Login | Register

Analytical Design Procedures for the Odd Mode of Ridge Gap Waveguide Devices and Antennas

Title:

Analytical Design Procedures for the Odd Mode of Ridge Gap Waveguide Devices and Antennas

Beltayib, Abduladeem ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8405-1811 (2019) Analytical Design Procedures for the Odd Mode of Ridge Gap Waveguide Devices and Antennas. PhD thesis, Concordia University.

[thumbnail of Beltayib_PhD_S2020.pdf]
Preview
Text (application/pdf)
Beltayib_PhD_S2020.pdf - Accepted Version
9MB

Abstract

The millimeter-wave (mm-wave) band has attracted attention due to its wideband characteristics that make it able to support multi-gigabit per second data rate. Nevertheless, the performance of mm-wave wireless communication systems is restricted due to attenuation loss. Design of mm-wave components and antennas is rapidly growing with the current evolution in the wireless communication systems. However, the traditional waveguide structures such as microstrip, coplanar, substrate integrated waveguide, and rectangular waveguide either suffer from high losses or difficulty in manufacturing at mm-wave band. The ridge gap waveguide (RGW) technology is considered as a promising waveguide technology for the mm-wave band. RGW technology overcomes the conventional guiding structure problems as the wave propagates in an air gap region which eliminates the dielectric loss. Moreover, RGW does not need any electrical contacts, unlike traditional rectangular waveguides. Also, the RGW can be implemented in the printed form (PRGW) for easy integration with other planer system components.


In this thesis, the use of the odd mode (TE10 (RGW)) RGW to design mm-wave components and antennas is presented. First, a systematic design methodology for the RGW using hybrid PEC/PMC waveguide approximation is presented. This reduces the design time using full wave simulators. The concept has been verified by simulation and experimental measurements. Second, two different methods to excite the odd mode in RGW are studied and investigated. In the first method, a planar L-shape RGW is used where less than -10 dB reflection coefficient is achieved, from 28 to 36 GHz, and more than 93% of the input power has been converted into the odd mode at the output port. The second method uses a magic tee with a shorted sum port and provides a wideband pure odd mode at the output port with reflection coefficient less than -10 dB from 28 GHz to 39 GHz. Other mm-wave components based on odd mode TE10 RGW are designed and presented including a Y-junction power divider and 3 dB forward coupler are designed for the first time in RGW technology. The Y-junction has a wideband matching from 28 to 34 GHz with a reflection coefficient less than -15 dB and the transmission output levels are about -3.3 dB.



The usefulness of the odd mode RGW lies in the ability to increase the channel bandwidth that has been achieved by designing a dual-mode RGW. A magic tee is used to simultaneously excite the fundamental mode Q-TEM and the odd mode TE10 (RGW) on the ridgeline. The proposed dual-mode RGW performance is verified through simulation and measurement of a back-to-back configuration. The proposed design achieves a matching level less than -10 dB for the two modes over the frequency range from 29 GHz to 34.5 GHz with isolation better than 23 dB. The dual-mode RGW is then used to feed a reconfigurable Vivaldi horn antenna where two different radiation patterns can be obtained depending on the excited mode. The Q-TEM generates a single beam pattern, while the odd mode TE10 (RGW) generates a dual-beam pattern. The maximum gain for the single beam radiation is 12.1 dBi, while it is 10.43 dBi for the dual-beam pattern. The bandwidth of the dual-mode antenna is 25% at 32 GHz with impedance matching less than -10 dB and isolation better than 20 dB.




Finally, several antennas are presented in this thesis based on the odd mode RGW. A novel differential feeding cavity antenna using the odd mode of RGW is presented. The measured results show good performance in terms of gain, bandwidth, sidelobe level, and cross-polarization. The maximum gain is 16.5 dBi, and the sidelobe level is -17 dB and -13.8 dB, for the E-plane and H-plane, respectively. Moreover, the proposed antenna has low cross-polarization levels of -35 dB in the E-plane and -27 dB in the H-plane. In addition, two 2x1 linear frequency scanning array antennas are designed and implemented using the proposed Y-junction to generate single beam and dual-beam patterns. The beam scan is from -11(degree) to -40(degree) at 28 GHz and 32 GHz, respectively.

