Login | Register

Not Sacred, Not Squaws: Indigenous Feminism Redefined

Title:

Not Sacred, Not Squaws: Indigenous Feminism Redefined

Smiley, Cherry (2022) Not Sacred, Not Squaws: Indigenous Feminism Redefined. PhD thesis, Concordia University.

[thumbnail of Smiley_PhD_S2022.pdf]
Text (application/pdf)
Smiley_PhD_S2022.pdf - Accepted Version
Restricted to Repository staff only until 1 May 2024.
Available under License Spectrum Terms of Access.
6MB

Abstract

Building on the work of second-wave radical feminist theorists from fields such as communication studies, sociology, history, and women’s studies; on the work of community-based and grassroots radical feminist theorists and activists; and by examining prostitution and the responses to this form of male violence against women, this dissertation proposes a female-centered theory of colonization and subsequently of decolonizing feminism. Incorporating first-hand prostitution research done in New Zealand and across Canada and by questioning my own uncritical acceptance of the historical social and political status of Indigenous women in Canada, critically looking at the roles of culture and tradition in the oppression of Indigenous women, and by building a decolonizing feminist methodology in the process, this work troubles the very concepts of “colonization” and “feminism” as we currently understand them. Building on over a decade of work as part of the women’s liberation movement, Not Sacred, Not Squaws redefines colonization and situates decolonizing feminism as a distinct and foundational— as opposed to separate and different— component of the women’s liberation movement.

Divisions:Concordia University > Faculty of Arts and Science > Communication Studies
Item Type:Thesis (PhD)
Authors:Smiley, Cherry
Institution:Concordia University
Degree Name:Ph. D.
Program:Communication
Date:15 April 2022
Thesis Supervisor(s):Gagnon, Monika
Keywords:feminism; Indigenous; women; sex work; prostitution; mmiwg
ID Code:990510
Deposited By: Cherryl Smiley
Deposited On:16 Jun 2022 15:24
Last Modified:16 Jun 2022 15:24

References:

Abel, G. (2011). Different stage, different performance: The protective strategy of role play on emotional health in sex work. Social Science & Medicine, 72(7), 1177–1184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.01.021
Abel, G. (2019). The problem with sex work policies. Archives of Sexual Behavior: The Official Publication of the International Academy of Sex Research, 48(7), 1925–1929. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-018-1366-5
Acoose, J. (1995). Iskwewak kah'ki yaw ni wahkomakanak: Neither Indian princesses nor easy squaws. Women’s Press.
ajik. (2022, January 4). 31st annual women’s memorial march. Feb 14th Annual Womens Memorial March: Their Spirits Live Within Us. https://womensmemorialmarch.wordpress.com/
Altamirano-Jiménez, I. (2012). Indigeneity and transnational routes and roads in North America. In J. Castro-Rea (Ed.), Our North America: From Turtle Island to the security and prosperity partnership (pp. 35-48). Ashgate Publishing Ltd.
Anderson, K. (2000). A recognition of being: Reconstructing native womanhood. Sumach Press.
Anderson, K. (2011). Affirmations of an Indigenous feminist. In C. Suzack, S. M. Huhndorf, J. Perreault & J. Barman (Eds.), Indigenous women and feminism: Politics, activism, culture (pp. 81-91). UBC Press.
Anderson, K. (2016). A recognition of being: Reconstructing native womanhood (2nd Ed.). Women’s Press of Canada.
Anderson, K., & Lavell-Harvard, D. M. (Eds.). (2014). Mothers of the nations: Indigenous mothering as global resistance, reclaiming and recovery. Demeter Press.
Anderson, K., Campbell, M. & Belcourt, C. (Eds.). (2018). Keetsahnak: Our missing and murdered Indigenous sisters. University of Alberta Press.
Armstrong, L. (1990). Making an issue of incest. In D. Leidholdt & J. Raymond (Eds.), The sexual liberals and the attack on feminism (pp. 43-55). Pergamon Press.
Armstrong, J. (1996). Invocation: The real power of Aboriginal women. In C. Miller & P. Chuchryk (Eds.), Women of the First Nations: Power, wisdom, and strength (pp. x-xii). University of Manitoba Press.
Armstrong, L. (2014). Screening clients in a decriminalised street-based sex industry: Insights into the experiences of New Zealand sex workers. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Criminology, 47(2), 207-222.
Armstrong, L. (2020). Decriminalisation of sex work in the post-truth era? Strategic storytelling in neo-abolitionist accounts of the New Zealand model. Criminology & Criminal Justice, 00(0), 1-18.
Arvin, M., Tuck, E., & Morrill, A. (2013). Decolonizing feminism: Challenging connections between settler colonialism and heteropatriarchy. Feminist Formations, 25(1), 8-34.
Backhouse, C. (1985). Nineteenth-century Canadian prostitution law reflection of a discriminatory society. Histoire Sociale-Social History, 18(36), 387-423.
Barry, K. (1979). Female sexual slavery. New York University Press.
Barry, K. (1995). The prostitution of sexuality. New York University Press.
Bart, P. (1996). The banned professor: Or how radical feminism saved me from men trapped in men’s bodies and female impersonators, with a little help from my friends. In D. Bell & R. Klein, (Eds.), Radically speaking: Feminism reclaimed (pp. 262-274). Zed Books.
Bastarache, M. (2020). Broken dreams broken lives: The devastating effects of sexual harassment on women in the RCMP. Final Report on the Implementation of the Merlo-Davidson Settlement Agreement. https://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/wam/media/4773/original/8032a32ad5dd014db5b135ce3753934d.pdf
Bear, S. (2007). Culturing politics and politicizing culture. In J. Green (Ed.), Making space for Indigenous feminism (pp. 199-215). Fernwood Publishing.
Belcourt, B. & Nixon, L. (2018, May 23). What do we mean by queer Indigenous ethics?. Canadian Art. https://canadianart.ca/features/what-do-we-mean-by-queerindigenousethics/
Belich, J. (1996). Making peoples: A history of the New Zealanders, from Polynesian settlement to the end of the nineteenth century. Penguin Random House New Zealand Limited.
Bellrichard, C. (2020, December 9) AFN resolution calling for probe into gender-based discrimination sparks heated debate. CBC News. https://www.cbc.ca/news/indigenous/afn-gender-discrimination-probe-resolution-1.5835295
Bell, R. & McConnell, R. (2016, July 27). Edmonton kids sold as sex workers, as teen prostitution becomes more common. CBC News. http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/edmonton-kids-sold-as-sex-workers-as-teen-prostitution-becomes-more-common-1.3698129

