The purpose of this philosophical inquiry was to make a case for the clinical relevance of a Resource-Oriented approach in pediatric oncology music therapy, and then propose a conceptualization of this approach using Rolvsjord's (2010) four characteristic statements of the resource-oriented approach as guiding principles. The characteristics are: (a) the nurturing of strengths, resources, and potential, (b) collaboration rather than intervention, (c) the view of the individual within their context, and (d) the view of music as a health resource. Background information instrumental in the development of this philosophical inquiry was explored and presented. This included a description of the pediatric oncology context, the needs of children with cancer and their families, and salient tenets of the approach. The pediatric oncology music therapy literature was systematically reviewed using the four defining statements of the Resource-Oriented approach to argue its relevance in the pediatric oncology context. The characteristics were first explicated, then used as a lens to explore the four categories of needs (physical, emotional, social, and developmental) of children with cancer and their family. From this critical analysis, parallels between the literature and the resource-oriented approach were identified, while new insights emerged. This philosophical inquiry provides a conceptual framework that may serve as a starting point for those wanting to explore a Resource-Oriented approach and discourse within problem-oriented and/or biomedical contexts.