Divisions:Concordia University > Gina Cody School of Engineering and Computer Science
Item Type:Thesis (PhD)
Authors:Beltayib, Abduladeem
Institution:Concordia University
Degree Name:Ph. D.
Program:Electrical and Computer Engineering
Date:22 December 2019
Thesis Supervisor(s):Sebak, Abdel Razik
Keywords:Ridge gap waveguide, hybrid PEC/PMC waveguide, Hybrid forward couplers, periodic structure,High order mode, dual mode RGW, differential feeding network, Sum and Difference Beam Switching Antenna, Leaky wave Antenna, Frequency scanning Antenna.
ID Code:986501
Deposited By: Abduladeem Altayib Amer Beltayib
Deposited On:25 Jun 2020 18:40
Last Modified:17 Aug 2022 16:42

References:

[1] J.Wells, “Faster than fiber: The future of multi G/S wireless,” IEEE Microwave Magazine,
vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 104–112, 2009.
[2] E. Levine, G. Malamud, S. Shtrikman, and D. Treves, “A study of microstrip array
antennas with the feed network,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,
vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 426–434, 1989.
[3] F. Mesa, A. A. Oliner, D. R. Jackson, and M. J. Freire, “The influence of a top cover
on the leakage from microstrip line,” IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and
Techniques, vol. 48, no. 12, pp. 2240–2248, Dec 2000.
[4] D. Pozar, Microwave Engineering. Wiley, 1997.
[5] S. Gupta, Z. Briqech, and A. R. Sebak, “Analysis of 60 GHz ridge gap waveguide
based junctions, bends and losses,” IEEE International Conference on Antenna Innovations
Modern Technologies for Ground, Aircraft and Satellite Applications (iAIM), pp.
1–4, Nov 2017.
[6] A. Vosoogh, P.-S. Kildal, and V. Vassilev, “Wideband and high-gain corporate-fed
gap waveguide slot array antenna with ETSI class II radiation pattern in V -band,”
IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 65, no. 4, pp. 1823–1831, 2016.
[7] A. Vosoogh and P. S. Kildal, “Corporate-fed planar 60 GHz slot array made of three
unconnected metal layers using AMC pin surface for the gap waveguide,” IEEE
Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 15, pp. 1935–1938, 2015.
[8] D. Zarifi, A. Farahbakhsh, A. U. Zaman, and P. S. Kildal, “Design and fabrication
of a high gain 60 GHz corrugated slot antenna array with ridge gap waveguide distribution layer,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 64, no. 7, pp.
2905–2913, 2016.
[9] G. Bit-Babik, C. Di Nallo, and A. Faraone, “Multimode dielectric resonator antenna
of very high permittivity,” IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society Symposium, vol. 2,
pp. 1383–13 868, June 2004.
[10] B. Li and K. W. Leung, “A wideband strip-fed rectangular dielectric resonator antenna,”
IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, vol. 2A, pp.
172–175, July 2005.
[11] A. Petosa, S. Thirakoune, and A. Ittipiboon, “Higher-order modes in rectangular
dras for gain enhancement,” 2009 13th International Symposium on Antenna Technology
and Applied Electromagnetics and the Canadian Radio Science Meeting, pp. 1–4, Feb
2009.
[12] J. Xu, Z. N. Chen, X. Qing, and W. Hong, “A single-layer SIW slot array antenna
with TE20 mode,” Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference 2011, pp. 1330–1333, Dec 2011.
[13] A. Suntives and R. Abhari, “Design and application of multimode substrate integrated
waveguides in parallel multichannel signaling systems,” IEEE Transactions
on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 57, no. 6, pp. 1563–1571, 2009.
[14] P. Wu, J. Liu, and Q. Xue, “Wideband Excitation Technology of TE20 Mode Substrate
