1. 	Sovacool BK (2009) The intermittency of wind, solar, and renewable electricity generators: Technical barrier or rhetorical excuse? Util Policy 17:288–296
2. 	Mason IG, Page SC, Williamson AG (2010) A 100% renewable electricity generation system for New Zealand utilising hydro, wind, geothermal and biomass resources. Energy Policy 38:3973–3984
3. 	Giordano N, Comina C, Mandrone G, Cagni A (2016) Borehole thermal energy storage (BTES). First results from the injection phase of a living lab in Torino (NW Italy). Renew Energy 86:993–1008
4. 	Giordano N, Raymond J (2019) Alternative and sustainable heat production for drinking water needs in a subarctic climate (Nunavik, Canada): Borehole thermal energy storage to reduce fossil fuel dependency in off-grid communities. Appl Energy 252:113463
5. 	Laloui L, Cekerevac C (2003) Thermo-plasticity of clays: an isotropic yield mechanism. Comput Geotech 30:649–660
6. 	Cekerevac C, Laloui L (2004) Experimental study of thermal effects on the mechanical behaviour of a clay. Int J Numer Anal methods Geomech 28:209–228
7. 	Hueckel T, Baldi G (1990) Thermoplasticity of Saturated Clays: Experimental Constitutive Study. J Geotech Eng 116:1778–1796. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9410(1990)116:12(1778)
8. 	Laloui L (2001) Thermo-mechanical behaviour of soils. Rev française génie Civ 5:809–843
9. 	Zhang S, Leng W, Zhang F, Xiong Y (2012) A simple thermo-elastoplastic model for geomaterials. Int J Plast 34:93–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijplas.2012.01.011
10. 	Abu Al-Rub RK, Darabi MK (2012) A thermodynamic framework for constitutive modeling of time- and rate-dependent materials. Part I: Theory. Int J Plast 34:61–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijplas.2012.01.002
11. 	Zhu C, Arson C (2014) A thermo-mechanical damage model for rock stiffness during anisotropic crack opening and closure. Acta Geotech 9:847–867. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-013-0281-0
12. 	Li B, Wong RCK (2017) A mechanistic model for anisotropic thermal strain behavior of soft mudrocks. Eng Geol 228:. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2017.08.008
13. 	Zhang Z (2017) A thermodynamics-based theory for the thermo-poro-mechanical modeling of saturated clay. Int J Plast 92:164–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijplas.2017.03.007
14. 	Brown KM, Saffer DM, Bekins BA (2001) Smectite diagenesis, pore-water freshening, and fluid flow at the toe of the Nankai wedge. Earth Planet Sci Lett 194:97–109
15. 	Colten-Bradley VA (1987) Role of Pressure in Smectite Dehydration - Effects on Geopressure and Smectite-To-Illite Transformation. Am Assoc Pet Geol Bull 71:1414–1427. https://doi.org/10.1306/703c8092-1707-11d7-8645000102c1865d
16. 	Vidal O, Dubacq B (2009) Thermodynamic modelling of clay dehydration, stability and compositional evolution with temperature, pressure and H2O activity. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 73:6544–6564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2009.07.035
17. 	Laloui L, Cekerevac C (2008) Numerical simulation of the non-isothermal mechanical behaviour of soils. Comput Geotech 35:729–745
18. 	Monfared M, Sulem J, Delage P, Mohajerani M (2012) On the THM behaviour of a sheared Boom clay sample: Application to the behaviour and sealing properties of the EDZ. Eng Geol 124:47–58. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2011.10.002
19. 	Laloui L, Modaressi H (2002) Modelling of the thermo-hydro-plastic behaviour of clays. Hydromechanical Thermohydromechanical Behav Deep Argillaceous Rock Sous la Dir Hoteit, Su, Tijani Shao 161–170
20. 	Akrouch GA, Sánchez M, Briaud J-L (2014) Thermo-mechanical behavior of energy piles in high plasticity clays. Acta Geotech 9:399–412
21. 	Laloui L, François B (2009) ACMEG-T: soil thermoplasticity model. J Eng Mech 135:932–944
22. 	Hueckel T, François B, Laloui L (2009) Explaining thermal failure in saturated clays. Géotechnique 59:197–212
23. 	Kuntiwattanakul P, Towhata I, Ohishi K, Seko I (1995) Temperature effects on undrained shear characteristics of clay. Soils Found 35:147–162
