Login | Register

A Rhizomatic Reimagining of Nintendo’s Hardware and Software History

Title:

A Rhizomatic Reimagining of Nintendo’s Hardware and Software History

Sugiarto, Marilyn (2017) A Rhizomatic Reimagining of Nintendo’s Hardware and Software History. Masters thesis, Concordia University.

[thumbnail of Sugiarto_MA_S2017.pdf]
Preview
Text (application/pdf)
Sugiarto_MA_S2017.pdf - Accepted Version
Available under License Spectrum Terms of Access.
5MB

Abstract

Since 1985, the American video game market and its consumers have acknowledged the significance of Nintendo on the broader development of the industry; however, the place of Nintendo in the North American history primarily focuses on the company’s most successful hardware in their catalogue. This study takes a multidisciplinary approach to reconceptualise the popularized history of Nintendo and challenge the positivistic narrative that privileges the most profitable innovations. While the Nintendo Entertainment System and the Wii are influential hardware creations worthy of their dedicated literature, the generalized history of interim consoles lacks necessary critical analysis; and formal literature on the company tends to discuss failed consoles in relation to their popularized predecessors or successors. Inspired by Deleuzoguattarian theory, Nintendo’s creative ideology of lateral thinking and repurposing of outdated technology is examined through a temporal synthesis of deterritorialized and reterritorialized innovative design. This theoretical framework takes consideration of the connectivity and flows of ideas in an experimental milieu, rather than focusing on their most profitable developments. Perceiving the video game industry and Nintendo, within a rhizomatic space, informs a different perspective of Nintendo’s hardware and software history. Overall, this reconceptualization of Nintendo allows for an alternative understanding of the video game industry as a rhizomatic network of creative and experimental thought, which can emphasize a non-linear approach to the history of video game products.

Divisions:Concordia University > Faculty of Arts and Science > Communication Studies
Item Type:Thesis (Masters)
Authors:Sugiarto, Marilyn
Institution:Concordia University
Degree Name:M.A.
Program:Media Studies
Date:April 2017
Thesis Supervisor(s):Consalvo, Mia
Keywords:Nintendo, Video Games, Videogames, Industry, Hardware, Software, Development, Creation, Rhizome, Deleuze, Guattari, Deleuzoguattarian, History, Miyamoto, The Legend of Zelda
ID Code:982316
Deposited By: MARILYN SUGIARTO
Deposited On:07 Jun 2017 17:39
Last Modified:18 Jan 2018 17:54

References:

Books

Altice, Nathan. I AM ERROR: The Nintendo Family Computer/entertainment System Platform. MA: MIT Press, 2015.
Bergson, Henri. Creative Evolution. New York: Cosimo Classics, 2005.
Consalvo, Mia. Atari to Zelda: Japan’s Videogames in Global Contexts. Cambridge: MIT Press, 2016.
Colman, Felicity J. “Rhizome.” The Deleuze Dictionary, edited by Adrian Parr. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2005.
Cremin, Colin. Exploring Videogames with Deleuze and Guattari. New York: Routledge, 2015.
Deleuze, Giles. Cinema 1: The Movement Image. New York: The Athlone Press, 1986.
Deleuze, Giles and Felix Guattari. A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1987.
deWinter, Jennifer. Shigeru Miyamoto: Super Mario Bros., Donkey Kong. The Legend of Zelda. New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 2015.
Dyer-Witheford, Nick, and Greig De Peuter. Games of Empire: Global Capitalism and Video Games. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2009.
Fox, Matt. The Video Games Guide: 1,000+ Arcade, Console and Computer Games, 1962-2012. Jefferson: McFarland & Company, Inc., 2013.
Harris, Blake J. Console wars: Sega, Nintendo, and the Battle that Defined a Generation. New York: HarperCollins, 2014.
Jones, Steven E. and George K. Thiruvathukal. Codename Revolution: The Nintendo Wii Platform. Cambridge: The MIT Press, 2012.
Juul, Jesper. A Casual Revolution: Reinventing Video Games and Their Players. Cambridge: The MIT Press, 2010.
Kinder, Marsha. “The Nintendo Entertainment System: Game Boys, Super Brothers, and Wizards.” Playing with Power in Movies, Television, and Video Games: From Muppet Babies to Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991.
Message, Kylie. “Territory.” The Deleuze Dictionary, edited by Adrian Parr. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2005.
Parr, Adrian, “Creative Transformation.” The Deleuze Dictionary.
Pickering, Michael and Emily Keightley. “Retrotyping and the Marketing of Nostalgia,” Media and Nostalgia: Yearning for the Past Present and Future. Edited by Katherina Niemeyer. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014.
Provenzo Jr., Eugene F. Video kids: Making sense of Nintendo. Cambridge, MA, US: Harvard University Press, 1991.
Sheff, David. Game Over: Press Start to Continue. New York: Random House, 1999.
Sloan, Daniel. Playing to Wiin: Nintendo and the Video Game Industry’s Greatest Comeback. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pte. Ltd., 2011.
Stagoll, Cliff. “Duration.” The Deleuze Dictionary, edited by Adrian Parr. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2005.
Stagoll, Cliff. “Difference. The Deleuze Dictionary, edited by Adrian Parr. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2005.
Zackariasson, Peter and Timothy L. Wilson. “Marketing of Video Games,” The Video Game Industry: Formation, Present State, and Future. New York: Routledge, 2012.