Bell, D., & Nelson, T.N. (1989). Speaking about rape is everyone's business. Womens Studies International Forum, 12, 403-416.
Bell, D. & Klein, R. (1996). Beware: Radical feminists speak, read, write, organise, enjoy life, and never forget. In D. Bell & R. Klein, (Eds.), Radically speaking: Feminism reclaimed (pp. xvii-xxx). Zed Books.
Benedet, J. (2013). Marital rape, polygamy, and prostitution: Trading sex equality for agency and choice?. Review of Constitutional Studies/Revue d’etudes constitutionnelles, 18(2), 161-188.
Benedet, J. (2018). Professor Janine Benedet (Professor of Law, Peter A. Allard School of Law, University of British Columbia, as an Individual) at the Justice and Human Rights Committee. Open Parliament, Government of Canada. https://openparliament.ca/committees/justice/42-1/97/professor-janine-benedet-1/only/
Benoit, C., Maurice, R., Abel, G., Smith, M., Jansson, M., Healey, P., & Magnuson, D. (2020). ‘I dodged the stigma bullet’: Canadian sex workers’ situated responses to occupational stigma. Culture, Health & Sexuality, 22(1), 81–95. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691058.2019.1576226
Bindel, J. (2017, October 11). Why prostitution should never be legalized. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/oct/11/prostitution-legalised-sex-trade-pimps-women
Bindel, J. (2019). The pimping of prostitution: Abolishing the sex work myth. Palgrave Macmillan.
Blaney, F. (1996). Backing out of hell. In B. L. Brown (Ed.), Bringing it home: Women talk about feminism in their lives (pp. 19-33). Arsenal Pulp Press.
Bourgeois, R. (2018a). Generations of genocide: The historical and sociological context of missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls. In K. Anderson, M. Campbell & C. Belcourt (Eds.), Keetsahnak/Our missing and murdered Indigenous sisters (pp. 65-88). University of Alberta Press.
Bourgeois, R. (2018b). Race, space, and prostitution: The making of settler colonial Canada. Canadian Journal of Women and the Law, 30(3), 371-397.
Bowles, G. & Klein, R. (Eds.). (1983). Theories of women’s studies. Routledge.
Brennan, S. (2011). Violent victimization of Aboriginal women in the Canadian provinces, 2009. Statistics Canada. http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/85-002-x/2011001/article/11439-eng.pdf
British Columbia Representative for Children and Youth. (2016). Too many victims: Sexualized violence in the lives of children and youth in care.https://www.rcybc.ca/sites/default/files/documents/pdf/reports_publications/rcy_too
manyvictimsfinal.pdf

Brodsky, G. (2016). Indian act sex discrimination: Enough inquiry already, just fix it. Canadian Journal of Women and the Law, 28(2), 314-320.

Brownmiller, S. (1973). Speaking out on prostitution. In A. Koedt, E. Levine, & A. Rapone (Eds.), Radical feminism (pp. 72-77).
Brunton, C., Fitzgerald, L., Healy, C., & Abel, G. (Eds.). (2010). Taking the crime out of sex work: New Zealand sex workers' fight for decriminalisation. Policy Press.
Burns (2020). Reclaiming Indigenous sexual being: Sovereignty and decolonization through sexuality. The Arbutus Review, 11(1), 28-38.
Butler, J. (2006). Gender trouble: Feminism and the subversion of identity (Ser. Routledge classics). Routledge.
Canadian Femicide Observatory for Justice and Accountability. (2018). 106 women and girls killed by violence: Eight-month report by the Canadian femicide observatory for justice and accountability. Canadian Femicide Observatory. https://femicideincanada.ca/sites/default/files/2018-09/CFOJA%20FINAL%20REPORT%20ENG%20V3.pdf
Carleton, S. (2021) ‘I don’t need any more education’: Senator Lynn Beyak, residential school denialism, and attacks on truth and reconciliation in Canada. Settler Colonial Studies, DOI: 10.1080/2201473X.2021.1935574
Carlson, K.B. (2015, May 15). More than a tragic headline: Cindy Gladue dreamt of a happy life. The Globe and Mail. https://beta.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/the-death-and-life-of-cindy-gladue/article24455472/

Carter, S. (1997). Capturing women: The manipulation of cultural imagery in Canada’s prairie west. McGill-Queen’s University Press.
Carter, V. (2004). Prostitution and the new slavery. In R. Whisnant and C. Stark (Eds.), Not for sale: Feminists resisting prostitution and pornography (pp. 85-88). Spinifex Press.
Carter, V., & Giobbe, E. (1999). Duet: Prostitution, racism and feminist discourse. Hastings Women's Law Journal, 10(1), 37–57.

CBC News. (2010, October 14). ‘Micro-brothels’ used to hold child sex workers. CBC News. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/micro-brothels-used-to-hold-child-sex-workers-1.879994
CBC News, (2018, March 8). ‘We need to do something’: Stepping Stone seeks to help youth in sex trade. CBC News. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/we-need-to-do-something-stepping-stone-seeks-to-help-youth-in-sex-trade-1.4567707
Clarke, A., Din, R., & National Film Board of Canada (Montreal). (2013). Buying sex. National Film Board of Canada.
Cler-Cunningham, L.C., & Christensen, C. (2001). Violence against women in Vancouver’s street level sex trade and the police response. PACE Society.
Comack, E. (2018). Corporate colonialism and the “crimes of the powerful” committed against the Indigenous peoples of Canada. Critical Criminology, 26(1), 455-471.
Conseil du statut de la femme (2002). La prostitution: Profession ou exploitation? Une réflexion à poursuivre. https://www.csf.gouv.qc.ca/wp-content/uploads/resume-etude-la-prostitution-profession-ou-exploitation.pdf
Coy, M., Wakeling, J., & Garner, M. (2011). Selling sex sells: Representations of prostitution and the sex industry in sexualised popular culture as symbolic violence. Women's Studies International Forum, 34(5), 441–448. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wsif.2011.05.008
Coy, M., Smiley, C., & Tyler, M. (2019). Challenging the “prostitution problem”: Dissenting voices, sex buyers, and the myth of neutrality in prostitution research. Archives of Sexual Behavior: The Official Publication of the International Academy of Sex Research, 48(7), 1931–1935. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-018-1381-6
Crenshaw, K. (1991). Mapping the margins: intersectionality, identity politics, and violence against women of color. Stanford Law Review, 43(6), 1241–1299.
Crago, A., Bruckert, C., Braschel, M., & Shannon, K. (2021). Sex workers’ access to police assistance in safety emergencies and means of escape from situations of violence and confnement under an “end demand” criminalization model: A fve city study in Canada. Social Sciences, 10(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3390/ socsci10010013
Crosby, M. (2002). The construction of the imaginary indian. In J. Giltrow (Ed.), Academic reading: Reading and writing across the disciplines (2nd Ed., pp. 488-492). Broadview Press.
CTV Vancouver. (2016, October 8). Push to include men in missing and murdered Indigenous inquiry.” CTV News Vancouver. https://bc.ctvnews.ca/push-to-include-men-in-missing-and-murdered-indigenous-inquiry-1.3108063

