Primary Corpora: Mosteghanemi, Ahlem. Dhakirat al-jassad. Manshurat Ahlem Mosteghanemi, 2004. The bridges of Constantine / Ahlem Mosteghanemi, translated by Raphael Cohen. London Bloomsbury, 2013. Mémoires de la chair / Ahlem Mosteghanemi, translated by Mohamed Mokeddem. Albin Michel S.A., 2002 Paris. Secondary Sources: Abbasi, Pyeaarn, and H. Vahid Dastjerdi. "Obstacles to Literary Translation: Challenges and Choices." Iranian Journal of Translation Studies 3.10 (2005): 29-48. Axiela, J. F. "Culture-Specific Items in Translation: Translation, Power, Subversion” (1996): 52-78. Aldebyan, Qusai A. Strategies for Translating Arabic Cultural Markers into English: A Foreignizing Approach, University of Arkansas, Ann Arbor, 2008. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global, https://0search.proquest.com.mercury.concordia.ca/docview/304686882?accountid=10246. Retrieved 9 Mar.2015. Allen, Roger. The Arabic Novel: An Historical and Critical Introduction. Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press, 1995. Altoma, Salih J., ed. Modern Arabic literature in translation: A companion. Saqi Books, 2005. Bahameed, Adel. "Hindrances in Arabic-English intercultural translation." Translation Journal 12.1 (2008): 1-16. Bandia, Paul Fadio. Sociolinguistic and Sociocultural Aspects of Translation: A Cross- cultural Study in an African Context. National Library of Canada= Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1995. Bandia, Paul F. "Translation as culture transfer: Evidence from African creative writing." TTR: traduction, terminologie, rédaction 6.2 (1993): 55-78. Barthes, Roland. "Toward a psychosociology of contemporary food consumption." Food and culture: A reader 2 (1997): 28-35. Bassnett, Susan, and André Lefevere. Constructing Cultures: Essays on Literary Translation. 11 Vol. Clevedon; Philadelphia: Multilingual Matters, 1998. Bhabha, Homi K. The Location of Culture. London; New York: Routledge, 1994. Bourdieu, Pierre. "A conservative revolution in publishing." Translation studies1.2 (2008): 123-153. Catford, J. C. A Linguistic Theory of Translation: An Essay in Applied Linguistics. 8 Vol. London: Oxford University Press, 1965. Davies, Eirlys E. "A goblin or a dirty nose? The treatment of culture-specific references in translations of the Harry Potter books." The Translator 9.1 (2003) : 65-100. Hatim, Basil. "Implications of research into translator invisibility." Target 11.2 (1999): 201- 222. Hatim, B., and I. Mason. Discourse and the Translator. London; New York: Longman, 1990. Ettobi, Mustapha, Traduire la culture arabe en anglais et en français: al-Khubz al-Hāfī de Mohamed Choukri traduit par Paul Bowles et Tahar Ben Jelloun. Diss. Concordia University, 2004. Faiq, Said. "Arabic translation: A glorious past but a meek present. "Translation Perspectives XI: Beyond the Western Tradition, Binghamton: State University of New York at Binghamton (2000): 83-98. Faiq, Said. Trans-Lated: Translation and Cultural Manipulation. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 2007. Farghal, Mohammed. "Lexical and discoursal problems in English-Arabic translation." Meta: Journal des traducteurs Meta: Translators' Journal 40.1 (1995): 54-61. Ghazala, Hasan. "Stylistic-semantic and grammatical functions of punctuation in English- Arabic translation." Babel 50.3 (2004): 230-245. Harvey, Malcolm. "A beginner's course in legal translation: the case of culture-bound terms." ASTTI/ETI (2000) : 357-369. Homeidi, Moheiddin A. "Arabic translation across cultures." Babel 50.1 (2004): 13-27. House, Juliane. "Moving across languages and cultures in translation as intercultural communication." Translation action and intercultural communication (2009): 7-39. Jacquemond, Richard. "Translation policies in the Arab world: Representations, discourses and realities." The Translator 15.1 (2009): 15-35. Johnson-Davies, Denys, and Najib Mahfoud. Memories in