Calderon, Anna (2019) Everyday Resistance of Domestic Workers in Lima, Peru. Masters thesis, Concordia University.
Preview |
Text (application/pdf)
507kB1Anna Calderon MA Thesis.pdf - Accepted Version Available under License Spectrum Terms of Access. |
Abstract
Domestic workers in Peru represent approximately 3,4% (342 192) of the economically active population of the country (Defensoria del Pueblo 2011). These workers are overwhelmingly poor women, un- or under-educated, and from ethnic and linguistic minorities, working in an informal environment (Legua Bordon 2017; Mick 2011; Perez and Llanos 2017, and Rottenbacher de Rojas 2015). Even though in 2003 the Peruvian government introduced Law 27896, which aims to regulate domestic work and protect domestic workers, the field remains a dangerous, precarious environment for the workers employed (ILO 2011). This thesis explores the manifold everyday strategies that domestic workers in Lima, Peru, utilize to resist violence in the workplace. Instances of violence and resistance have been observed to change and evolve throughout the experiences of the participants, from the beginning of their careers, until today. Nonetheless, the presence of violence has remained a reality in the everyday lives of domestic workers interviewed. The strategies of resistance utilized to fight these forms of violence have been placed into three broader categories; flight, survival, and active resistance, all of which are observed to enjoy a different degree of success. The most effective forms of resistance observed included (1) attaining a higher education, (2) survival, in the form of staying close to the family pet or children, and (3) negotiation, in the form of threatening to leave the job.
| Divisions: | Concordia University > Faculty of Arts and Science > Political Science |
|---|---|
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
| Authors: | Calderon, Anna |
| Institution: | Concordia University |
| Degree Name: | M.A. |
| Program: | Public Policy and Public Administration |
| Date: | 10 April 2019 |
| Thesis Supervisor(s): | Mayer, Jean Francois and Hilgers, Tina |
| Keywords: | Domestic work, Peru, Latin America |
| ID Code: | 985258 |
| Deposited By: | Anna C. Calderón |
| Deposited On: | 17 Jun 2019 16:51 |
| Last Modified: | 17 Jun 2019 16:51 |
References:
Works Cited“Afiliados FITH en America Latina.” Federacion Internacional de Trabajadores del Hogar.
http://idwfed.org/es/afiliaciones/america-latina/
Akalin, Ayşe. "Hired as a Caregiver, demanded as a Housewife: Becoming a Migrant
Domestic Worker in Turkey." European Journal of Women's Studies 14, No. 3 (2007): 209-225.
Baek, Eugene. Between Work and Education: Child Domestic Workers in Lima, Peru. Erasmus
University, 2008.
Bamu-Chipunza, Pamhidzai, H. “Las trabajadoras y trabajadores del hogar y el C189? Nuestro
equipo legal analiza los progresos y los desafios pendientes.” Women in Informal Employment: Globalizing and Organizing. June 15, 2018. http://www.wiego.org/blog/¿las-trabajadoras-y-trabajadores-del-hogar-y-el-c189-nuestro-equipo-legal-analiza-los-progresos/
Bayat, Asef. "Un-Civil Society: The Politics of the 'Informal People'." Third World Quarterly 18,
no. 1 (1997): 53-72.
Borgeaud-Garciandía, Natacha, And Bruno Lautier. "La Personalización De La Relación De
Dominación Laboral: Las Obreras De Las Maquilas Y Las Empleadas Domésticas En América Latina." Revista Mexicana De Sociología 76, No. 1 (2014): 89-113.
Cadena de la, Marisol. "Silent racism and intellectual superiority in Peru." Bulletin of Latin
American Research 17, no. 2 (1998): 143-164.
Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety. “OSH Answers Fact Sheets.” Government
of Canada. July 12, 2017. https://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/
Chen, Martha Alter. "Recognizing Domestic Workers, Regulating Domestic Work: Conceptual,
Measurement, And Regulatory Challenges." Canadian Journal of Women and The Law 23, No. 1 (2011): 167-184.