24. 	Okada Y, Sassa K, Fukuoka H (2005) Undrained shear behaviour of sands subjected to large shear displacement and estimation of excess pore-pressure generation from drained ring shear tests. Can Geotech J 42:787–803
25. 	Mašín D, Khalili N (2012) A thermo‐mechanical model for variably saturated soils based on hypoplasticity. Int J Numer Anal methods Geomech 36:1461–1485
26. 	Xiao Y, Liu H, Chen Y, Jiang J (2014) Strength and deformation of rockfill material based on large-scale triaxial compression tests. II: Influence of particle breakage. J Geotech Geoenvironmental Eng 140:4014071
27. 	Xiong H, Yin Z, Nicot F (2019) A multiscale work‐analysis approach for geotechnical structures. Int J Numer Anal Methods Geomech 43:1230–1250
28. 	Hashiguchi K (1989) Subloading surface model in unconventional plasticity. Int J Solids Struct 25:917–945
29. 	Hashiguchi K (2017) Foundations of elastoplasticity: subloading surface model. Springer
30. 	Houlsby GT, Puzrin A (2000) A thermomechanical framework for constitutive models for rate-independent dissipative materials. Int J Plast 16:1017–1047
31. 	Cao D, Shi B, Zhu H-H, et al (2019) A field study on the application of distributed temperature sensing technology in thermal response tests for borehole heat exchangers. Bull Eng Geol Environ 78:3901–3915. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-018-1407-2
32. 	Abuel-Naga HM, Bergado DT, Bouazza A (2007) Thermally induced volume change and excess pore water pressure of soft Bangkok clay. Eng Geol 89:144–154
33. 	Baldi G, Hueckel T, Pellegrini R (1988) Thermal volume changes of the mineral–water system in low-porosity clay soils. Can Geotech J 25:807–825
34. 	Chen WZ, Ma YS, Yu HD, et al (2017) Effects of temperature and thermally-induced microstructure change on hydraulic conductivity of Boom Clay. J Rock Mech Geotech Eng 9:383–395. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2017.03.006
35. 	Del Olmo C, Fioravante V, Gera F, et al (1996) Thermomechanical properties of deep argillaceous formations. Eng Geol 41:87–102
36. 	Norouzi E, Moslemzadeh H, Mohammadi S (2019) Maximum entropy based finite element analysis of porous media. Front Struct Civ Eng 13:364–379. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11709-018-0470-x
37. 	Rotta Loria AF, Coulibaly JB (2021) Thermally induced deformation of soils: A critical overview of phenomena, challenges and opportunities. Geomech Energy Environ 25:100193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gete.2020.100193
38. 	Cui YJ, Sultan N, Delage P (2000) A thermomechanical model for saturated clays. Can Geotech J 37:607–620. https://doi.org/10.1139/t99-111
39. 	Hamidi A, Tourchi S, Kardooni F (2017) A critical state based thermo-elasto-plastic constitutive model for structured clays. J Rock Mech Geotech Eng 9:1094–1103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2017.09.002
40. 	Hong PY, Pereira JM, Tang AM, Cui YJ (2013) On some advanced thermo-mechanical models for saturated clays. Int J Numer Anal Methods Geomech 37:2952–2971. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.2170
41. 	Ma C, Hueckel T (1992) Effects of inter-phase mass transfer in heated clays: a mixture theory. Int J Eng Sci 30:1567–1582
42. 	Hueckel T (2002) Reactive plasticity for clays during dehydration and rehydration. Part 1: concepts and options. Int J Plast 18:281–312. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-6419(00)00099-1
43. 	Zhang Z, Cheng X (2017) A fully coupled THM model based on a non‐equilibrium thermodynamic approach and its application. Int J Numer Anal Methods Geomech 41:527–554
44. 	Zymnis DM, Whittle AJ, Cheng X (2019) Simulation of long-term thermo-mechanical response of clay using an advanced constitutive model. Acta Geotech 14:295–311. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-018-0726-6
45. 	Bennett RH, O’Brien NR, Hulbert MH (1991) Determinants of clay and shale microfabric signatures: processes and mechanisms. In: Microstructure of Fine-Grained Sediments: From Mud to Shale. Springer, pp 5–32
46. 	Stçepkowska ET (1990) Aspects of the clay/electrolyte/water system with special reference to the geotechnical properties of clays. Eng Geol 28:249–267