Integrated Waveguide (SIW) and Its Applications,” IEEE Transactions on Microwave
Theory and Techniques, vol. 63, no. 6, pp. 1863–1874, 2015.
[15] X. Li, J. Xiao, Z. Qi, and H. Zhu, “Broadband and High-Gain SIW-Fed Antenna
Array for 5G Applications,” IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 56 282–56 289, 2018.
[16] Z. Pi and F. Khan, “An introduction to millimeter-wave mobile broadband systems,”
IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 49, no. 6, pp. 101–107, June 2011.
[17] T. S. Rappaport, S. Sun, R. Mayzus, H. Zhao, Y. Azar, K. Wang, G. N. Wong, J. K.
Schulz, M. Samimi, and F. Gutierrez, “Millimeter Wave Mobile Communications
for 5G Cellular,” IEEE Access, vol. 1, pp. 335–349, 2013.
[18] A. Polemi, S. Maci, and P. S. Kildal, “Dispersion characteristics of a metamaterialbased
parallel plate ridge gap waveguide realized by bed of nails,” IEEE Transactions
on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 59, no. 3, pp. 904–913, 2010.
[19] T. K. Sarkar, M. C. Wicks, M. Salazar Palma, R. J. Bonneau et al., Smart antennas.
Wiley Online Library, 2003.
[20] T. K. Sarkar, R. Mailloux, A. A. Oliner, M. Salazar Palma, and D. L. Sengupta, History
of wireless. John Wiley & Sons, 2006, vol. 177.
[21] H. Jia-Sheng and M. Lancaster, Microstrip filters for RF/microwave applications. New
York:Wiley, 2001.
[22] R. Simons, Coplanar Waveguide Circuits, Components, and Systems, ser. Wiley Series
in Microwave and Optical Engineering. Wiley, 2004.
[23] L. G. Maloratsky, “Reviewing the basics of suspended striplines.(tutorial),” Microwave
journal, vol. 45, no. 10, pp. 82–91, 2002.
[24] M.-H. Ho and P.-F. Chen, “Suspended substrate stripline bandpass filters with
source load coupling structure using lumped and ful -wave mixed approach,”
Progress In Electromagnetics Research, vol. 122, pp. 519–535, 2012.
[25] C. A. Balanis, Antenna theory: analysis and design. John wiley & sons, 2016.
[26] C. A. Palmer and E. G. Loewen, Diffraction grating handbook. Thermo RGL New
York, 2002, vol. 5.
[27] D. Deslandes and K. Wu, “Single substrate integration technique of planar circuits
and waveguide filters,” IEEE Transactions on microwave theory and Techniques, vol. 51,
no. 2, pp. 593–596, 2003.
[28] F. Xu and K. Wu, “Guided wave and leakage characteristics of substrate integrated
waveguide,” IEEE Transactions on microwave theory and techniques, vol. 53, no. 1, pp.
66–73, 2005.
[29] M. Bozzi, M. Pasian, L. Perregrini, and K.Wu, “On the losses in substrate integrated
waveguides,” 2007 European Microwave Conference, pp. 384–387, 2007.
[30] P. S. Kildal, E. Alfonso, A. Valero Nogueira, and E. Rajo Iglesias, “Local metamaterial
based waveguides in gaps between parallel metal plates,” IEEE Antennas and
Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 8, no. 2009, pp. 84–87, 2009.
[31] P.-S. Kildal, “Three metamaterial-based gap waveguides between parallel metal
plates for mm/submm waves,” 2009 3rd European Conference on Antennas and Propagation,
pp. 28–32, 2009.
[32] P.-S. Kildal and A. Kishk, “EM Modeling of surfaces with STOP or GO
characteristics-artificial magnetic conductors and soft and hard surfaces,” Applied
Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 32–40, 2003.
[33] D. Sievenpiper, L. Zhang, R. F. Broas, N. G. Alexopolous, E. Yablonovitch et al.,
“High impedance electromagnetic surfaces with a forbidden frequency band,” IEEE
Transactions on Microwave Theory and techniques, vol. 47, no. 11, pp. 2059–2074, 1999.
[34] Y. J. Lee, J. Yeo, R. Mittra, andW. S. Park, “Application of electromagnetic bandgap
(EBG) superstrates with controllable defects for a class of patch antennas as spatial
