Dam, Vi (2015) Effect of Early-onset Obesity versus Late-onset Obesity on Immune Cells in Regional Adipose Tissue Depots: A Pilot Study. Masters thesis, Concordia University.
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Abstract
Obesity is associated with obesity-related chronic inflammation of adipose tissue. Current research has investigated what occurs in visceral (VAT) versus subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) from an immunological perspective. To date, no studies have examined immunological differences in upper body vs. lower body SAT but research suggests that these regions differ in metabolic activity. It is hypothesized that 1) adipocyte size and number, and 2) the quantity and type of immune cells will differ in upper and lower body subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese adults and that these differences will be distinct in early-onset obesity (childhood weight gain) compared to late-onset obesity (adult weight gain). It is also hypothesized that immune cells will be associated with blood lipid concentrations. Thirteen subjects who had early-onset or late-onset obesity were recruited. Visits included fasting blood draws for lipid levels, dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and computed tomography (CT) scans for body composition, and SAT biopsies of the abdominal and femoral regions. Biopsy tissue samples were digested and stained with antibody markers for CD3, CD4 and CD8 for T-cells, as well as CD68 and CD206 for macrophages and were analyzed using flow cytometry. For both groups as a whole, % of CD4+ T-cells was associated (ρ=0.83; P=0.042) with cholesterol in the abdominal but not in the femoral region and HDL cholesterol concentrations were inversely correlated (ρ= -0.83; P=0.04) with abdominal CD3+CD8+ T-cells but not in the femoral region. These correlations indicate an association between cardiac health risk factors and the presence of T-cells in obesity-induced inflammation. There were no significant differences detected between early- and late-onset groups for body composition, blood chemistry, or between regional depots. However, trends reported indicate that early-onset subjects had more upper than lower body SAT. Fat cell size was higher in the late-onset group while cell number was higher in the early-onset group. As well, T-cells and macrophages were more numerous in the femoral versus abdominal regions. The continuation of this study deserves merit, as early results seem to indicate the potential for interesting findings in the future.
| Divisions: | Concordia University > Faculty of Arts and Science > Exercise Science |
|---|---|
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
| Authors: | Dam, Vi |
| Institution: | Concordia University |
| Degree Name: | M. Sc. |
| Program: | Exercise Science |
| Date: | 14 August 2015 |
| Thesis Supervisor(s): | Santosa, Sylvia |
| Keywords: | Adipose tissue, Obesity, Inflammation, Immune cells, lipid concentrations |
| ID Code: | 980298 |
| Deposited By: | THI-TUONG-VI DAM |
| Deposited On: | 03 Nov 2015 17:26 |
| Last Modified: | 18 Jan 2018 17:51 |
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