47. 	Colten-Bradley VA (1987) Role of pressure in smectite dehydration—Effects on geopressure and smectite-to-illite transformation. Am Assoc Pet Geol Bull 71:1414–1427
48. 	Hüpers A, Kopf AJ (2009) The thermal influence on the consolidation state of underthrust sediments from the Nankai margin and its implications for excess pore pressure. Earth Planet Sci Lett 286:324–332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2009.05.047
49. 	Di Donna A, Laloui L (2015) Response of soil subjected to thermal cyclic loading: Experimental and constitutive study. Eng Geol 190:65–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2015.03.003
50. 	Bekele YW, Kyokawa H, Kvarving AM, et al (2017) Computers and Geotechnics Isogeometric analysis of THM coupled processes in ground freezing. Comput Geotech 88:129–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2017.02.020
51. 	Gray WG, Miller CT (2005) Thermodynamically constrained averaging theory approach for modeling flow and transport phenomena in porous medium systems: 1. Motivation and overview. Adv Water Resour 28:161–180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2004.09.005
52. 	Lewis RW, Roberts PJ, Schrefler BA (1989) Finite element modelling of two-phase heat and fluid flow in deforming porous media. Transp Porous Media 4:319–334. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00165778
53. 	Hueckel T, Peano A, Pellegrini R (1994) A thermo-plastic constitutive law for brittle-plastic behavior of rocks at high temperatures. Pure Appl Geophys PAGEOPH 143:483–510. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00874339
54. 	Loria AFR, Coulibaly JB (2021) Thermally induced deformation of soils: A critical overview of phenomena, challenges and opportunities. Geomech Energy Environ 25:100193
55. 	Brown KM, Ransom B (1996) Porosity corrections for smectite-rich sediments: Impact on studies of compaction, fluid generation, and tectonic history. Geology 24:843–846
56. 	Saffer DM, McKiernan AW (2009) Evaluation of in situ smectite dehydration as a pore water freshening mechanism in the nankai trough, offshore southwest Japan. Geochemistry, Geophys Geosystems 10:1–24. https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GC002226
57. 	Ma C, Hueckel T (1993) Thermomechanical effects on adsorbed water in clays around a heat source. Int J Numer Anal methods Geomech 17:175–196
58. 	Li B, Wong RCK (2016) Quantifying structural states of soft mudrocks. J Geophys Res Solid Earth 121:. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JB012454
59. 	Sojoudi M, Li B (2023) A thermodynamic-based model for modeling thermo-elastoplastic behaviors of saturated clayey soils considering bound water dehydration. J Rock Mech Geotech Eng 15:1535–1546
60. 	Zymnis DM, Whittle AJ, Germaine JT (2018) Measurement of temperature-dependent bound water in clays. Geotech Test J 42:232–244. https://doi.org/10.1520/GTJ20170012
61. 	Diersch H-J, Kolditz O (1998) Coupled groundwater flow and transport: 2. Thermohaline and 3D convection systems. Adv Water Resour 21:401–425
62. 	Brooks AN, Hughes TJR (1982) Streamline upwind/Petrov-Galerkin formulations for convection dominated flows with particular emphasis on the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng 32:199–259
63. 	(2019) Electricity Information 2019. Int. Energy Agency.
64. 	Armstrong R, Chiang YM, Gruenspecht H, et al (2022) The Future of Energy Storage—An Interdisciplinary MIT Study
65. 	Jacobson MZ, Delucchi MA, Cameron MA, Frew BA (2015) Low-cost solution to the grid reliability problem with 100% penetration of intermittent wind, water, and solar for all purposes. Proc Natl Acad Sci 112:15060–15065
66. 	Lanahan M, Tabares-Velasco PC (2017) Seasonal thermal-energy storage: A critical review on BTES systems, modeling, and system design for higher system efficiency. Energies 10:743
67. 	Rad FM, Fung AS (2016) Solar community heating and cooling system with borehole thermal energy storage–Review of systems. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 60:1550–1561
68. 	Zhang L, Xu P, Mao J, et al (2015) A low cost seasonal solar soil heat storage system for greenhouse heating: Design and pilot study. Appl Energy 156:213–222