angular filters,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 53, no. 1, pp.
224–235, 2005.
[35] S.-G. Mao and M.-Y. Chen, “Propagation characteristics of finite width conductorbacked
coplanar waveguides with periodic electromagnetic bandgap cells,” IEEE
transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 50, no. 11, pp. 2624–2628, 2002.
[36] F. Yang and Y. Rahmat-Samii, “Reflection phase characterizations of the EBG
ground plane for low profile wire antenna applications,” IEEE Transactions on antennas
and propagation, vol. 51, no. 10, pp. 2691–2703, 2003.
[37] P. A. Belov, R. Marqués, S. I. Maslovski, I. S. Nefedov, M. Silveirinha, C. R. Simovski,
and S. A. Tretyakov, “Strong spatial dispersion in wire media in the very large
wavelength limit,” Phys. Rev. B, vol. 67, p. 113103, Mar 2003.
[38] M. G. Silveirinha, C. A. Fernandes, and J. R. Costa, “Electromagnetic characterization
of textured surfaces formed by metallic pins,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas
and Propagation, vol. 56, no. 2, pp. 405–415, 2008.
[39] E. Rajo-Iglesias, M. Ferrando-Rocher, and A. U. Zaman, “Gap waveguide technology
for millimeter wave antenna systems,” IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 56,
no. 7, pp. 14–20, 2018.
[40] N. Ashraf, A. A. Kishk, and A. Sebak, “Ridge Gap Waveguide Quasi-TEM Horn
Antenna for Ka-band Applications,” 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas
and Propagation USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting, pp. 421–422, July 2018.
[41] J. Liu, A. Vosoogh, A. U. Zaman, and J. Yang, “A slot array antenna with singlelayered
corporate-feed based on ridge gap waveguide in the 60 GHz band,” IEEE
Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 67, no. 3, pp. 1650–1658, 2018.
[42] Q. Gao, “Ridged waveguide slot antenna using high impedance ground plane,”
IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 6, pp. 454–456, 2007.
[43] D. Zarifi, A. Farahbakhsh, A. U. Zaman, and P.-S. Kildal, “Design and fabrication
of a high gain 60 GHz corrugated slot antenna array with ridge gap waveguide
distribution layer,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 64, no. 7, pp.
2905–2913, 2016.
[44] S. I. Shams and A. A. Kishk, “Design of 3-dB hybrid coupler based on RGW technology,”
IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 65, no. 10, pp.
3849–3855, 2017.
[45] M. M. M. Ali, S. I. Shams, and A. R. Sebak, “Printed ridge gap waveguide 3 dB
coupler Analysis and design procedure,” IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 8501–8509, 2017.
[46] A. Polemi and S. Maci, “Closed form expressions for the modal dispersion equations
and for the characteristic impedance of a metamaterial based gap waveguide,”
IET microwaves, antennas propagation, vol. 4, no. 8, pp. 1073–1080, 2010.
[47] Y. J. Cheng, W. Hong, and K. Wu, “Design of a monopulse antenna using a dual
V-type linearly tapered slot antenna (DVLTSA),” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and
Propagation, vol. 56, no. 9, pp. 2903–2909, 2008.
[48] X. Cheng and Y.-K. Yoon, “Hybrid mode radiation in patch antenna loaded with
corrugated electric via arrays,” 2011 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and
Propagation (APSURSI), pp. 2080–2082, 2011.
[49] W. Peng,W. Cao, and Z. Qian, “High-gain electrically large air-cavity-backed patch
antenna element and array,” IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 74 072–74 080, 2018.
[50] S. I. Shams, M. A. Abdelaal, and A. A. Kishk, “Broadside uniform leaky-wave slot
array fed by ridge gap splitted line,” in 2015 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas
and Propagation USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting. IEEE, 2015, pp.
2467–2468.
[51] S. I. Shams and A. A. Kishk, “Wide band power divider based on ridge gap waveguide,”
in 2016 17th International Symposium on Antenna Technology and Applied Electromagnetics
(ANTEM), 2016, pp. 1–2.
[52] E. Alfonso, M. Baquero, A. Valero-Nogueira, J. Herranz, and P.-S. Kildal, “Power
divider in ridge gap waveguide technology,” in Proceedings of the Fourth European
Conference on Antennas and Propagation, 2010, pp. 1–4.
[53] M. R. Rahimi, N. Bayat-Makou, and A. A. Kishk, “Millimeter-Wave Substrate Integrated
GapWaveguide Leaky-Wave Antenna forWiGig Applications,” IEEE Transactions
on Antennas and Propagation, 2019.
[54] J. Xi, B. Cao, H.Wang, and Y. Huang, “A novel 77 GHz circular polarization slot antenna
using ridge gap waveguide technology,” in 2015 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference
(APMC), vol. 3, 2015, pp. 1–3.
[55] A. U. Zaman and P.-S. Kildal, “Ku band linear slot-array in ridge gapwaveguide
technology,” in 2013 7th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP),
2013, pp. 3078–3081.
[56] M. Ferrando-Rocher, A. Valero-Nogueira, J. I. Herranz-Herruzo, and A. Berenguer,
“V-band single-layer slot array fed by ridge gap waveguide,” in 2016 IEEE International
Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (APSURSI), 2016, pp. 389–390.
[57] M. A. Abdelaal, S. I. Shams, M. A. Moharram, M. Elsaadany, and A. A. Kishk,
“Compact full band omt based on dual-mode double-ridge waveguide,” IEEE
Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 66, no. 6, pp. 2767–2774, 2018.
[58] J. Rebollar, J. Esteban, and J. De Frutos, “A dual frequency OMT in the Ku band for
TT&C applications,” in IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium,
vol. 4, 1998, pp. 2258–2261.
[59] R. W. Jackson, “A planar orthomode transducer,” IEEE microwave and wireless components
letters, vol. 11, no. 12, pp. 483–485, 2001.
[60] L. Petit, L. Dussopt, and J.-M. Laheurte, “MEMS-switched parasitic-antenna array
for radiation pattern diversity,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,
vol. 54, no. 9, pp. 2624–2631, 2006.
[61] A. I. Sotiriou, P. K. Varlamos, P. Trakadas, and C. N. Capsalis, “Performance of a
six-beam switched parasitic planar array under one path rayleigh fading environment,”
Progress In Electromagnetics Research, vol. 62, pp. 89–106, 2006.
[62] M. Kamran Saleem, M. A. Alkanhal, and A. F. Sheta, “Switched beam dielectric
resonator antenna array with six reconfigurable radiation patterns,” International
Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering, vol. 26, no. 6, pp. 519–530,
2016.
[63] S. Yonezawa, R. Bakar, H. Arai, A. Miura, and H. Tsuji, “Beam switched antenna
using inverted F antenna for mobile terminal,” in 2016 International Symposium on
Antennas and Propagation (ISAP), 2016, pp. 1064–1065.
[64] V. Semkin, F. Ferrero, A. Bisognin, J. Ala-Laurinaho, C. Luxey, F. Devillers, and
A. Räisänen, “Beam switching conformal antenna array for mm-wave communications,”
IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 15, pp. 28–31, 2015.
[65] K. Hosoya, N. Prasad, K. Ramachandran, N. Orihashi, S. Kishimoto, S. Rangarajan,
and K. Maruhashi, “Multiple sector ID capture (MIDC): A novel beamforming
technique for 60-GHz band multi-Gbps WLAN/PAN systems,” IEEE Transactions
on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 63, no. 1, pp. 81–96, 2014.
[66] Z. L. Ma, C. H. Chan, K. B. Ng, and L. J. Jiang, “A supercell based dual beam dielectric
grating antenna for 60 GHz application,” in 2015 IEEE International Symposium