Articles

Hollensen, Svend. “The Blue Ocean that Disappeared: the Case of the Nintendo Wii.” Journal of Business Strategy, 34, no. 5 (2013).
Deutsch, Judith E. et al. “Nintendo Wii Sports and Wii Fit Game Analysis, Validation, and Application to Stroke Rehabilitation.” Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation. Vol 18, no. 6 (2011).
Concepcion, Luis, Marilyn Nales-Torres, Ana Rodriguez-Zubiaurre. “The Relationship between Videogame Use, Deviant Behavior, and Academic Achievement among a Nationally Representative Sample of High School Seniors in the United States,” American Journal
of Educational Research. Vol. 4, No. 16. Doi: 10.12691/education-4-16-6.
Gunter, Barrie. “Can Video Games Influence Levels of Real Violence?” Does Playing Video Games Make Players More Violent. Palgrave Macmillan. London: 2016. 147-164. Accessed January 10, 2017, http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057/978-1-137-57985-
0_6.
Brandt, K, and Paniagua MA. “The Use of Water Nintendo Wii with Long-Term Care Residents.” J Am Geriatr Soc (JAGS). Vol 59, no 12 (2011): 2395.
Lysen, Flora and Patricia Pisters. “Introduction: The smooth and the striated.” Deleuze Studies. Vol. 6, no 1 (2012).
Cunningham, G. Watts. “Bergson’s Conception of Duration.” The Philosophical Review. Vol. 23, No. 5. (1914). Accessed December 1, 2016. www.jstor.org/stable/2178586.

Online Articles

Benj Edwards. "7 Japanese Game Consoles That Never Made it to America." PCMAG. Accessed March 09, 2017. http://www.pcmag.com/slideshow/story/338766/7-japanese-game-consoles-that-never-made-it-to-america.
Campbell, Evan. “Pokemon GO Passes 650 Million Downloads.” IGN. Accessed March 14, 2017. http://ca.ign.com/articles/2017/02/28/pokemon-go-passes-650-million-downloads
Chandran, Nyshka. “Super Abe was a taste of Tokyo’s 2020 Olympic campaign,” CNBC. Accessed March 14, 2017. http://www.cnbc.com/2016/08/22/super-abe-was-a-taste-of-tokyos-2020-olympic-campaign.html
Cochrane, Emily. “For millennials, Pokemon GO is a childhood dream come true.” Miami Herald. Accessed March 14, 2017.
http://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/community/miami-dade/article88981162.html
Fahey, Mike. "The State Of The Wii U In 2016." Kotaku. December 19, 2016. Accessed March 13, 2017. http://kotaku.com/the-state-of-the-wii-u-in-2016-1790268694.
"The Nintendo Switch Will Succeed Where the Wii U Failed." WWG. January 02, 2017. Accessed March 13, 2017. http://wwg.com/2017/01/01/the-nintendo-switch-will-succeed-where-the-wii-u-failed/.
Johnston, Chris. “Miyamoto Talks Dolphin at Space World.” GameSpot. Accessed March 14, 2017. http://www.gamespot.com/articles/miyamoto-talks-dolphin-at-space-world-and14599/1100-2460819/
Kelion, Leo. “Ubisoft apologises for Assassin’s Creed Unity bugs.” BBC News. Accessed March 14, 2017. http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-30226586
Kohler, Chris. "A Farewell to Wii U, the Game System for Nobody." Wired. December 22, 2016. Accessed March 13, 2017. https://www.wired.com/2016/12/goodbye-wii-u/.
Liebl, Matt. “Revisiting Sim City two years after its horrific launch.” GameZone. Accessed March 14, 2017. http://www.gamezone.com/originals/revisiting-simcity-two-years-after-its-horrific-launch-jsx6
Martin, Chris. “Nintendo Switch news – release date, UK price, features, specifications and games.” TechAdvisor. Accessed March 14, 2017. http://www.pcadvisor.co.uk/new-product/game/nintendo-switch-news-release-date-uk-price-features-specs-games-3608381/
Nagata, Kazuaki. “Exporting culture via ‘Cool Japan.’” The Japan Times. Accessed March 14, 2017. http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2012/05/15/reference/exporting-culture-via-cool-japan/#.WHlTllMrJhE
Peckham, Matt. “14 Things Nintendo President Tatsumi Kimishima Told Us.” Time. Accessed March 14, 2017. http://time.com/4131306/nintendo-kimishima-interview/
Picard, Martin. “The Foundation of Geemu: A Brief History of Early Japanese video games.” Game Studies, vol. 13, no. 2 (2013). http://gamestudies.org/1302/articles/picard. Accessed March
13, 2017.
Rowland, Matt. “WB Reaches Out to Players to Pinpoint ‘Batman: Arkham City’ Corrupted Save Issue.” GameRant. Accessed March 14, 2017. https://gamerant.com/batman-arkham-city-lost-saves-bugs-row-116457/
Sayre, Carolyn. "10 Questions for Shigeru Miyamoto." Time. July 19, 2007. Accessed March 14, 2017. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1645158-1,00.html.