Daly, M. (1985). Beyond god the father: Toward a philosophy of women’s liberation. Beacon Press.
Davis, M. (2017). Deploying and disputing Aboriginal feminism in Australia. In J. Green (Ed.), Making space for Indigenous feminism (2nd Ed., pp. 146-165). Fernwood Publishing.
de Beauvoir, S. (2011). The second sex (C. Borde & S. Malovany-Chevallier, Trans.). Vintage.
De Leeuw, S. (2016). Tender grounds: Intimate visceral violence and British Columbia’s colonial geographies. Political Geography, 52, 14–23.

Dines, G. (2010). Pornland: How porn has hijacked our sexuality. Beacon Press.
Doe, J. (2013). Are feminists leaving women behind? The casting of sexually assaulted and sex-working women. In E. van der Meulen, E.M. Durisin & V. Love (Eds.), Selling sex: Experience, advocacy, and research on sex work in Canada (pp. 181-197). UBC Press.
Donne, T.E. (1927). The Māori - Past and present. Seeley Service & Co. Limited.
Driskill, Q.-L. (Ed.). (2011). Queer indigenous studies: Critical interventions in theory, politics, and literature. University of Arizona Press.
Du Plessis, R., & Bunkle, P. (1993). Feminist voices: Women’s studies texts for Aotearoa/New Zealand. Oxford University Press.
Dworkin, A. (1974). Woman hating. Penguin Books.
Dworkin, A. (1993). Prostitution and male supremacy. Michigan Journal of Gender & Law, 1(1), 1-12.
Dworkin, A. (1996). Dworkin on Dworkin. In D. Bell & R. Klein (Eds.), Radically speaking: Feminism reclaimed (pp. 203-217). Zed Books.
Dworkin, A. (1997). Women in the public domain: sexual harassment and date rape. In A. Dworkin (Ed.), Life and death: Unapologetic writings on the continuing war against women (pp. 196-216). Free Press.
Eberts, M. (2017). Being an Indigenous woman is a “high-risk lifestyle”. In J. Green (Ed.), Making space for Indigenous feminism (2nd Ed., pp. 69-93). Fernwood Publishing.
EPCAT Child Alert. (2018). Sexual exploitation of children in New Zealand. https://uprdoc.ohchr.org/uprweb/downloadfile.aspx?filename=5966&file=EnglishTranslation
EPCAT. (n.d.). Stop sex trafficking of children and young people. https://www.ecpat.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/Factsheet_New%20Zealand.pdf
Farley, M. (2006). Prostitution, trafficking, and cultural amnesia: What we must not know in order to keep the business of sexual exploitation running smoothly. Yale Journal of Law and Feminism, 18, 109–144.
Farley, M. (2009). Theory versus reality: Commentary on four articles about trafficking for prostitution. Women's Studies International Forum, 32(4), 311–315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wsif.2009.07.001
Farley, M., Cotton, A., Lynne, J., Zumbeck, S., Spiwak, F., Reyes, M., Alvarez, D., & Sezgin, U. (2003). Prostitution and trafficking in nine countries: An update on violence and posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Trauma Practice, 2(3/4), 33–74.
Farley, M. P. D., Cotton, A. P. D., Lynne, J. M. S. W., Zumbeck, S. P. D., Spiwak, F. P. D., Reyes, M. E. P. D., Alvarez, D. B. A., & Sezgin, U. P. D. (2004). Prostitution and trafficking in nine countries. Journal of Trauma Practice, 2(3-4), 33–74. https://doi.org/10.1300/J189v02n03_03
Farley, M., Lynne, J., & Cotton, A.J. (2005). Prostitution in Vancouver: Violence and the colonization of First Nations women. Transcultural Psychiatry, 42(2), 242-271.
Farley, M., Bindel, J., & Golding, J.M. (2009). Men who buy sex: Who they buy and what they know. Eaves and Prostitution Research & Action. https://documentation.lastradainternational.org/lsidocs/Mensex.pdf
Feith, J. (2016, June 8). Montreal Grand Prix: Local teens recruited to work in sex trade, experts say. Montreal Gazette. http://montrealgazette.com/news/montreal-grand-prix-local-teens-recruited-to-work-in-sex-trade-experts-say.

Ferguson, M.L. (2010). Choice feminism and the fear of politics. Symposium: Women’s Choices and the Future of Feminism, 8(1), 247-253.
Frye, M. (1983). Politics of reality: Essays in feminist theory. Crossing Press.
Gauthier, J. L. (2010). Dismantling the master's house: The feminist fourth cinema documentaries of Alanis Obomsawin and Loretta Todd. Post Script, 29(3), 27–43.
Gender Spectrum. n.d. Understanding gender. Gender Spectrum.
https://www.genderspectrum.org/quick-links/understanding-gender/

Gordan, L. (1979). The struggle for reproductive freedom: three stages of feminism. In Z. R. Eisenstein (Ed.), Capitalist patriarchy and the case for socialist feminism (pp. 107-136). Monthly Review Press.
Gorkoff, K. and Runner, J. (2003). Introduction: Children and youth exploited through prostitution. In K. Gorkoff and J. Runner (Eds.), Being heard: The experiences of young women in prostitution (pp. 12–27). Fernwood Publishing.