on Antennas and Propagation and USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting, 2015,
pp. 643–644.
[67] M. Danielsen and R. Jorgensen, “Frequency scanning microstrip antennas,” IEEE
Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 146–150, 1979.
[68] W. Cao, Z. N. Chen, W. Hong, B. Zhang, and A. Liu, “A beam scanning leakywave
slot antenna with enhanced scanning angle range and flat gain characteristic
using composite phase-shifting transmission line,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas
and Propagation, vol. 62, no. 11, pp. 5871–5875, Nov 2014.
[69] R. S. Elliot, antenna theory and design. Prentice-Hall, 1981.
[70] L. Cui, W. Wu, and D.-G. Fang, “Printed frequency beam-scanning antenna with
flat gain and low sidelobe levels,” IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters,
vol. 12, pp. 292–295, 2013.
[71] F. Molaee-Ghaleh and K. Mohammadpour-Aghdam, “Design of a Millimeter-Wave
Frequency-Scanning Slot Array Antenna in SIW Technology,” in 2018 Fifth International
Conference on Millimeter-Wave and Terahertz Technologies (MMWaTT), 2018, pp.
74–77.
[72] M. Singh and B. Ghosh, “Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) Leaky-Wave Antenna
With Sinusoidally Modulated Transverse Slots,” in 2018 IEEE Indian Conference
on Antennas and Propogation (InCAP), Dec 2018, pp. 1–4.
[73] J. L. Gomez-Tornero, D. Canete-Rebenaque, and A. Alvarez-Melcon, “Microstrip
leaky-wave antenna with control of leakage rate and only one main beam in the
azimuthal plane,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 56, no. 2, pp.
335–344, Feb 2008.
[74] H. J. Riblet, “The short-slot hybrid junction,” Proceedings of the IRE, vol. 40, no. 2,
pp. 180–184, 1952.
[75] I. Bahl and P. B. R. Mongia, “RF and microwave coupled line circuits,” Microwave
Journal, vol. 44, no. 5, pp. 390–390, 2001.
[76] R. F. Harrington, “Time-harmonic,” Electromagnetic Fields, pp. 168–171, 2001.
[77] T. Oyedokun, R. Geschke, and T. Stander, “A tunable ka-band planar groove gap
waveguide resonant cavity,” in 2017 IEEE Radio and Antenna Days of the Indian Ocean
(RADIO), 2017, pp. 1–2.
[78] S. Sirci, J. Martinez, M. Taroncher, and V. Boria, “Varactor-loaded continuously tunable
SIW resonator for reconfigurable filter design,” in 2011 41st European Microwave
Conference, 2011, pp. 436–439.
[79] A. A. Brazález, A. U. Zaman, and P.-S. Kildal, “Investigation of a microstrip-toridge
gap waveguide transition by electromagnetic coupling,” in Proceedings of the
2012 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation, 2012, pp. 1–2.
[80] A. U. Zaman, T. Vukusic, M. Alexanderson, and P.-S. Kildal, “Design of a simple
transition from microstrip to ridge gap waveguide suited for MMIC and antenna
integration,” IEEE Antennas and wireless propagation letters, vol. 12, pp. 1558–1561,
2013.
[81] A. A. Brazález, J. Flygare, J. Yang, V. Vassilev, M. Baquero-Escudero, and P.-S. Kildal,
“Design of F-Band Transition From Microstrip to Ridge Gap Waveguide Including
Monte Carlo Assembly Tolerance Analysis,” IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory
and Techniques, vol. 64, no. 4, pp. 1245–1254, 2016.
[82] A. Chauloux, F. Colombel, M. Himdi, J. Lasserre, P. Bruguiere, P. Pouliguen, and
P. Potier, “High gain and low losses antenna array for high power microwave applications,”
in The 8th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP 2014),
2014, pp. 1705–1709.
[83] S. B. Yeap, Z. N. Chen, and X. Qing, “Gain enhanced 60 GHz LTCC antenna array
with open air cavities,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 59, no. 9,
pp. 3470–3473, 2011.