Translation: A Life between the Lines of Arabic Literature. Cairo; New York: The American University in Cairo Press, 2006. Komissarov, Vilen N. "Language and Culture in Translation: Competitors or Collaborators?" TTR: Traduction, terminologie, rédaction 4.1 (1991): 33-47. Kroeber, Alfred Louis, and Clyde Kluckhohn. "Culture: A critical review of concepts and definitions." Papers. Peabody Museum of Archaeology & Ethnology, Harvard University (1952). Manini, Luca. "Meaningful literary names: Their forms and functions, and their translation." The Translator 2.2 (1996) : 161-178. Milton, John, and Paul F. Bandia. Agents of Translation. 81 Vol. Amsterdam, NL: John Ben- jamins Pub., 2009. Larson, Mildred L. Meaning-Based Translation: A Guide to Cross-Language Equivalence. Lanham, Md.: University Press of America, 1998. McQuilkin, J. Robertson. "Limits of Cultural Interpretation." JETS 23 (1980): 113-24. Munday, Jeremy. Introducing Translation Studies: Theories and Applications. Fourth ed. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon; New York: Routledge, 2016. Newmark, Peter. A textbook of translation. Vol. 1. New York: Prentice hall, 1988. Nida, Eugene Albert. Contexts in Translating. 41 Vol. Amsterdam; Philadelphia: J. Benjamins Pub. Co., 2001. Nord, Christiane. Translating as a Purposeful Activity: Functionalist Approaches Explained. Manchester, UK: St. Jerome, 1997. Poshi, Ilda. "Culture-Specific Items and Literary Translation." Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 4.9 (2013): 171. Pym, Anthony. "Against praise of hybridity." Across Languages and Cultures2.2 (2001): 195-206. Rogers, Richard A. "From cultural exchange to transculturation: A review and reconceptualization of cultural appropriation." Communication Theory 16.4 (2006): 474- 503. Salama-Carr, Myriam. "Transparency in translating from Arabic." Intercultural Communication Studies 14.4 (2005): 103. Sapir, Edward, and David Goodman Mandelbaum. Selected writings of Edward Sapir in language, culture and personality. Vol. 342. University of California Press, 1985. Schäffner, Christina, and Helen Kelly-Holmes. Cultural Functions of Translation. Clevedon; Bristol, PA, USA: Multilingual Matters, 1995. Shunnaq, Abdullah. "Problems in translating Arabic texts into English. “Abdullah Shannaq, Cay Dollerup, and Mohammed Saraireh (eds), Issues in Translation. Irbid: Irbid National University & Jordanian Translators' Association (1998): 33-52. Shunnaq, Abdullah T. "Lexical Incongruence in Arabic-English Translation due to Emotiveness in Arabic." Turjuman : revue de traduction et d'interprétation, journal of translation studies 2.2 (1993) : 37-63. Storm, Penny. Functions of dress: Tool of Culture and the Individual. New Jersey, Prentice Hall, 1987. Tremayne, Soraya. "Not all Muslims are luddites." Anthropology Today 22.3 (2006): 1-2. Trivedi, Harish. "Translating culture vs. cultural translation." Benjamins translation library 71 (2007): 277. Ursula, Lindsey. "A Potential Renaissance for Arabic Translation. " http://www.alfanar.org/2013/06/a-new-dawn-for-arabic-translation/ Retrieved 9 Mar.2015. Valassopoulos, Anastasia. Contemporary Arab women writers: cultural expression in context. London, Routledge, 2008. Van Leeuwen, Richard. "The cultural context of translating Arabic literature." Cultural encounters in translation from Arabic (2004) : 14-25. Venuti, Lawrence. "Translation and the Formation of Cultural Identities." Current Issues in Language and Society 1.3 (1994) : 201-17. Venuti, Lawrence. Rethinking Translation: Discourse, Subjectivity, Ideology. London; New York: Routledge. Venuti, Lawrence. The translator's invisibility: A history of translation. London; New York: Routledge, 2008. Venuti, Lawrence. "Translation as social practice: Or, the violence of translation. " Translation Horizons Beyond the Boundaries of Translation Spectrum [Translation Perspectives IX] (1996): 195-214.