Graca, M., Goncalves, M., & Martins, A. (2018). Action research with street-based sex workers and an outreach team: A co-authored case study. Action Research, 16(3), 251–279. https://doi.org/10.1177/1476750316685877
Graham, E. (2014). More than condoms and sandwiches: A feminist investigation of the contradictory promises of harm reduction approaches to prostitution [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. University of British Columbia.
Green, R. (1975). The Pocahontas perplex: The image of Indian women in American culture. The Massachusetts Review, 16(4), 698–714.
Green, J. (Ed.). (2007). Making space for Indigenous feminism. Fernwood Publishing.
Green, J. (Ed.). (2017). Making space for Indigenous feminism (2nd Ed.). Fernwood Publishing.
Greer, G. (2008). On rage. Melbourne University Press.
Grey, S. (2004). Decolonising feminism: Aboriginal women and the global ‘sisterhood’. Enweyin 8, 9-22.
Hanisch, C. (2000). The personal is political. In B. A. Crowe (Ed.), Radical feminism: A documentary reader (pp. 113-116). New York University Press.
Healy, C., Wi-Hongi, A., & Hati, C. (2017). It’s work, it’s working: The integration of sex workers and sex work in Aotearoa/New Zealand. Women’s Studies Journal, 31(2), 50-60.
Hargreaves, A. (2017). Violence against Indigenous women: Literature, activism, resistance. Wilfrid Laurier University Press.
Henne, K., & Moseley, D. (2005). Child sex workers. Human Rights, 32(1), 14-21.
Hill Collins, P. (1985). Learning from the outsider within: The sociological significance of black feminist thought. Social Problems, 33(6), S14-S32.
Hill Collins, P. (1990). Black feminist thought: Knowledge, consciousness, and the politics of empowerment. Routledge.
hooks, b. (1986). Sisterhood: political solidarity between women. Feminist Review, 23(1), 125–138. https://doi.org/10.1057/fr.1986.25
House, T. (2016, February 22). Families outraged over serial killer Pickton’s memoir. APTN National News. https://www.aptnnews.ca/national-news/families-outraged-over-serial-killer-picktons-memoir/
House, T. (2021, May 31). ‘It was horrid’: Survivor tells APTN News about loss and fear at Kamloops residential school. APTN National News. https://www.aptnnews.ca/national-news/it-was-horrid-survivor-tells-aptn-news-about-loss-and-fear-at-kamloops-residential-school/
Howe, A. (2009). Addressing child sexual assault in Australian Aboriginal communities— The politics of white voice. Australian Feminist Law Journal, 30(1), 41-61.
Huggins, J., Willmot, J., Tarrago, I, Willetts, K., Bond, L., Holt, L., Bourke, E., Bin-Salik, M., Fowell, P., Schmider, J., Craigie, V., Mcbride-Levi, L. (1991). Letter to the editor. Women’s Studies International Forum, 14(5), 506-507.
Huhndorf, S. M. & Suzack, C. (2011). Indigenous feminism: Theorizing the issues. In C. Suzack, S.M. Huhndorf, J. Perreault & J. Barman (Eds.), Indigenous women and feminism: Politics, activism, culture (pp. 1-20). UBC Press.
Hunt, S., & Holmes, C. (2015). Everyday decolonization: Living a decolonizing queer politics. Journal of Lesbian Studies, 19(2), 154–72. https://doi.org/10.1080/10894160.2015.970975
Hunt, S. (2016). An introduction to the health of two-spirit people: Historical, contemporary and emergent issues. National Collaboration Centre for Aboriginal Health. https://issuu.com/nccah-ccnsa/docs/rpt-healthtwospirit-hunt-en
Hunter, R. (1996). Deconstructing the subjects of feminism: The essentialism debate in feminist theory and practice. Australian Feminist Law Journal, 6, 135-163.
Huntley, A. (2015). Details. 10th Annual Strawberry Ceremony for Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls. https://www.facebook.com/events/703866506400035/?active_tab=discussion
Huncar, A. (2016a, March 4). Edmonton-area First nation chief charged with sexual assault. CBC News. Retrieved from http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/edmonton-area-first-nation-chief-charged-with-sexual-assault-1.3476757
Huncar, A. (2016b, September 14). Election results quashed at Alexander First Nation reserve. CBC News. Retrieved from http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/alexander-first-nation-reserve-election-1.4288977
Hunt, S. (2013). Decolonizing sex work: Developing an intersectional Indigenous approach. In E. van der Meulen, E.M. Durisin & V. Love (Eds.), Selling sex: Experience, advocacy, and research on sex work in Canada (pp. 82-100). UBC Press.
Innes, R. A. (2015). Moose on the loose: Indigenous men, violence, and the colonial excuse. Aboriginal Policy Studies, 4(1), 46-56.
Iseke, J. M. (2011). Indigenous digital storytelling in video: Witnessing with Alma Desjarlais. Equity and Excellence in Education, 44(3), 311–329. https://doi.org/10.1080/10665684.2011.591685
It’s called garbage can, not garbage cannot [Digital image]. (2018). https://www.reddit.com/r/PacificCrestTrail/comments/a2si6s/its_called_garbage_can_not_garbage_cannot/
Jagger, A. M. (2004). Feminist politics and epistemology: The standpoint of women. In S. Harding (Ed.), The feminist standpoint theory reader: Intellectual and political controversies (pp. 55-66). Routledge.
Jeffreys, S. (1997). The idea of prostitution. Spinifex Press.
Jeffreys, S. (2003). The legalization of prostitution: A failed social experiment. antiprostitutie.ro. https://www.antiprostitutie.ro/docs/Legalisation.of.Prostitution.a.failed.social.experiment.pdf
Jeffreys, S. (2003). Unpacking queer politics: A lesbian feminist perspective. Polity Press.
Jeffreys, S. (2014). Gender hurts: A feminist analysis of the politics of transgenderism. Routledge.

Jiwani, Y. & Young, M.L. (2006). Missing and murdered women: Reproducing marginality in news discourse. Canadian Journal of Communications Special issue on Sexuality, 31(4), 895-917.

