 2nd ed. John Wiley & Sons, 2012.
[37] C. A. Balanis, Ed., Modern Antenna Handbook, 1st ed. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008.
[38] T. A. Milligan, Modern Antenna Handbook. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008.
[39] Y. Al-Alem and A. A. Kishk, “Efficient Millimeter-Wave Antenna Based On the Exploitation of Microstrip Line Discontinuity Radiation,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 66, no. 6, pp. 2844–2852, 2018.
[40] T. C. Edwards and M. B. Steer, Foundations for Microstrip Circuit Design. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016.
[41] H. Sobol, “Radiation Conductance of Open-Circuit Microstrip,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 19, no. 11, pp. 885–887, 1971.
[42] M. Sharifi Sorkherizi and A. A. Kishk, “Fully Printed Gap Waveguide with Facilitated Design Properties,” IEEE Microw. Wirel. Components Lett., vol. 26, no. 9, pp. 657–659, 2016.
[43] D. Sievenpiper, “High-impedance electromagnetic surfaces,” University of California, 1999.
[44] E. Pucci, E. Rajo-Iglesias, J. L. Vázquez-Roy, and P. S. Kildal, “Planar dual-mode horn array with corporate-feed network in inverted microstrip gap waveguide,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 62, no. 7, pp. 3534–3542, 2014.
[45] K. Gong, Z. N. Chen, X. Qing, P. Chen, and W. Hong, “Substrate integrated waveguide cavity-backed wide slot antenna for 60-GHz bands,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 60, no. 12, pp. 6023–6026, 2012.
[46] J. Xu, Z. N. Chen, X. Qing, and W. Hong, “Bandwidth Enhancement for a 60 GHz Substrate Integrated Waveguide Fed Cavity Array Antenna on LTCC,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 59, no. 3, pp. 826–832, 2011.
[47] A. E. I. Lamminen, J. Säily, and A. R. Vimpari, “60-GHz Patch Antennas and Arrays on LTCC With Embedded-Cavity Substrates,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 56, no. 9, pp. 2865–2874, 2008.
[48] H. Sun, Y. Guo, and Z. Wang, “60-GHz Circularly Polarized U-Slot Patch Antenna Array on LTCC,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 61, no. 1, pp. 430–435, 2013.
[49] S. Liao, P. Chen, P. Wu, K. M. Shum, and Q. Xue, “Substrate-Integrated Waveguide-Based 60-GHz Resonant Slotted Waveguide Arrays With Wide Impedance Bandwidth and High Gain,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 63, no. 7, pp. 2922–2931, 2015.
[50] M. Li and K. Luk, “Low-Cost Wideband Microstrip Antenna Array for 60-GHz Applications,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 62, no. 6, pp. 3012–3018, 2014.
[51] H. Jin, W. Che, K. Chin, W. Yang, and Q. Xue, “Millimeter-Wave TE20-Mode SIW Dual-Slot-Fed Patch Antenna Array With a Compact Differential Feeding Network,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 66, no. 1, pp. 456–461, 2018.
[52] Z. Gan, Z. Tu, Z. Xie, Q. Chu, and Y. Yao, “Compact Wideband Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antenna Array for 45 GHz Application,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 66, no. 11, pp. 6388–6392, 2018.
[53] M. Asaadi and A. Sebak, “High-Gain Low-Profile Circularly Polarized Slotted SIW Cavity Antenna for MMW Applications,” IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett., vol. 16, pp. 752–755, 2017.
[54] L. Wang, Y. Guo, and W. Sheng, “Wideband High-Gain 60-GHz LTCC L-Probe Patch Antenna Array With a Soft Surface,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 61, no. 4, pp. 1802–1809, 2013.
[55] T. Mikulasek, J. Puskely, J. Lacik, and Z. Raida, “Design of aperture-coupled microstrip patch antenna array fed by SIW for 60 GHz band,” IET Microwaves, Antennas Propag., vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 288–292, 2016.
[56] K. Wincza and S. Gruszczynski, “Microstrip antenna arrays fed by a series-parallel slot-coupled feeding network,” IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett., vol. 10, pp. 991–994, 2011.
[57] Z. Liu, “Fabry-Perot Resonator Antenna,” J. Infrared, Millimeter, Terahertz Waves, vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 391–403, Dec. 2009.
[58] A. A. Kishk, “One-dimensional electromagnetic bandgap for directivity enhancement of waveguide antennas,” Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 47, no. 5, pp. 430–434, 2005.
[59] A. A. Kishk and L. Shafai, “Gain enhancement of antennas over finite ground plane covered by a dielectric sheet,” IEE Proc. H Microwaves, Antennas Propag., vol. 134, no. 1, pp. 60–64, 1987.