69. 	Sibbitt B, McClenahan D, Djebbar R, et al (2012) The performance of a high solar fraction seasonal storage district heating system–five years of operation. Energy Procedia 30:856–865
70. 	Dincer I, Rosen MA (2021) Thermal energy storage: systems and applications. John Wiley & Sons
71. 	Kalaiselvam S, Parameshwaran R (2014) Thermal energy storage technologies for sustainability: systems design, assessment and applications. Elsevier
72. 	Xu J, Wang RZ, Li Y (2014) A review of available technologies for seasonal thermal energy storage. Sol energy 103:610–638
73. 	Rad FM, Fung AS, Leong WH (2013) Feasibility of combined solar thermal and ground source heat pump systems in cold climate, Canada. Energy Build 61:224–232
74. 	Zeng HY, Diao NR, Fang ZH (2002) A finite line‐source model for boreholes in geothermal heat exchangers. Heat Transf Res Co‐sponsored by Soc Chem Eng Japan Heat Transf Div ASME 31:558–567
75. 	de Paly M, Hecht-Méndez J, Beck M, et al (2012) Optimization of energy extraction for closed shallow geothermal systems using linear programming. Geothermics 43:57–65
76. 	Bayer P, de Paly M, Beck M (2014) Strategic optimization of borehole heat exchanger field for seasonal geothermal heating and cooling. Appl Energy 136:445–453
77. 	Zhang F, An M, Zhang L, et al (2019) The role of mineral composition on the frictional and stability properties of powdered reservoir rocks. J Geophys Res Solid Earth 124:1480–1497
78. 	An M, Zhang F, Elsworth D, et al (2020) Friction of Longmaxi Shale Gouges and Implications for Seismicity During Hydraulic Fracturing. J Geophys Res Solid Earth 125:e2020JB019885. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JB019885
79. 	An M, Zhang F, Min K, et al (2021) The potential for low‐grade metamorphism to facilitate fault instability in a geothermal reservoir. Geophys Res Lett 48:e2021GL093552
80. 	Hueckel TA (1992) Water–mineral interaction in hygromechanics of clays exposed to environmental loads: a mixture-theory approach. Can Geotech J 29:1071–1086
81. 	Zhang Z, Cheng X (2017) A fully coupled THM model based on a non-equilibrium thermodynamic approach and its application. Int J Numer Anal Methods Geomech 41:527–554. https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.2569
82. 	Tolman RC, Fine PC (1948) On the irreversible production of entropy. Rev Mod Phys 20:51
83. 	Jacquey AB, Regenauer-Lieb K (2021) Thermomechanics for geological, civil engineering and geodynamic applications: rate-dependent critical state line models. Rock Mech Rock Eng 54:5355–5373
84. 	Houlsby GT, Puzrin AM (2006) Thermodynamics of porous continua. Springer
85. 	Voyiadjis GZ, Abu Al-Rub RK (2003) Thermodynamic based model for the evolution equation of the backstress in cyclic plasticity. Int J Plast 19:2121–2147. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-6419(03)00062-7
86. 	Darabi MK, Al-rub RKA, Masad EA (2012) Thermodynamic-based model for coupling temperature-dependent viscoelastic , viscoplastic , and viscodamage constitutive behavior of asphalt mixtures. 817–854. https://doi.org/10.1002/nag
87. 	Simo JC (1998) Numerical analysis and simulation of plasticity. Handb Numer Anal 6:183–499
88. 	Hashiguchi K, Saitoh K, Okayasu T, Tsutsumi S (2002) Evaluation of typical conventional and unconventional plasticity models for prediction of softening behaviour of soils. Géotechnique 52:561–578. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.52.8.561.38829
89. 	Ghasemzadeh H, Ghoreishian Amiri SA (2013) A hydro-mechanical elastoplastic model for unsaturated soils under isotropic loading conditions. Comput Geotech 51:91–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2013.02.006
90. 	Ghasemzadeh H, Sojoudi MH, Ghoreishian Amiri SA, Karami MH (2017) Elastoplastic model for hydro-mechanical behavior of unsaturated soils. Soils Found 57:. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sandf.2017.05.005
91. 	Samat S, Brochard L, Stefanou I (2020) Magnitude of latent heat in thermally loaded clays. Int J Numer Anal Methods Geomech 44:1926–1957. https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.3114
92. 	Bish DL (1988) Smectite dehydration and stability: Applications to radioactive waste isolation at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Los Alamos National Lab.