Jones, A. (2015). For a gender-inclusive inquiry into murdered and missing Aboriginal
Canadians. Change.org. https://www.change.org/p/first-nations-and-government-of-canada-for-a-gender-inclusive-inquiry-into-murdered-and-missing-aboriginal-canadians

Justice Canada. (2016). Gender identity and gender expression. https://www.canada.ca/en/department-justice/news/2016/05/gender-identity-and-gender-expression.html
Kaye, J. (2017). Responding to human trafficking: Dispossession, colonial violence, and resistance among indigenous and racialized women. University of Toronto Press.
KAIROS Canada. (n.d.). Timeline. KAIROS Canada. https://www.kairoscanada.org/missing-murdered-indigenous-women-girls/inquiry-timeline
Kingsley, C., Mark, M. & Krawczyk, M. (2000). Sacred lives: Canadian Aboriginal children & youth speak out about sexual exploitation. Save the Children Canada.
Kiraly, M. & Tyler, M. (2015). Introduction. In M. Kiraly & M. Tyler (Eds.), Freedom fallacy: The limits of liberal feminism (pp. xi-xviii). Connor Court Publishing.
Klein, R. (1983). How to do what we want to do: Thoughts about feminist methodology. In G. Bowles & R. Klein (Eds.), Theories of women’s studies. Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Knickerbocker, M. R. (2020). Making matriarchs at Coqualeetza: Sto:lo women’s politics and histories across generations. In S. Nickel & A. Fehr (Eds.), In good relation: History, gender, and kinship in Indigenous feminisms (pp. 25-47). University of Manitoba Press.
Koshan, J. (2010). The legal treatment of marital rape and women’s equality: An analysis of the Canadian experience. The Equality Effect. http://theequalityeffect.org/pdfs/maritalrapecanadexperience.pdf
Kovach, M.E. (2010). Indigenous methodologies: Characteristics, conversations, and contexts. University of Toronto Press.
Krüsi, A., Chettiar, J., Ridgway, A., Abbott, J., Strathdee, S. A., & Shannon, K. (2012). Negotiating safety and sexual risk reduction with clients in unsanctioned safer indoor sex work environments: a qualitative study. American journal of public health, 102(6), 1154-1159.
Kubik, W. & Bourassa, C. (2016). Stolen sisters: The politics, policies, and travesty of missing and murdered women in Canada. In Lavell-Harvard D. & Brant J. (Eds.), Forever loved: Exposing the hidden crisis of missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls in Canada (pp. 17-33). Demeter Press.
Kuokkanen, R. (2015). Gendered violence and politics in indigenous communities. International Feminist Journal of Politics, 17(2), 271–288.
Laidlaw, L. (2017). ‘Playing two people’: Exploring trans women’s experiences in sex work. [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. University of Ottawa.
Lajimodiere, D. K. (2013). American indian females and stereotypes: warriors, leaders, healers, feminists; not drudges, princesses, prostitutes. Multicultural Perspectives, 15(2), 104–109. https://doi.org/10.1080/15210960.2013.781391
Lakeman, L. (2005). Obsession, with Intent: Violence against women. Black Rose Books.
Lavell-Harvard, D. M., & Brant, J. (Eds.). (2016). Forever loved: Exposing the hidden crisis of missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls in Canada. Demeter Press.
LaRocque, E. (1994). Violence in Aboriginal communities. Health Canada. https://publications.gc.ca/collections/Collection/H72-21-100-1994E.pdf
LaRocque, E. (1999). Native writers resisting colonizing practices in Canadian historiography and literature [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. University of Manitoba.
LaRocque, E. (2017). Métis and feminist: Contemplations on feminism, human rights, culture and decolonization. In J. Green (Ed.), Making space for Indigenous feminism (2nd Ed., pp. 122-145). Fernwood Publishing.
Leigh, C. (1997). Inventing sex work. In J. Nagle (Ed.), Whores and other feminists (pp. 223-231). Routledge.
Lederer, L. (Ed.). (1982). Take back the night: Women on pornography. Bantam.
Lerner, G. (1986). The creation of patriarchy. Oxford University Press.
Lewis, J., Maticka-Tyndale, E., Shaver, F., & Schramm, H. (2005). Managing risk and safety on the job: The experiences of Canadian sex workers. Journal of Psychology & Human Sexuality, 17(1/2), 147–167.
Lorde, A. (1984). The master’s tools will never dismantle the master’s house. In A. Lorde (Ed.), Sister Outsider: Essays and Speeches (pp. 110-114). Crossing Press.
Lorde, A. (2019). Sister outsider. Penguin Classics.
Lyons, G. (1988). Constructive criticism: A handbook. Wingbow Press.
Mahmoudi, H. (2019). Freedom and the Iranian women’s movement. Contexts, 18(3), 14–19. https://doi.org/10.1177/1536504219864953
Malone, K. (2017, September 21). Wab Kinew allegations turning into ‘witch hunt,’ Senator Murray Sinclar says. CBC News. Retrieved from http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/murray-sinclair-wab-kinew-1.4300130
Maracle, L. (1996). I am woman: A native perspective on sociology and feminism. Press Gang Publishers.
Martin, C. & Walia, H. (2019). Red women rising: Indigenous women survivors in Vancouver’s downtown eastside. Downtown Eastside Women’s Centre. https://dewc.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/MMIW-Report-Final-March-10-WEB.pdf
Marwaha, S. (2017, January 29). ‘Anyone can be a victim’: Canadian high school girls being lured into sex trade. CBC News. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/human-sex-trafficking-domestic-1.3956214
Mathieson, A., Branam, E. & Noble, A. (2016). Prostitution policy: Legalization, decriminalization and the nordic model. Seattle Journal for Social Justice, 14(2), 367–428.

Mawani, R. (2002). “The iniquitous practice of women”: Prostitution and the making of white spaces in British Columbia, 1898-1905. In C. Levine-Rasky (Ed.), Working through whiteness: International perspectives. (pp. 43–68). State University of New York Press.
Maxwell, K. (2014). Historicizing historical trauma theory: Troubling the trans-generational
transmission paradigm. Transcultural Psychiatry, 51(3), 407–435.

McClintock, A. (1992). Screwing the system: Sexwork, race, and the law. Boundary 2, 19(2), 70–95.
McIntyre, S., Boyle, C., Lakeman, L., & Sheehy, E. (2000). Tracking and resisting backlash against equality gains in sexual offence law. Canadian Woman Studies, 20, 72–84.
McIvor, S. D. (2004). Aboriginal women unmasked: Using equality litigation to advance women's rights. Canadian Journal of Women & the Law, 16(1), 106-136.
McIvor, S. D. & Nahanee, T. (1998). Aboriginal women: Invisible victims of violence. In K. Bonnycastle & G. Rigakos (Eds.), Unsettling truths: Battered women, policy, politics, and contemporary research in Canada (pp. 63–69). Collective Press.
Mekbeb, S. (n.d.). NDNgirls. http://www.ndngirls.com
Walking With Our Sisters Collective. (2017). The Project. Walking With Our Sisters. http://walkingwithoursisters.ca/about/the-project/
Mies, M. (1983). Toward a methodology for feminist research. In G. Bowles & R. Klein (Eds.), Theories of women’s studies. Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Mies, M., Bennholdt-Thomsen, V., & von Werlhof, C. (1988). Women: The last colony. Zed Books.
Mikaere, A. (1994). Māori women: Caught in the contradictions of a colonised reality. Waikato Law Review, 2. https://www.waikato.ac.nz/law/research/waikato_law_review/pubs/volume_2_1994/7
Miriam, K. (2005). Stopping the traffic in women: Power, agency and abolition in feminist debates over sex-trafficking. Journal of Social Philosophy, 36(1), 1-17.