[84] W. Yang, H. Wang, W. Che, Y. Huang, and J. Wang, “High gain and low loss millimeter
wave ltcc antenna array using artificial magnetic conductor structure,” IEEE
Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 63, no. 1, pp. 390–395, 2014.
[85] A. Suntives and R. Abhari, “Ultra high speed multichannel data transmission using
hybrid substrate integrated waveguides,” IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory
and Techniques, vol. 56, no. 8, pp. 1973–1984, 2008.
[86] H. Jin, W. Che, W. Yang, and K.-S. Chin, “A millimeter-wave TE 20-mode SIWfed
patch antenna array with differential feeding network,” in 2017 47th European
Microwave Conference (EuMC), 2017, pp. 400–403.
[87] J. Xu, Z. N. Chen, X. Qing, and W. Hong, “A single-layer SIW slot array antenna
with TE 20 mode,” in Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference, 2011, pp. 1330–1333.
[88] W. Han, F. Yang, J. Ouyang, and P. Yang, “Low cost wideband and high gain slotted
cavity antenna using high order modes for millimeter wave application,” IEEE
Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 63, no. 11, pp. 4624–4631, 2015.
[89] F. Ren, W. Hong, K. Wu, D. Yu, and Y. Wan, “Polarization adjustable planar array
antenna with SIW fed high order mode microstrip patch,” IEEE Transactions on
Antennas and Propagation, vol. 65, no. 11, pp. 6167–6172, 2017.
[90] K.-D. Xu, W. Li, and Y. Liu, “Dual-Frequency SIW cavity-backed slot antenna using
two high-order modes,” in 2017 Sixth Asia-Pacific Conference on Antennas and
Propagation (APCAP), 2017, pp. 1–3.
[91] C.Wu, H.Wang, X. Jiang, S. Quan, and X. Liu, “High-gain dual-polarization higher
order mode substrate integrated cavity antenna array,” in 2016 11th International
Symposium on Antennas, Propagation and EM Theory (ISAPE), 2016, pp. 129–131.
[92] A. Kaur, R. Khanna, and M. Kartikeyan, “A novel miniature antenna for Ka band
applications at 33 GHz,” in 2011 International Conference on Multimedia Technology,
2011, pp. 2880–2883.
[93] J. Huang, “A ka band circularly polarized high-gain microstrip array antenna,”
IEEE Transactions on antennas and propagation, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 113–116, 1995.
[94] P.-S. Kildal, A. U. Zaman, E. Rajo-Iglesias, E. Alfonso, and A. Valero-Nogueira,
“Design and experimental verification of ridge gap waveguide in bed of nails for
parallel-plate mode suppression,” IET Microwaves, Antennas and Propagation, vol. 5,
no. 3, pp. 262–270, 2011.
[95] A. U. Zaman and P.-S. Kildal, “Slot antenna in ridge gap waveguide technology,” in
2012 6th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EUCAP), 2012, pp. 3243–
3244.
[96] P. S. Kildal, A. U. Zaman, E. Rajo Iglesias, E. Alfonso, and A. Valero Nogueira,
“Design and experimental verification of ridge gap waveguide in bed of nails for
parallel-plate mode suppression,” IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, vol. 5,
no. 3, pp. 262–270, 2011.
[97] M. Bosiljevac, Z. Sipus, and P.-S. Kildal, “Construction of green’s functions of parallel
plates with periodic texture with application to gap waveguides–a plane-wave
spectral-domain approach,” IET microwaves, antennas and propagation, vol. 4, no. 11,
pp. 1799–1810, 2010.
[98] T. Granberg, Handbook of digital techniques for high-speed design: design examples, signaling
and memory technologies, fiber optics, modeling and simulation to ensure signal
integrity. Prentice-Hall, 2004.
[99] F. Zarkeshvari, P. Noel, S. Uhanov, and T. Kwasniewski, “An overview of highspeed
serial I/O trends, techniques and standards,” in Canadian Conference on Electrical