93. 	Lamb S (2002) CASTI handbook of stainless steels and nickel alloys. 2
94. 	Abuel-Naga HM (2006) Thermo-mechanical behavior of soft Bangkok clay: experimental results and constitutive modeling. D Eng Diss
95. 	Ichikawa Y, Selvadurai APS (2012) Transport phenomena in porous media: Aspects of micro/macro behaviour. Springer Science & Business Media
96. 	Li B, Wong RCK, Heidari S (2018) A modified Kozeny-Carman model for estimating anisotropic permeability of soft mudrocks. Mar Pet Geol. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2018.08.034
97. 	Di Donna A, Charrier P, Dijkstra J, et al (2022) The contribution of swelling to self-sealing of claystone studied through x-ray tomography. Phys Chem Earth, Parts A/B/C 127:103191
98. 	Cariou S, Dormieux L, Skoczylas F (2013) An original constitutive law for Callovo-Oxfordian argillite, a two-scale double-porosity material. Appl Clay Sci 80:18–30
99. 	Tremosa J, Gailhanou H, Chiaberge C, et al (2020) Effects of smectite dehydration and illitisation on overpressures in sedimentary basins: A coupled chemical and thermo-hydro-mechanical modelling approach. Mar Pet Geol 111:166–178
100. 	Yao C, Wei C, Ma T, et al (2021) Experimental investigation on the influence of thermochemical effect on the pore–water status in expansive soil. Int J Geomech 21:4021080
101. 	Cacace M, Jacquey AB (2017) Flexible parallel implicit modelling of coupled thermal-hydraulic-mechanical processes in fractured rocks. Solid Earth 8:921–941. https://doi.org/10.5194/se-8-921-2017
102. 	Semnani SJ, White JA, Borja RI (2016) Thermoplasticity and strain localization in transversely isotropic materials based on anisotropic critical state plasticity. Int J Numer Anal Methods Geomech 40:2423–2449
103. 	Mitchell JK, Soga K (2005) Fundamentals of soil behavior. John Wiley & Sons New York
104. 	Kawaragi Y, Okamura K (2017) Application of Subloading Surface Model to Heat Treatment Simulation Based on Explicit Finite Element Method. In: Key Engineering Materials. Trans Tech Publ, pp 287–292
105. 	Lewis and Schrefler (1996) The Finite Element Method in the Static and Dynamic Deformation and Consolidation of Porous Media
106. 	Samimi S, Pak A (2016) A three-dimensional mesh-free model for analyzing multi-phase flow in deforming porous media. Meccanica 51:517–536. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11012-015-0231-z
107. 	Galeao AC, Almeida RC, Malta SMC, Loula AFD (2004) Finite element analysis of convection dominated reaction–diffusion problems. Appl Numer Math 48:205–222
108. 	Delage P, Sultan N, Cui YJ (2000) On the thermal consolidation of Boom clay. Can Geotech J 37:343–354
109. 	Gunawan E, Giordano N, Jensson P, et al (2020) Alternative heating systems for northern remote communities: Techno-economic analysis of ground-coupled heat pumps in Kuujjuaq, Nunavik, Canada. Renew Energy 147:1540–1553
110. 	Wang Y, Liu X, Li C, et al (2021) Experimental study on thermal deformation of ground heat exchanger pipe. Sustain Energy Technol Assessments 45:101190. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2021.101190
111. 	Vidal R, Olivella S, Saaltink MW, Diaz-Maurin F (2022) Heat storage efficiency, ground surface uplift and thermo-hydro-mechanical phenomena for high-temperature aquifer thermal energy storage. Geotherm Energy 10:23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40517-022-00233-3
112. 	Gabrielsson A, Bergdahl U, Moritz L (2000) Thermal energy storage in soils at temperatures reaching 90 C. J Sol Energy Eng 122:3–8
113. 	Laloui L, Sutman M (2023) Energy geotechnology: A new era for geotechnical engineering practice. In: Smart Geotechnics for Smart Societies. CRC Press, pp 45–61
114. 	Rotta Loria AF, Ravera E, Laloui L (2023) Thermo-hydro-mechanical behavior of energy barrettes: Field experiments and numerical simulations. Geomech Energy Environ 34:100451. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gete.2023.100451
115. 	Ding X, Zhang D, Bouazza A, et al (2022) Thermo-mechanical behaviour of energy piles in overconsolidated clay under various mechanical loading levels and thermal cycles. Renew Energy 201:594–607
116. 	Faizal M, Bouazza A, Singh RM (2016) An experimental investigation of the influence of intermittent and continuous operating modes on the thermal behaviour of a full scale geothermal energy pile. Geomech Energy Environ 8:8–29. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gete.2016.08.001
117. 	Giordano N, Kanzari I, Miranda MM, et al (2017) Shallow geothermal resource assessments for the northern community of Kuujjuaq, Québec, Canada. In: Proceedings of the IGCP636 Annual Meeting, Santiago de Chile, Chile. pp 1–3
118. 	Miranda MM, Velez Márquez MI, Raymond J, Dezayes C (2021) A numerical approach to infer terrestrial heat flux from shallow temperature profiles in remote northern regions. Geothermics 93:102064. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2021.102064
119. 	Ren Z (2022) Numerical modeling of thermally induced ground deformations around potential geothermal energy storage wells in northern Quebec