Missing Justice. (2016). Annual Montreal Memorial March to Honour the Lives of Missing and Murdered Women/Marche commemorative annuel en hommage aux femmes disparue. https://www.facebook.com/events/m%C3%A9tro-st-laurent-st-laurent-and-de-maisonneuve/annual-montreal-memorial-march-to-honour-the-lives-of-missing-and-murdered-women/923717884350650/
Monture-Angus, P. (1999). Considering colonialism and oppression: Aboriginal women, justice and the “theory” of decolonization. Native Studies Review, 12(1), 63–94. http://iportal.usask.ca/docs/Native_studies_review/v12/issue1/pp63-94.pdf
Moreton-Robinson, A. (2003). Tiddas talkin up to the white woman: When Huggins et al. Took on Bell. In M. Grossman (Ed.), Blacklines: Contemporary critical writing by Indigenous Australians. Melbourne University Press.
Morgan, R. (1970). Introduction: The woman’s revolution. In R. Morgan (Ed.), Sisterhood is powerful: An anthology of writings from the women’s liberation movement (pp. xiii-xl). Random House.
Morgan, R. (1977). Going too far: The personal chronicle of a feminist. Random House.
Morgan, R. (1989). The demon lover. W.W. Norton.
Morgan, R. (2000). On women as a colonized people. In B. A. Crow (Ed.), Radical feminism: A documentary reader (pp. 471–472). New York University Press.
Nadal, K. L., Vargas, V. H., Meterko, V., Hamit, S., & Mclean, K. (2012). Transgender female sex workers in New York city: Personal perspectives, gender identity development, and psychological processes. In M. A. Paludi (Ed.), Managing diversity in today's workplace: Strategies for employees and employers, volume 1: Gender, race, sexual orientation, ethnicity, and power (pp. 123-153). Praeger.
Nagle, J. (1997). Introduction. In J. Nagle (Ed.), Whores and other feminists (pp. 1-18). Routledge.
Naples, N. A. (2003). Feminism and method: Ethnography, discourse analysis, and activist research. Routledge.
Nash, C. J. (2011). Trans experiences in lesbian and queer space. Canadian Geographer/Le Géographe Canadien, 55(2).
National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls. (2017). Our women and girls are sacred: Interim report of the that national inquiry into missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls. The National Inquiry. https://www.mmiwg-ffada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/ni-mmiwg-interim-report.pdf
National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls. (2018a). The mandate of the national inquiry. Our mandate, our mission, our vision. https://www.mmiwg-ffada.ca/mandate/.
National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls. (2018b). Lexicon of terminology. The National Inquiry. http://www.mmiwg-ffada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/lexicon-of-terminology.pdf
National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls. (2019). Lexicon of terminology. The National Inquiry. https://www.mmiwg-ffada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/MMIWG_Lexicon_FINAL_ENFR.pdf
National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls. (2019a). Reclaiming power and place: The final report of the national inquiry into missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls, Volume 1a. The National Inquiry. https://www.mmiwg-ffada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Final_Report_Vol_1a-1.pdf
National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls. (2019b). Reclaiming power and place: The final report of the national inquiry into missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls, Volume 1b. The National Inquiry. https://www.mmiwg-ffada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Final_Report_Vol_1b.pdf
Newshub. (2017, September 13). Prostitute’s collective questions report on child sex trafficking in NZ. Newshub. https://www.newshub.co.nz/home/new-zealand/2017/09/prostitutes-collective-questions-report-on-child-sex-trafficking-in-nz.html
Nickel, S. A. (2017). ‘I am not a women's libber although sometimes I sound like one': Indigenous feminism and politicized motherhood. American Indian Quarterly, 41(4), 299–335.
Nickel, S. & Fehr, A. (2020). (Eds.) In good relation: History, gender, and kinship in Indigenous feminisms. University of Manitoba Press.
New Zealand Prostitute’s Collective (n.d.,a). History. Aotearoa New Zealand Sex Workers’ Collective. https://www.nzpc.org.nz/History
New Zealand Prostitute’s Collective (n.d.,b). NZPC | Aotearoa New Zealand Sex Workers’ Collective. Aotearoa New Zealand Sex Workers’ Collective. https://www.nzpc.org.nz/About-NZPC
Norma, C., & Tankard Reist, M. (2016). Prostitution narratives: Stories of survival in the sex trade. Spinifex Press.
Nussbaum, M. (1998). ‘Whether from reason or prejudice’: Taking money for bodily services. Journal of Legal Studies, 27(2), 693–723.
Oppal, W. (2012). Forsaken: The report of the missing women commission of inquiry, executive summary. https://missingwomen.library.uvic.ca/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/Forsaken-ES-web-RGB.pdf
Orchard, T., Salter, K., Bunch, M., & Benoit, C. (2021). Money, agency, and self-care among cisgender and trans people in sex work. Social Sciences, 10(6), https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci10010006
Ortner, S. B. (1972). Is female to male as nature is to culture? Feminist Studies, 1(2), 5–31.
Ouellette, G. J. M. W. (2002). The fourth world: An Indigenous perspective on feminism and Aboriginal women's activism. (Ser. Basics from Fernwood Publishing). Fernwood Publishing.
Palmater, P. (2016). Shining light on the dark places: Addressing police racism and sexualized violence against Indigenous women and girls in the National Inquiry. Canadian Journal of Women and the Law, 28(2), 253-284.
Pateman, C. (1988). The sexual contract. Stanford University Press.
Pateman, C. (1999). What’s wrong with prostitution? Women’s Studies Quarterly, 27(½), 53–64.
Pivot Legal Society. (n.d.). Our story. https://www.pivotlegal.org/our_story
Pivot Legal Society. (2014). Bill C-36: A backgrounder. https://www.pivotlegal.org/bill_c_36_a_backgrounder
R. v. Anwar and Harvey. (2018). Evidence of Ms. Smiley. Ontario
Raymond, J. G. (2013). Not a choice, not a job: Exposing the myths about prostitution and the global sex trade. Potomac Books.
Raymond, J. G. (2018). Gatekeeping decriminalization of prostitution: The ubiquitous influence of the New Zealand Prostitutes’ Collective. Dignity, 3(2), DOI: 10.23860/dignity.2018.03.02.06
Razack, S. (2015). Dying from improvement: Inquests and inquiries into Indigenous deaths in custody. University of Toronto Press.
Razack, S. H. (2016). Gendering disposability. Canadian Journal of Women and the Law, 28(2), 285–307. https://doi.org/10.3138/cjwl.28.2.285
Reality Check. (n.d.). 10 myths about porn. https://www.lawc.on.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/10-Myts-about-Porn.pdf
Redstockings Collective (2000). Redstockings manifesto. In B. A. Crowe (Ed.), Radical feminism: A documentary reader. New York University Press.
Reinhardz, S. (1983). Experiential analysis: A contribution to feminist research. In G. Bowles & R. Klein (Eds.), Theories of women’s studies. Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Rich, A. (1980). Compulsory heterosexuality and lesbian existence. Signs, 5(4), 631–660.
Rowland, R. (1991). Correspondence, Anthropological Forum, 6:3, 429-435, DOI: 10.1080/00664677.1991.9967422
Rowland, R. & Klein, R. (1996). Radical feminism: History, politics, action. In D. Bell & R. Klein, (Eds.), Radically speaking: Feminism reclaimed (pp. 9-36). Zed Books.
Royal Canadian Mounted Police. (2014). Missing and murdered Aboriginal women: A national operational overview. https://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/wam/media/460/original/0cbd8968a049aa0b44d343e76b4a9478.pdf
Royal Canadian Mounted Police. (2015). Missing and murdered Aboriginal women: 2015 update to the national operational overview. https://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/wam/media/455/original/c3561a284cfbb9c244bef57750941439.pdf
Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples. (1993). The path to healing: report of the national round table on aboriginal health and social issues. Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples.
Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples. (1996). Report of the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples. Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples. https://data2.archives.ca/e/e448/e011188230-01.pdf
Rubenson, B., Hanh, L., Höjer Bengt, & Johansson, E. (2005). Young sex-workers in Ho Chi Minh City telling their life stories. Childhood, 12(3), 391–411.
Rubin, G. (2012). Deviations: A Gayle Rubin reader. Duke University Press.
Russell, D. E. H. & van de Ven, N. (1976). The proceedings of the International Tribunal on Crimes Against Women. Les-Femmes Publishing.
Russell, D. E. H. (1980). A feminist perspective on pornography. https://www.dianarussell.com
Russell, D. E. H. & Radford, J. (1992). Femicide: The politics of woman killing. Twayne.
Russell, D. E. H., & Harmes, R. A. (2001). Femicide in global perspective (Ser. Athene series). Teachers College Press.
Russell, D. E. H. (2012). Defining femicide. https://www.femicideincanada.ca/sites/default/files/2017-12/RUSSELL%20%282012%29%20DEFINING%20FEMICIDE.pdf
Russell, J. and W. Snowdon. (2021, February 20). Bradley Barton found guilty of manslaughter in death of Cindy Gladue. CBC News. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/bradley-barton-guilty-1.5921392
Saphira, M. & Oliver, P. (2002). A review of literature on child prostitution. Social Policy Journal of New Zealand Te Puna Whakaaro (19). https://www.msd.govt.nz/about-msd-and-our-work/publications-resources/journals-and-magazines/social-policy-journal/spj19/review-literature-child-prostitution19-pages141-163.html
Schechter, S. (1982). Women and male violence: The visions and struggles of the battered women’s movement. South End Press.