Online Resources

“15 Things You Might Not Know About The Legende of Zelda.” Mental Floss. Accessed March 14, 2017. http://mentalfloss.com/article/62244/15-things-you-might-not-know-about-legend-zelda
“遊” tangorin. Accessed March 14, 2017. http://tangorin.com/kanji/遊.
“為る” tangorin. Accessed March 14, 2017. http://tangorin.com/general/為る.
"Best Video Games of All Time: TIME's Top 50." Time. Accessed March 13, 2017. http://time.com/4458554/best-video-games-all-time/
"E3 2002: Yamauchi steps down." GameSpot. Accessed March 13, 2017. http://www.gamespot.com/articles/e3-2002-yamauchi-steps-down/1100-2867848/
“Four-Kanji sayings pack an educated wallop: Kanji Clinic #37.” KanjiClinic.com. Accessed March 14, 2017. http://www.kanjiclinic.com/kc37final.htm
"Game Boy Accessories." Revolvy.com. Accessed March 14, 2017.
https://www.revolvy.com/topic/Game%20Boy%20accessories&uid=1575.
“I Feel like Nintendo Forgot Hardcore Gamers like Me.” GameSpot (Forum). Accessed March 13, 2017. http://www.gamespot.com/forums/system-wars-314159282/i-feel-like-
nintendo-forgot-hardcore-gamers-like-m-26653104/
"IR Information : Sales Data - Hardware and Software Sales Units." Nintendo Co., Ltd. Accessed March 09, 2017. https://www.nintendo.co.jp/ir/en/sales/hard_soft/.
“Nintendo Fans, Do you Feel Alienated by the Wii?” GameSpot (Forum). Accessed March 13, 2017. http://www.gamespot.com/forums/system-wars-314159282/nintendo-fans-do-you-feel-alienated-by-the-wii-25756505/
"Nintendo Game Boy Wide-Boy (for FamiCom)." Handheld Games Museum. Accessed March 14, 2017. http://devkits.handheldmuseum.com/GB_Wideboy.htm.
“Notice Regarding Personnel Change of a Representative Director and Role Changes of Directors.” Nintendo Co., Ltd. Accessed March 14, 2017. https://www.nintendo.co.jp/ir/pdf/2015/150914e.pdf
"Pokémon Stadium" Pokémon-France.com. Accessed March 14, 2017. https://www.pokemon-france.com/jeux/gen1/stadium/stadium/.
“Super Gameboy Speed Fix.” Sound of Silver. Accessed March 14, 2017. http://soundofsilver.co.uk/blog/2015/02/super-gameboy-speed-fix/
“The Legend of Zelda: Oracle of Seasons Interview Part I.” Nintendo. Accessed March 14, 2017. http://web.archive.org/web/20050311025108/http://www.nintendo.com/gamedev?gameid=m-Game-0000-314
"Top Games Of All Time." IGN. Accessed March 13, 2017. http://ca.ign.com/lists/top-100-games/8
"Top Games Of All Time." IGN. Accessed March 13, 2017. http://ca.ign.com/lists/top-100-games/11.
"Transfer Pak." Bulbapedia, the community-driven Pokémon encyclopedia. Accessed March 14, 2017. http://bulbapedia.bulbagarden.net/wiki/Transfer_Pak.
“Warp Whistle.” Nintendo Wiki. Accessed March 14, 2017. http://nintendo.wikia.com/wiki/Warp_Whistle
"Wide-Boy64." Wide Boy 64. Accessed March 14, 2017.
https://web.archive.org/web/20050126092807/http://www.zyx.com/chrisc/wideboy64.html.

