Login | Register

Hydraulic Jump and Resultant Flow Choking in a Circular Sewer Pipe of Steep Slope

Title:

Hydraulic Jump and Resultant Flow Choking in a Circular Sewer Pipe of Steep Slope

Wang, Chunli and Li, S. (2018) Hydraulic Jump and Resultant Flow Choking in a Circular Sewer Pipe of Steep Slope. Water, 10 (11). p. 1674. ISSN 2073-4441

[thumbnail of Li-Water-2018.pdf]
Preview
Text (application/pdf)
Li-Water-2018.pdf - Published Version
Available under License Creative Commons Attribution.
2MB

Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10111674

Abstract

Urban flood caused by storm-water runoff has been problematic for many regions. There is a need to improve the design and hydraulic performance of storm sewer-pipes, which will help reduce the impact of urban flood. Such a need has motivated the current study. This paper investigates the flow behaviour in a circular pipe of steep slope, in which supercritical flow descends the steep terrain and forms a hydraulic jump under control acting downstream. So far, the jump behaviour and resultant flow choking in a circular pipe are poorly understood. This paper formulates the problem of the hydraulic jump in a circular pipe of slope on the basis of the momentum principle and solves it by using iterative methods. The solutions include the filling ratio and flow field downstream of an undular jump and a direct jump. For the first time, the Froude number’s dependence on the pipe slope has been quantified. For a given slope, it is possible to have two different filling ratios (or equivalently discharges) that associate with the same Froude number value. This paper reports detailed results of the initial versus sequent depth of the hydraulic jumps and quantitatively delineates the slope-filling ratio space between flow-choking and choking-free zones. For the design of storm sewers in a hilly area, it is necessary to correct the current design guidelines, which rely mostly on the uniform flow theory and suggest filling ratios as high as 85%. The corrections are either decreasing the filling ratio or increasing the pipe diameter to achieve choking-free flow in a circular pipe.

Divisions:Concordia University > Gina Cody School of Engineering and Computer Science > Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering
Item Type:Article
Refereed:Yes
Authors:Wang, Chunli and Li, S.
Journal or Publication:Water
Date:2018
Funders:
  • Concordia Open Access Author Fund
  • Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):10.3390/w10111674
Keywords:hydraulic jump; flow choking; circular flow section; storm sewer pipe; urban flood
ID Code:984707
Deposited By: Krista Alexander
Deposited On:27 Nov 2018 20:04
Last Modified:27 Nov 2018 20:04

References:

1. Da Silva, C.; Schardong, A.; Garcia, J.; Oliveira, C. Climate Change Impacts and Flood Control Measures for Highly Developed Urban Watersheds. Water 2018, 10, 829.

2. Rashid, H.; Hunt, L.M.; Haider, W. Urban flood problems in Dhaka, Bangladesh: Slum residents’ choices for relocation to flood-free areas. Environ. Manag. 2007, 40, 95–104.

3. Sandink, D. Urban flooding and ground-related homes in Canada: An overview. J. Flood Risk Manag. 2016, 9, 208–223.

4. Singh, P.; Sinha, V.S.P.; Vijhani, A.; Pahuja, N. Vulnerability assessment of urban road network from urban flood. Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct. 2018, 28, 237–250.

5. Salata, A.; Bkak, L.; Dkabek, L.; Ozimina, E. Assessment of the degree of pollution of sediments from the rainstorm sewer system in the urbanised catchment. Desalin. Water Treat. 2016, 57, 1478–1489.

6. Batista, J.A.D.N.; Boldrin, A.J. Evaluation of the hydraulic performance of an urban stormwater drainage system. Eng. Sanit. Ambient. 2018, 23, 263–273.

7. Chow, V.T. Open-Channel Hydraulics; McGraw-Hill: New York, NY, USA, 1959.

8. Wang, H.; Chanson, H. Air entrainment and turbulent fluctuations in hydraulic jumps. Urban Water J. 2015, 12, 502–518.

9. Cheng, J.; Gu, X.; Gong, Y. Code for Design of Outdoor Drainage Pipeline in Mountainous City, 1st ed.; Chongqing Municipal Design and Research Institute: Chongqing, China, 2018. (In Chinese)

10. Brown, S.; Schall, J.; Morris, J.; Doherty, C.; Stein, S. Urban Drainage Design Manual: Hydraulic Engineering Circular No. 22, 3rd ed.; U.S. Department of Transportation: Washington, DC, USA, 2009.

11. Normann, J.M.; Houghtalen, R.J.; Johnston, W.J. Hydraulic Design of Highway Culverts, 2nd ed.; U.S. Department of Transportation: Washington, DC, USA, 2001.