Schwarzerbach, S. (2006). Contractarians and feminists debate prostitution. In J. Spector (Ed.),
Prostitution and pornography: Philosophical debates about the sex industry (pp. 209–239). Stanford University Press.

Sheehy, E. A. (2014). Defending battered women on trial: Lessons from the transcripts (Ser. Law and society series). UBC Press.

Shum, D. (2016, July 5). Girl, 16, threatened with knives, pellet gun to work in sex trade: Toronto police. Global News. http://globalnews.ca/news/2803681/girl-16-threatened-with-knives-pellet-gun-to-work-in-sex-trade-toronto-police/.

Shoji, M., & Tsubota, K. (2021). Sexual exploitation of trafficked children: Survey evidence from child sex workers in Bangladesh. Journal of Comparative Economics. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2021.06.001
Siebert, A. (2016, December 21). Fay Blaney says closer examination of violence against Indigenous women needed in inquiry. The Georgia Straight. https://www.straight.com/news/847231/fay-blaney-says-closer-examination-violence-against-indigenous-women-needed-inquiry

Silman, J. (1987). Enough is enough: Aboriginal women speak out. The Women’s Press.

Simpson, A. (2016). The state is a man: Theresa Spence, Loretta Saunders and the gender of settler sovereignty. Theory & Event, 19(4), 1.

Simpson, L. B. (2017). As we have always done: Indigenous freedom through radical resistance. University of Minnesota Press.
Sinha, M. (2013). Measure violence against women: Statistical trends. Statistics Canada.
https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/85-002-x/2013001/article/11766-eng.pdf

Smith, B. (1982). Racism and women’s studies. In A. Hull, P.B. Scott, and B. Smith. All the women are white, all the blacks are men, but some of us are brave: Black women’s studies. Feminist Press.
Smith, L. T. (2012). Decolonizing methodologies: Research and indigenous peoples. Zed Books.
Smith, M., & Mac, J. (2018). Revolting prostitutes: The fight for sex workers’ rights. Verso.
Spender, D. (1980). Man made language. Pandora Press.
Starblanket, G. (2018). Complex accountabilities: deconstructing “the community” and engaging indigenous feminist research methods. American Indian Culture and Research Journal, 42(4), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.17953/aicrj.42.4.starblanket
Stark, C. and Hodgson, C. (2003). Sister oppressions: A comparison of wife battering and prostitution. In M. Farley (Ed.), Prostitution, trafficking, and traumatic stress (pp. 17–32). The Haworth Maltreatment & Trauma Press.