Films and Television

King Kong. Directed by Merian C. Cooper and Ernest B. Schoedsack. 1933. New York City:
Radio Picture. Film.
Hyokkori Hyoutanjima. ひょっこりひょうたん島. 1964-1969. Japan: NHK. TV Series.

Games Franchises
Assassin’s Creed. Developed by Ubisoft, et al. 2007 – 2016. Published by Ubisoft. Video Game series.
Brain Age. Developed by Nintendo Software Planning & Development Division. 2005 – 2012. Published by Nintendo. Video Game series.
Call of Duty. Developed by Infinity Ward, Treyarch, Sledgehammer Games, et al. 2003 – 2016. Published by Activision. Video Game series.
Dragon Quest. Developed by Armor Project, Bird Studio, Square Enix, et al. 1986 – 2016. Published by Square Enix and Nintendo. Video Game series.
Pokémon. Developed by GameFreak, et al. 1996 – 2016. Published by Nintendo. Video Game series.
Legend of Zelda. Developed by Nintendo, Capcom, et al. 1986 – 2017. Published by Nintendo. Video Game series.
Elder Scrolls. Developed by Bethesda Softworks, Bethesda Game Studios, et al. 1994 – 2016. Published by Bethesda Softworks, et al. Video Game series.
Final Fantasy. Developed by Square and Square Enix. 1987 – 2016. Published by Square and Square Enix. Video Game series.
God of War. Developed by SIE Santa Monica Studio, Ready at Dawn, Javaground/SOE-LA, et al. 2005 – 2015. Published by Sony Interactive Entertainment, Sony Pictures Digital, and
Capcom. Video Game series.
Grand Theft Auto. Developed by Rockstar (et al) and Digital Eclipse. 1997 – 2013. Published by Rockstar Games. Video Game series.
Halo. Developed by Bungie, Ensemble Studios, 343 Industries and Creative Assembly. 2001 – 2017. Published by Microsoft Studios. Video Game series.
Metal Gear. Developed by Konami et al. 1987 – 2016. Published by Konami. Video Game series.
Paper Mario. Developed by Intelligent Games et al. 2000 – 2016. Published by Nintendo. Video Game series.
Pikmin. Developed by Nintendo. 2001 – 2013. Published by Nintendo. Video Game series.
Resident Evil. Developed by Capcom. 1996 – 2017. Published by Capcom. Video Game series.