12. Gargano, R.; Hager, W.H. Undular hydraulic jumps in circular conduits. J. Hydraul. Eng. 2002, 128, 1008–1013.

13. Hager, W.H. Wastewater Hydraulics: Theory and Practice; Springer: Berlin, Germany, 2010.

14. Hager, W.H.; Gisonni, C. Supercritical flow in sewer manholes. J. Hydraul. Res. 2005, 43, 660–667.

15. De Martino, F.; Gisonni, C.; Hager, W.H. Drop in combined sewer manhole for supercritical flow. J. Irrig. Drain. Eng. 2002, 128, 397–400.

16. Gargano, R.; Hager, W.H. Supercritical flow across sewer manholes. J. Hydraul. Res. 2002, 128, 1014–1017.

17. Stahl, H.; Hager, W.H. Hydraulic jump in circular pipes. Can. J. Civ. Eng. 1999, 26, 368–373.

18. Safranez, K. Researches Relating to the Hydraulic Jump (English Translation by Barnes, D.P.); Bureau of Reclamation: Denver, CO, USA, 1929.

19. Bakhmeteff, B.A.; Matzke, A.E. The hydraulic jump in terms of dynamic similarity. Trans. Am. Soc. Civ. Eng. 1936, 101, 630–647.

20. Forster, J.W.; Skrinde, R.A. Control of the hydraulic jump by sills. Trans. Am. Soc. Civ. Eng. 1950, 115, 973–987.

21. Hager, W.H. Energy Dissipators and Hydraulic Jump; Springer Science & Business Media: Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 1992; Volume 8.

22. Chanson, H.; Montes, J.S. Characteristics of undular hydraulic jumps: Experimental apparatus and flow patterns. J. Hydraul. Eng. 1995, 121, 129–144.

23. Montes, J.; Chanson, H. Characteristics of undular hydraulic jumps: Experiments and analysis. J. Hydraul. Eng. 1998, 124, 192–205.

24. Ohtsu, I.; Yasuda, Y.; Gotoh, H. Flow conditions of undular hydraulic jumps in horizontal rectangular channels. J. Hydraul. Eng. 2003, 129, 948–955.

25. Chanson, H. Current knowledge in hydraulic jumps and related phenomena. A survey of experimental results. Eur. J. Mech. B/Fluids 2009, 28, 191–210.

26. Chanson, H.; Brattberg, T. Experimental study of the air–water shear flow in a hydraulic jump. Int. J. Multiph. Flow 2000, 26, 583–607.

27. Valiani, A. Linear and angular momentum conservation in hydraulic jump. J. Hydraul. Res. 1997, 35, 323–354.

28. Gharangik, A.M.; Chaudhry, M.H. Numerical simulation of hydraulic jump. J. Hydraul. Eng. 1991, 117, 1195–1211.

29. Molls, T.; Molls, F. Space-time conservation method applied to Saint Venant equations. J. Hydraul. Eng. 1998, 124, 501–508.

30. Ellms, R. Hydraulic jump in sloping and horizontal flumes. Trans. Am. Soc. Mech. Eng. 1932, 54, 113–121.

31. Bakhmeteff, B.; Matzke, A. The hydraulic jump in sloped channels. Trans. Am. Soc. Mech. Eng. 1938, 60, 111–118.

32. Kindsvater, C.E. The hydraulic jump in sloping channels. Trans. Am. Soc. Civ. Eng. 1944, 109, 1107–1154.

33. Rajaratnam, N. The hydraulic jump in sloping channels. Water Energy Int. 1966, 23, 137–149.

34. Ohtsu, I.; Yasuda, Y. Hydraulic jump in sloping channels. J. Hydraul. Eng. 1991, 117, 905–921.

35. Gunal, M.; Narayanan, R. Hydraulic jump in sloping channels. J. Hydraul. Eng. 1996, 122, 436–442.

36. Gotoh, H.; Yasuda, Y.; Ohtsu, I. Effect of channel slope on flow characteristics of undular hydraulic jumps. J. Appl. Mech. 2004, 7, 953–960.

37. Beirami, M.; Chamani, M.R. Hydraulic jumps in sloping channels: sequent depth ratio. J. Hydraul. Eng. 2006, 132, 1061–1068.

38. Reinauer, R.; Hager, W.H. Non-breaking undular hydraulic jump. J. Hydraul. Res. 1995, 33, 683–698.

39. Castro-Orgaz, O. Weakly undular hydraulic jump: Effects of friction. J. Hydraul. Res. 2010, 48, 453–465.

40. Mitchell, S. Hydraulic jumps in trapezoidal and circular channels. Proc. Inst. Civ. Eng. Water Manag. 2008, 161, 161–167.

41. Montes, S. Hydraulics of Open Channel Flow; ASCE: Reston, VA, USA, 1998.
All items in Spectrum are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved. The use of items is governed by Spectrum's terms of access.

Repository Staff Only: item control page

Downloads per month over past year

Research related to the current document (at the CORE website)
- Research related to the current document (at the CORE website)
Back to top Back to top