Statistics Canada. (2021). A statistical portrait of Canada’s diverse LGBTQ2+ communities. Statistics Canada. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/210615/dq210615a-eng.htm
Stoler, A. L. (1989). Making empire respectable: the politics of race and sexual morality in 20th-century colonial cultures. American Ethnologist, 16(4), 634–660.
Stote, K. (2015). An act of genocide: Colonialism and the sterilization of Aboriginal women. Fernwood Publishing.
Stringer, R. (2012). Impractical reconciliation: Reading the intervention through the Huggins-Bell debate. Australia Feminist Studies, 27(71), pp. 19-36.
Suzack, C., Huhndorf, S.M., Perreault, J. & Barman, J. (Eds.), Indigenous women and feminism: Politics, activism, culture. UBC Press.
TallBear, K. (2014). Standing with and speaking as faith: A feminist-indigenous approach to inquiry [Research note]. Journal of Research Practice, 10(2), Article N17. Retrieved from http://jrp.icaap.org/index.php/jrp/article/view/405/371
Thorburn, N. & de Haan, I. (2014). Children and survival sex: A social work agenda. Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work, 26(4), pp. 14-21.
Thorburn, N. (2016a). Consent, coercion and autonomy: Underage sex work in Aotearoa New Zealand. Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work, 28(1), 34-42. https://doi.org/10.11157/anzswj-vol28iss1id114
Thorburn, N. (2016b). Surviving shame: Adolescent sex workers’ experiences of accessing and avoiding helping services. New Zealand Journal of Counselling, 35(2), pp. 14-26.
Thorburn, N. (2017). Practitioner knowledge and responsiveness to victims of sex trafficking in Aotearoa/New Zealand. Women’s Studies Journal, 31(2), pp. 77-96.
Thorburn, N. (2018). You can’t see it if you’re not looking: Sex trafficking in Aotearoa New Zealand [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. University of Auckland.
Thorburn, N. (2019). Researching underage sex work: Dynamic risk, responding sensitively, and protecting participants and researchers. In P. Liamputtong (Ed.), Handbook of Research Methods in Health Social Sciences (2111-2126). Springer Singapore.
Todd, D. ( 2016, January 21). Support grows for adding men and boys to murdered Aboriginal women inquiry. Vancouver Sun. http://www.vancouversun.com/life/support+grows+adding+boys+murdered+aboriginal+women+inquiry/11665421/story.html

Todd, D. (2017, February 9). Douglas Todd: Inquiry into missing Indigenous women garbles issue of men and boys (Update).” Vancouver Sun. https://vancouversun.com/opinion/columnists/missing-indigenous-womens-inquiry-adds-men-and-boys

Toronto Sun. (2017, August 30). Xeni Gwet’in First Nation Chief Roger William charged with sexual offence involving minor in B.C. Toronto Sun. Retrieved from http://www.torontosun.com/2017/08/30/xeni-gwetin-first-nation-chief-roger-william-charged-with-sexual-offence-involving-minor-in-bc
Truth and Reconciliation Commission. (2015). Truth and reconciliation commission: Calls to action. Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada. https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2015/trc/IR4-8-2015-eng.pdf
Tunney, C. (2020, November 18). RCMP tolerates 'misogynistic, racist, and homophobic attitudes’: former Supreme Court justice. CBC News. https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/rcmp-merlo-davidson-final-report-1.5807022
US State Department. (2019). Trafficking in persons report. https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/2019-Trafficking-in-Persons-Report.pdf
US State Department. (2021). 2021 Trafficking in Persons Report: New Zealand. https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-trafficking-in-persons-report/new-zealand/
Valaskakis, G. (2005). Sacajawea and her sisters: Images and native women. In G.G. Valaskakis (Ed.), Indian country: Essays on contemporary native culture (pp. 125-150). Wilfred Laurier University Press.
van der Meulen, E., Durisin, E.M., & Love, V. (2013). Introduction. In E. van der Meulen, E.M. Durisin, & V. Love (Eds.), Selling sex: Experience, advocacy, and research on sex work in Canada (1-25). UBC Press.
Vowel, C. (2016). Indigenous Writes: A Guide to First Nations, Métis & Inuit Issues in Canada (Ser. The debwe series). HighWater Press
Walton, C. (2018). My body, my business: New Zealand sex workers in an era of change. Otago University Press.
Ware, C. (2000). The relationship of black women to the women’s liberation movement. In B. A. Crowe (Ed.), Radical Feminism: A Documentary Reader, (pp. 98-112). New York University Press.
Waters, K. (1996). (Re)turning to the modern: Radical feminism and the post-modern turn. In D. Bell & R. Klein, (Eds.), Radically speaking: Feminism reclaimed (pp. 280-296). Zed Books.
Weitzer, R. (2005). Flawed theory and method in studies of prostitution. Violence against Women, 11(7), 934–49.
Whisnant, R., & Stark, C. (2004). Confronting pornography: Some conceptual basics. In R. Whisnant and C. Stark (Eds.). Not for Sale: Feminists Resisting Prostitution and Pornography, (pp. 15-27). Spinifex Press.
Whisnant, R., & Stark, C. (2004). Not for Sale: Feminists Resisting Prostitution and Pornography. Spinifex Press.
Whisnant, R. (2015). Not your father’s Playboy, not your mother’s feminist movement: Feminism in porn culture. In M. Kiraly & M. Tyler (Eds.), Freedom fallacy: The limits of liberal feminism (pp. 3-16). Connor Court Publishing.
Whisnant, R., & Mantilla, K. (2007). Pornography and pop culture: Backlash and a feminism that is contrary to feminism. Off Our Backs, 37(1), 58–61.
Wheeler, M. (2016, October 11). Former Atikamekw police chief gets 6 years for sexual assault. CBC News. Retrieved from http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/atikamekw-wemotaci-jean-paul-néashish-sentenced-1.3800495
Wilton, C., & Slavick, M. M. (2018). My body, my business: New Zealand sex workers in an era of change. Otago University Press.
Women's Studies Online. (n.d.) Women’s Studies Online. https://www.wmstonline.com
Yee, J. (2011). Feminism for real: Deconstructing the academic industrial complex of feminism. (J. Yee, Ed.) (Ser. Our schools/our selves book series, 4th v). Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives.
Youthline. (n.d.) Running to America in high heeled shoes; Youth sex workers in South Auckland: Telling their stories. https://www.youthline.co.nz/uploads/2/9/8/1/29818351/running-to-america-in-high-heeled-shoes.pdf
Zaman, (2020, December 9). Abstracts for chapters of new book “Decolonizing Futures”. Centre for Environment and Minority Policy Studies (CEMiPoS). https://cemipos.org/book-abstracts/
All items in Spectrum are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved. The use of items is governed by Spectrum's terms of access.

Repository Staff Only: item control page

Downloads per month over past year

Research related to the current document (at the CORE website)
- Research related to the current document (at the CORE website)
Back to top Back to top