[60] H. Vettikalladi, O. Lafond, and M. Himdi, “High-Efficient and High-Gain Superstrate Antenna for 60-GHz Indoor Communication,” IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett., vol. 8, pp. 1422–1425, 2009.
[61] H. Attia, M. L. Abdelghani, and T. A. Denidni, “Wideband and High-Gain Millimeter-Wave Antenna Based on FSS Fabry–Perot Cavity,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 65, no. 10, pp. 5589–5594, Oct. 2017.
[62] A. Hosseini, F. Capolino, and F. De Flaviis, “Gain enhancement of a V-band antenna using a fabry-pérot cavity with a self-sustained all-metal cap with FSS,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 63, no. 3, pp. 909–921, 2015.
[63] A. Hosseini, F. De Flaviis, and F. Capolino, “A 60 GHz simple-to-fabricate single-layer planar Fabry–Pérot cavity antenna,” IET Microwaves, Antennas Propag., vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 313–318, Mar. 2015.
[64] R. Paknys, Applied Frequency-Domain Electromagnetics. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016.
[65] R. G. Kouyoumjian and P. H. Pathak, “A uniform geometrical theory of diffraction for an edge in a perfectly conducting surface,” Proc. IEEE, vol. 62, no. 11, pp. 1448–1461, 1974.
[66] Y. Al-Alem and A. A. Kishk, “Simple High Gain 60 GHz Antenna,” in 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation & USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting, 2018, vol. 6, pp. 1693–1694.
[67] L. B. Felsen, “Evanescent waves*,” J. Opt. Soc. Am, vol. 66, no. 8, pp. 751–760, 1976.
[68] P. S. Kildal, A. A. Kishk, and S. Maci, “Special Issue on Artificial Magnetic Conductors, Soft/Hard Surfaces, and Other Complex Surfaces,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 2–7, Jan. 2005.
[69] A. Vallecchi, J. R. De Luis, F. Capolino, and F. De Flaviis, “Low profile fully planar folded dipole antenna on a high impedance surface,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 60, no. 1, pp. 51–62, 2012.
[70] Z. Zhang and K. Wu, “A Wideband Dual-Polarized Dielectric Magneto-Electric Dipole Antenna,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., 2018.
[71] X. Ruan, K. B. Ng, and C. H. Chan, “A Differentially-Fed Transmission-Line-Excited Magneto-Electric Dipole Antenna Array for 5G Applications,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 66, no. 10, pp. 5224–5230, 2018.
[72] C. A. Balanis, Antenna Theory Analysis and Design Third Edition. John Wiley & Sons, 2005.
[73] K. M. Luk and K. W. Leung, Dielectric Resonator Antennas. Research Studies Pr Ltd., 2002.
[74] A. Petosa and A. Ittipiboon, “Dielectric Resonator Antennas : A Historical Review and the Current State of the Art,” IEEE Antennas Propag. Mag., vol. 52, no. 5, 2010.
[75] L. Ohlsson et al., “Slot-Coupled Millimeter-Wave Dielectric Resonator Antenna for High-Efficiency Monolithic Integration,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 61, no. 1, pp. 1599–1607, 2013.
[76] Q. Lai et al., “60 GHz Aperture-Coupled Dielectric Resonator Antennas Fed by a Half-Mode Substrate Integrated,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 58, no. 6, pp. 1856–1864, 2010.
[77] M. J. Al-Hasan, T. A. Denidni, and A. R. Sebak, “Millimeter-Wave EBG-Based Aperture-Coupled Dielectric Resonator Antenna,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 61, no. 8, pp. 4354–4357, 2013.
[78] M. O. Sallam et al., “Micromachined On-Chip Dielectric Resonator Antenna Operating at 60 GHz,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 63, no. 8, pp. 3410–3416, 2015.
[79] Y.-X. Sun and K. W. Leung, “Circularly Polarized Substrate-Integrated Cylindrical Dielectric Resonator Antenna Array for 60 GHz Applications,” IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett., vol. 17, no. 8, pp. 1401–1405, 2018.
[80] A. A. Kishk, “Directive Yagi-Uda dielectric resonator antennas,” Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 44, no. 5, pp. 451–453, 2005.
[81] A. A. Kishk, “Enhanced gain of scanning DRA array,” in 2016 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2016, 2016.
[82] H. Attia and A. A. Kishk, “Transmission Line Model of RGW Slot Antenna Covered with Superstrate at 60 GHz,” in 2015 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation & USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting, 2015.
[83] A. A. Kishk, “DRA-array with 75% reduction in elements number,” in IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium, RWS, 2013, pp. 70–72.
