In this thesis, we examine the sociological analysis of the French translation of Delta of Venus by Anaïs Nin. We attempt to underline the social trajectory ( habitus ) of the translator, Béatrice Commengé and of the author. We analyze how the author. Anaïs Nin is situated with regard to the American erotic tradition and especially how the translation is situated with regard to the French tradition.  We use Pierre Bourdieu's sociological theory to determine the structural factors at the core of the translated text. We start from the hypothesis that this theory is based on the structure and the history of the field, the habitus of the agents (in particular the translators) and the illusio of a genre of text, the erotic text. Pierre Bourdieu's method will allow us to understand various features of the social reality of the literary field in the field of power, the structure of the literary field and the formation of the habitus of the author and the translator.