and Computer Engineering 2004 (IEEE Cat. No. 04CH37513), vol. 2, 2004, pp.
1215–1220.
[100] R. Farjad-Rad, C.-K. Yang, and M. A. Horowitz, “A 0.3-/spl mu/m CMOS 8-Gb/s
4-PAM serial link transceiver,” IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 35, no. 5, pp.
757–764, 2000.
[101] J. T. Stonick, G.-Y. Wei, J. L. Sonntag, and D. K. Weinlader, “An adaptive PAM-4 5-
Gb/s backplane transceiver in 0.25-/spl mu/m CMOS,” IEEE Journal of Solid-State
Circuits, vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 436–443, 2003.
[102] X. Ma, L. Li, M. Zhu, W. Chen, and Z. Han, “Multilevel polar-coded modulation
based on cooperative relaying,” in 2017 9th International Conference on Wireless Communications
and Signal Processing (WCSP), 2017, pp. 1–4.
[103] K. Wu, D. Deslandes, and Y. Cassivi, “The substrate integrated circuits-a new concept
for high-frequency electronics and optoelectronics,” in 6th International Conference
on Telecommunications in Modern Satellite, Cable and Broadcasting Service, vol. 1,
2003, pp. P–III.
[104] C.-H. Tseng and T.-H. Chu, “Measurement of frequency-dependent equivalent
width of substrate integrated waveguide,” IEEE transactions on microwave theory and
techniques, vol. 54, no. 4, pp. 1431–1437, 2006.
[105] X.-W. Yuan, X.-C. Li, N. Wang, X.-J. Ma, Y. Shao, and J.-F. Mao, “High-speed data
transmission system using half mode substrate integrated waveguide,” in 2014
IEEE Electrical Design of Advanced Packaging Systems Symposium (EDAPS), 2014, pp.
105–108.
[106] W. Ma, K. Wu, W. Hong, and Y.-J. Cheng, “Investigations on half-mode substrate
integrated waveguide for high-speed interconnect application,” in 2008 IEEE MTTS
International Microwave Workshop Series on Art of Miniaturizing RF and Microwave
Passive Components, 2008, pp. 120–123.
[107] A. Suntives and R. Abhari, “Dual-mode high-speed data transmission using substrate
integrated waveguide interconnects,” in 2007 IEEE Electrical Performance of
Electronic Packaging, 2007, pp. 215–218.
[108] H. Li,W. Hong, T. J. Cui, K. Wu, Y. L. Zhang, and L. Yan, “Propagation characteristics
of substrate integrated waveguide based on LTCC,” in IEEE MTT-S International
Microwave Symposium Digest, 2003, vol. 3, 2003, pp. 2045–2048.
[109] D. Stephens, P. R. Young, and I. D. Robertson, “Millimeter-wave substrate integrated
waveguides and filters in photoimageable thick-film technology,” IEEE
Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 53, no. 12, pp. 3832–3838, 2005.
[110] P. F. Driessen, “Gigabit/s indoor wireless systems with directional antennas,” IEEE
Transactions on Communications, vol. 44, no. 8, pp. 1034–1043, 1996.
[111] Y. Tao and G. Delisle, “Lens-fed multiple beam array for millimeter wave indoor
communications,” in IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium
1997. Digest, vol. 4, 1997, pp. 2206–2209.
[112] C.-C. Hu, C. Jsu, and J.-J. Wu, “An aperture-coupled linear microstrip leaky-wave
antenna array with two-dimensional dual-beam scanning capability,” IEEE Transactions
on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 48, no. 6, pp. 909–913, 2000.
[113] A. A. Oliner, D. R. Jackson, and J. Volakis, “Leaky-wave antennas,” Antenna engineering
handbook, vol. 4, p. 12, 2007.
[114] R. E. Collin and F. Zucker, Antenna theory. McGraw-Hill, 1969.
All items in Spectrum are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved. The use of items is governed by Spectrum's terms of access.

Repository Staff Only: item control page

Downloads per month over past year

Research related to the current document (at the CORE website)
- Research related to the current document (at the CORE website)
Back to top Back to top