[84] Y. Al-Alem and A. A. Kishk, “Antenna Gain and Bandwidth Enhancement Using a Dielectric Superstrate at 60 GHz,” in 2018 18th International Symposium on Antenna Technology and Applied Electromagnetics (ANTEM), 2018.
[85] Y. Al-Alem and A. A. Kishk, “High-Gain 60 GHz Slot Antenna with Symmetric Radiation Characteristics,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 67, no. 5, pp. 2971–2982, May 2019.
[86] J. Volakis, Antenna Engineering Handbook, Fourth. US: McGraw-Hill Professional, 2007.
[87] S. I. Shams and A. A. Kishk, “Printed Texture With Triangle Flat Pins for Bandwidth Enhancement of the Ridge Gap Waveguide,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 65, no. 6, pp. 2093–2100, 2017.
[88] S. I. Shams and A. A. Kishk, “Design of 3-dB Hybrid Coupler Based on RGW Technology,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 65, no. 10, pp. 3849–3855, 2017.
[89] M. Sharifi Sorkherizi, A. Dadgarpour, and A. A. Kishk, “Planar high-efficiency antenna array using new printed ridge gap waveguide technology,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 65, no. 7, pp. 3772–3776, 2017.
[90] A. Perron, T. A. Denidni, and A.-R. Sebak, “High-Gain Hybrid Dielectric Resonator Antenna for Millimeter-Wave Applications: Design and Implementation,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 57, no. 10, pp. 2882–2892, Oct. 2009.
[91] M. Nitta and T. Kikkawa, “Interference of digital noise with integrated dipole antenna for inter-chip signal transmission in ULSI,” in 2005 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2005, vol. 3B, pp. 264–267.
[92] T. Kikkawa, K. Kimoto, and S. Watanabe, “Ultrawideband characteristics of fractal dipole antennas integrated on Si for ULSI wireless interconnects,” IEEE Electron Device Lett., vol. 26, no. 10, pp. 767–769, Oct. 2005.
[93] Y. Al-Alem, R. M. Shubair, and A. Kishk, “Efficient on-chip antenna design based on symmetrical layers for multipath interference cancellation,” in 2016 16th Mediterranean Microwave Symposium (MMS), 2016.
[94] K. Kim, “Design and characterization of RF components for inter- and intra-chip wireless communications,” University of Florida, 2000.
[95] K. Kim et al., “The feasibility of on-chip interconnection using antennas,” in IEEE/ACM Int’l Conf. Computer-Aided Design (ICCAD ’05), 2005, pp. 979–984.
[96] B. A. Floyd, C. Hung, and K. K. O, “Intra-chip wireless interconnect for clock distribution implemented with integrated antennas, receivers, and transmitters,” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 37, no. 5, pp. 543–552, May 2002.
[97] K. K. O et al., “On-Chip Antennas in Silicon ICs and Their Application,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, vol. 52, no. 7, pp. 1312–1323, Jul. 2005.
[98] M. Sun, Y. P. Zhang, G. X. Zheng, and W. Yin, “Performance of intra-chip wireless interconnect using on-chip antennas and UWB radios,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 57, no. 9, pp. 2756–2762, Sep. 2009.
[99] W. Wang et al., “Wireless Inter/Intra-Chip Communication Using an Innovative PCB Channel Bounded by a Metamaterial Absorber,” IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett., vol. 15, pp. 1634–1637, 2016.
[100] J. Wu, A. Kodi, S. Kaya, A. Louri, and H. Xin, “Monopoles Loaded with 3-D-Printed Dielectrics for Future Wireless Intra-Chip Communications,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 65, no. 12, pp. 6838–6846, 2017.
[101] M. Sun, Y. P. Zhang, and G. X. Zheng, “Modeling and measurement of the on-chip meander antenna pair,” in 2005 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference Proceedings, 2005, vol. 4, pp. 1–3.
[102] P. S. Kildal and A. Kishk, “EM modeling of surfaces with stop or go characteristics - Artificial magnetic conductors and soft and hard surfaces,” Appl. Comput. Electromagn. Soc. J., vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 32–40, 2003.
[103] Y. Al-Alem, A. Kishk, and R. Shubair, “Enhanced Wireless Inter-Chip Communication Performance Using Symmetrical Layers and Soft/Hard Surface Concepts,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., 2019.
All items in Spectrum are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved. The use of items is governed by Spectrum's terms of access.

Repository Staff Only: item control page

Downloads per month over past year

Research related to the current document (at the CORE website)
- Research related to the current document (at the CORE website)
Back to top Back to top