Crossa, Veronica. "Play for Protest, Protest for Play: Artisan and Vendors' Resistance To
Displacement in Mexico City." Antipode 45, No. 4 (2013): 826-843.R
Crossa, Veronica. "Resisting The Entrepreneurial City: Street Vendors' Struggle in Mexico
City's Historic Center." International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 33, No. 1(2009): 43-63.
Dahlberg, Linda L., and Tienne G. Krug. “Violence – a Global and Public Health Problem.”
World Report on Violence and Health. World Health Organization. 2002.
Drzewieniecki, Joanna. "Peruvian youth and racism: the category of “race” remains
strong." Preparado para el encuentro del Latin American Studies Association, Las Vegas, Nevada, Octubre (2004): 7-9.
EFE. “Guerra de clases en las playas del Peru.” El Pais. January 29, 2007.
https://elpais.com/internacional/2007/01/29/actualidad/1170025202_850215.html
“En Lima, mas del 30% de trabajadoras del hogar todavia esta en una situacion de semi-
esclativud.” Diario La Republica, December 21, 2016. https://larepublica.pe/domingo/1003413-en-lima-mas-del-30-de-trabajadoras-del-hogar-todavia-esta-en-una-situacion-de-semiesclavitud
Fajardo, Cesar. “Empleados del hogar: Ocho de cada 10 no tienen acceso a la salud.” Peru21,
October 18, 2014. https://peru21.pe/lima/empleados-hogar-ocho-10-acceso-salud-191209
Gamlin, Jennie, Agnes Zenaida Camacho, Michelle Ong, And Therese Hesketh. "Is Domestic
Work A Worst Form of Child Labour? The Findings of a Six-Country Study of the Psychosocial Effects of Child Domestic Work." Children's Geographies 13, No. 2 (2015): 212-225.
INEI. “Evolucion de la Pobreza Monetaria 2007-2016.” Instituto Nacional de Estadistica e
Informatica. May 2018. https://www.inei.gob.pe/media/cifras_de_pobreza/pobreza2016.pdf
INEI. “Resultados Definitivos de los Censos Nacionales 2017.” Instituto Nacional de Estadistica
e Informatica. 2018. https://www.inei.gob.pe/estadisticas/censos/
International Labour Organization. “Labour informality affects almost 80 percent of the 18
million domestic workers in Latin America.” ILO, July 11, 2016. http://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/newsroom/news/WCMS_498779/lang--en/index.htm
International Labour Organization. “Peru ratifies Domestic Workers Convention, 2011.” ILO.
November 26, 2018. https://www.ilo.org/global/standards/WCMS_663773/lang--en/index.htm
Katz, Cindi. Growing up global: Economic restructuring and children's everyday lives. U of
Minnesota Press, 2004.
La Casa de Panchita. “Ley de los Trabajadores del Hogar”.
https://lacasadepanchita.com/documentos/LEY-DE-LOS-TRABAJADORES-DEL-HOGAR-Ley-No. 27986 03-06-03.pdf
Lautier, Bruno. "Las Empleadas Domésticas Latinoamericanas Y La Sociología Del Trabajo:
Algunas Observaciones Acerca Del Caso Brasileño." Revista Mexicana De Sociología 65, No. 4 (2003): 789-814.
Legua Bordon, Sheyla E. “El Aumento de la Vulneracion de los Derechos Laborales de las
Trabajadoras del Hogar, Lima Centro – 2017.” 2017. http://repositorio.ucv.edu.pe/handle/UCV/17422
Mayer, Jean François. Resisting Violence in Informal Workplaces: The Case of Brazilian
Domestic Workers, Working Paper, 2019.
Mick, Carola. "Discourses of ‘Border-Crossers’: Peruvian Domestic Workers in Lima as Social
Actors." Discourse Studies, 13, No. 2 (2011): 189-209.
