Electronic cigarettes (e-cig), were created as a “safe” new alternative to conventional cigarettes, and as a 
  smoking cessation tool; however, the efficacy of e-cig as a smoking cessation tool in traditional smokers is 
 still unclear. There is quite a good number of studies about human physiological responses to e-cigarette use;          however, there’s still a lack of information regarding these parameters altogether. Furthermore, there is no
clear data if these parameters respond differently in males and females after acute e-cig smoking. There are studies 
which suggest that there is a different physiological response to smoking traditional cigarettes in males and females which are suggestive of cardiovascular complications being more common in male smokers whereas respiratory complications are prone to develop more in female smokers.

My thesis work focused on examining the acute cardio-respiratory physiological responses to e-cig smoking by reviewing the current literature and exploring sex differences in these physiological responses after active e-cig smoking in young healthy male and female adults. Acute e-cig consumption was associated with significant negative impact on human and female e-cig users and respiratory responses were more significant in females compared to males.