Games

Animal Crossing: Wild World. Developed by Nintendo Entertainment Analysis & Development. 2005. Published by Nintendo. Video Game.
Assassin’s Creed: Unity. Developed by Ubisoft Montreal. 2014. Published by Ubisoft. Video Game.
Banjo Kazooie. Developed by Rare et al. 1998. Published by Nintendo. Video Game.
Batman: Arkham City. Developed by Rocksteady Studios. 2011. Published by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment. Video Game.
Castlevania. Developed by Konami. 1986. Published by Konami. Video Game.
Donkey Kong. Developed by Nintendo Research & Development 1. 1981. Published by Nintendo. Arcade Cabinet (game).
Donkey Kong. Developed by Nintendo Research & Development 1. 1983. Published by Nintendo. Famicom/NES game port.
Donkey Kong 64. Developed by Rare. 1999. Published by Nintendo. Video Game. Dragon Quest. Developed by Chunsoft. 1986. Published by Enix and Nintendo. Video Game.
Final Fantasy VII. Developed by Square. 1997. Published by PlayStation, Square et al. Video Game.
Golden Eye 007. Developed by Nintendo. 1997. Published by Nintendo. Video Game.
Halo: Combat Evolved. Developed by Bungie. 2001. Published by Microsoft Game Studios. Video Game.
Ingress. Developed by Niantic. 2014. Published by Niantic. Video Game.
Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild. Developed by Nintendo Entertainment & Planning Development. 2017. Published by Nintendo. Video Game.
Legend of Zelda: Link’s Awakening. Developed by Nintendo Entertainment Analysis & Development. 1993. Published by Nintendo. Video Game.
Legend of Zelda: Link to the Past. Developed by Nintendo Entertainment Analysis & Development. 1991. Published by Nintendo. Video Game.
Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time. Developed by Nintendo Entertainment Analysis & Development. 1998. Published by Nintendo. Video Game.
Legend of Zelda: Oracle of Ages. Developed by Capcom and Flagship. 2001. Published by Nintendo. Video Game.
Legend of Zelda: Oracle of Seasons. Developed by Capcom and Flagship. 2001. Published by Nintendo. Video Game.
Legend of Zelda: Phantom Hourglass. Developed by Nintendo Entertainment Analysis & Development. 2007. Published by Nintendo. Video Game.
Legend of Zelda: Skyward Sword. Developed by Nintendo Entertainment Analysis & Development. 2011. Published by Nintendo. Video Game.
Legend of Zelda: Tri Force Heroes. Developed by Nintendo Entertainment Analysis & Development and Grezzo. 2015. Published by Nintendo. Video Game.
Legend of Zelda: The Wind Waker. Developed by Nintendo Entertainment Analysis & Development. 2003. Published by Nintendo. Video Game.
Link: Faces of Evil. Developed by Animation Magic. 1993. Published by Philips Interactive Media. Video Game.
Mario Bros. Developed by Nintendo Research & Development 1. 1983. Published by Nintendo. Video Game.
Mario Tennis. Developed by Camelot Software Planning. 2000. Published by Nintendo. Video Game.
Metal Gear Solid 4. Developed by Kojima Productions. 2008. Published by Konami. Video Game.
Nintendogs. Developed by Nintendo Entertainment Analysis & Development. 2005. Published by Nintendo. Video Game.
Pokémon Blue. Developed by Game Freak. 1996 – 1998. Published by Nintendo. Video Game.
Pokémon Red. Developed by Game Freak. 1996 – 1998. Published by Nintendo. Video Game.
Pokémon Stadium. Developed by Nintendo Entertainment Analysis & Development. 1999 – 2000. Published by Nintendo. Video Game.
Pokémon Yellow. Developed by Game Freak. 1998 – 1999. Published by Nintendo. Video Game.
SimCity. Developed by Maxis. 2013. Published by Electronic Arts. Video Game.
Sonic Boom: Rise of Lyric. Developed by Big Red Button. 2014. Published by Sega. Video Game.
Super Mario 64. Developed by Nintendo Entertainment Analysis & Development. 1996. Published by Nintendo. Video Game.
Super Mario Bros. Developed by Nintendo Research & Development 4. 1985. Published by Nintendo. Video Game.
Super Mario Bros. 3. Developed by Nintendo Research & Development 4. 1988 – 1991. Published by Nintendo. Video Game.
Super Mario Galaxy. Developed by Nintendo Entertainment Analysis & Development Tokyo. 2007. Published by Nintendo. Video Game.
Super Mario RPG. Developed by Square. 1996. Published by Nintendo. Video Game.
Super Mario Sunshine. Developed by Nintendo Entertainment Analysis & Development. 2002. Published by Nintendo. Video Game.
Tetris. Developed by Spectrum HoloByte et al. 1984. Published by Spectrum HoloByte. Video Game.
Wii Sports. Developed by Nintendo Entertainment Analysis & Development. 2006. Published by Nintendo. Video Game.
Zelda II: Link’s Adventure. Developed by Nintendo Research & Development 4. 1987. Published by Nintendo. Video Game.
Zelda: The Wand of Gamelon. Developed by Animation Magic. 1993. Published by Philips Interactive Media. Video Game.
Zelda’s Adventure. Developed by Viridis Corporation. 1995. Published by Philips Interactive Media. Video Game.

Images

Evan-Amos. Console Galleries. The Vanamo Online Game Museum. Accessed February 28, 2017. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Evan-Amos
All images used in this thesis from this online archive are considered Public Domain.
Zanescu, Andrei. Figure 16. March 9, 2017.
All items in Spectrum are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved. The use of items is governed by Spectrum's terms of access.

Repository Staff Only: item control page

Downloads per month over past year

Research related to the current document (at the CORE website)
- Research related to the current document (at the CORE website)
Back to top Back to top