MINTRA. “Ley de los Trabajadores del Hogar.” Ministerio del Trabajo del Peru. June 3, 2003.
http://www.mintra.gob.pe/contenidos/archivos/prodlab/LEY%20DE%20LOS%20TRABAJADORES%20DEL%20HOGAR%20Ley%20No.%2027986%2003-06-03.pdf
MTC. “Declaran que las playas del litoral son bienes de uso publico, inalienables e
imprescriptibles y establecen zona de dominio restringido.” Ministerio de Transporte, Comunicaciones, Vivienda y Construccion. https://www.sbn.gob.pe/documentos_web/normas_playas/ley_26856.pdf
Organización Internacional Del Trabajo. “Trabajo Doméstico Remunerado En El Perú: Situación
Y Perspectivas En Function Del Convenio 89 Y La Recomendación 201 De La OIT”
International Labour Organization. 2013.
http://www.ilo.org/Wcmsp5/Groups/Public/---Americas/---Ro- Lima/Documents/Publication/Wcms_213173.Pdf
Perez, Leda M., and Pedro Llanos Paredes. “Vulnerable Women in a Thriving Country: An
Analysis of Twenty-First-Century Domestic Workers in Peru and Recommendations for Future Research”. Latin American Research Review, 52(4), 552-570 (2017). DOI: http://doi.org/10.25222/larr.76/
Pérez, Leda M., and Pedro Llanos Paredes. "¿ Al fondo del escalafón?: un estado de la cuestión
sobre el trabajo doméstico remunerado en el Perú." Documentos CIUP 184 (2015).
“Peru: Proyecto de Ley 27986 y su Modificacion.” IDWFED. January 19th, 2017.
http://www.idwfed.org/es/relatos/peru-proyecto-de-ley-27986-y-su-modificacion/
Radcliffe, Sarah A. "Ethnicity, Patriarchy, And Incorporation into The Nation: Female Migrants
As Domestic Servants in Peru." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 8, No. 4 (1990): 379-393.
Resurreccion, Liliana S., Rafael Hernando Chanjan Document, and Carla Jeannette Villareal
Lopez. “Balance sobre el Cumplimiento de las Recomendaciones Defensoriales: Las Trabajadoras del Hogar en el Peru.” Defensoria del Pueblo. 2016. http://www.defensoria.gob.pe/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Informe-001-2016-DP-ADM--Las-trabajadoras-del-hogar-en-el-Peru.pdf
Rosas, Carolina, Verónica Jaramillo Fonnegra, and Albano Blas Vergara. "Trabajo Doméstico Y
Migraciones Latinoamericanas. Desde Argentina, Hallazgos Y Reflexiones Frente a Los
Destinos Extrarregionales." Estudios Demográficos Y Urbanos 30, No. 2 (2015): 253-
290.
Rottenbacher De Rojas, Jan Marc. "La Influencia De La Ideología Política Y La Intolerancia A
La Ambigüedad Sobre Diversas Expresiones Actitudinales Del
Heterosexismo." Pensamiento Psicológico 13, No. 2 (2015): 7-19.
Scott, James C. Decoding Subaltern Politics: Ideology, Disguise, And Resistance in Agrarian
Politics. Routledge, 2012.
Scott, James C. Domination and The Arts of Resistance: Hidden Transcripts. Yale University
Press, 1990.
Scott, James C. "Everyday Forms of Resistance." The Copenhagen Journal of Asian Studies 4,
No. 1 (1989): 33.
Scott, James C. "Weapons of The Weak: Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance." New Haven,
CT: Yale University Press (1985).
Staab, Silke, And Kristen Hill Maher. "The Dual Discourse About Peruvian Domestic Workers
In Santiago De Chile: Class, Race, And A Nationalist Project." Latin American Politics
And Society 48, No. 1 (2006): 87-116.
Steel, Griet. "Whose Paradise? Itinerant Street Vendors' Individual and Collective Practices Of
Political Agency in The Tourist Streets of Cusco, Peru." International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 36, No. 5 (2012): 1007-1021.
Tokman, Victor. "Domestic Workers in Latin America: Statistics for New Policies." Women In
Informal Employment Globalizing and Organizing (2010).
Wade, Peter. "Articulations of Eroticism and Race: Domestic Service in Latin
America." Feminist Theory 14, No. 2 (2013): 187-202.
All items in Spectrum are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved. The use of items is governed by Spectrum's terms of access.
Repository Staff Only: item control page
Download Statistics
Download Statistics