Farahdel, Sarah (2020) A Visual Performance Management Framework to Improve Decision Making using Lean Six Sigma. Masters thesis, Concordia University.
Text (application/pdf)
3MBFarahdel_MSc_S2020.pdf - Accepted Version Restricted to Registered users only Available under License Spectrum Terms of Access. |
Abstract
Organizations today understand the need to have an effective performance management system as a necessity to be successful in their business. They still however struggle to be best-in-class and deliver exceptional results due to unstructured measurement processes that are not in line with their key strategic objectives. Effective performance measures allow for an improved evaluation of the health of the business and provides an open and transparent communication between all key stakeholders. This thesis provides an overview of performance management systems (PMS’s), the existing frameworks in literature, common communication strategies and big data analytic practices. A continuous improvement approach, Lean Six Sigma (LSS) and its Define-Measure-Analyze-Improve-Control (DMAIC) methodology was examined to serve as an implementation plan towards deploying a PMS. To this end, a multi-criteria hierarchical framework called visual performance management (VPM) has been developed to provide an effective approach in deploying PMS’s using the DMAIC methodology and recommends proper communication strategies amongst all levels of the organization. The recommended VPM framework is then applied to a Program Management Office (PMO) of an aerospace company which is responsible for processing product change requests (PCR’s). Factors were identified in defining the right performance metrics for strategic, tactical and operational levels of the team. A time studies analysis was conducted to demonstrate how the VPM framework resulted in significant time and cost savings from a current annual cost of $600,000 to sustain their PMS to an annual cost of around $72,800. This study provides insight on the importance of creating an effective PMS and designs an original approach through a simple and quick way to adopt and sustain the proposed framework for any large organization.
Divisions: | Concordia University > Gina Cody School of Engineering and Computer Science > Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Engineering |
---|---|
Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
Authors: | Farahdel, Sarah |
Institution: | Concordia University |
Degree Name: | M.A. Sc. |
Program: | Industrial Engineering |
Date: | March 2020 |
Thesis Supervisor(s): | Bhuiyan, Nadia |
Keywords: | Performance Measurement System (PMS), Visual Performance Management (VPM), Lean Six Sigma (LSS), Balanced Scorecard (BSC), Executive Dashboards, Key Performance Indicators (KPI’s), Metrics, Project Management, Program Management Office (PMO), Strategic, Tactical and Operational levels, Big Data Analytics (BDA), Bottom-Up approach, Top-Down approach |
ID Code: | 986668 |
Deposited By: | SARAH FARAHDEL |
Deposited On: | 16 Oct 2020 16:00 |
Last Modified: | 16 Oct 2020 16:00 |
References:
Ackoff, R. (1989). From data to wisdom. Journal of Applied Systems Analysis, 16, 3-9.Addo-Tenkorang,, R., & Helo, P. (2016). Big Data Applications in Operations/Supply-Chain Management: A Literature Review. Computers & Industrial Engineering 101, 528-543.
Aguinis, H. (2009). Performance Management (2 ed.). Dorling Kindersley India Pvt. Ltd.
Ahlemann, F., El Arbi, F., Kaiser, M., & Heck, A. (2013). A process framework for theoretically grounded prescriptive research in the project management field. International Journal of Project Management, 31(1), 43-56.
Ahn, H., Hanh Le, M., Clermont, M., & Souren, R. (2016). Decision-oriented Performance Measurement Framework - An Emphasis on Rationality. Nachhaltiges Entscheiden, 369383.
Alketbi, S., & Gardiner, P. (2014). Top Down Management in Project Portfolio Management. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 119, 611-614.
Allan, N., Ellinas, C., & Johansson, A. (2016). Project systemic risk: Application examples of a network model. International Journal of Production Economics, 182, 50-62.
Allen, T. T. (2006). Introduction to Engineering Statistics and Six Sigma - Statistical Quality Control and Design of Experiments and Systems. Columbus, Ohio: Springer.
Almannai, B., & Kay, J. (2008). A decision support tool based on QFD and FMEA for the selection of manufacturing automation technologies. Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 22(4), 501-507.
Anand, N., & Grover, N. (2015). Measuring retail supply chain performance: Theoretical model using key performance indicators (KPIs). Benchmarking: An International Journal, 22(1), 135-166.
Anthony, J., & Gupta, S. (2019). Top ten reasons for process improvement project failures. International Journal of Lean Six Sigma, 10(1), 367-374.
Antony, J., Gupta, S. K., Gunasekaran, A., Roubaud, D., Gupta, S., & Bag, S. (2019a). Systematic literature review of project failures: Current trends and scope for future research.
Computers & Industrial Engineering, 127, 274-285.
Antony, J., Lizarelli, F. L., Fernandes, M. M., Dempsey, M., Brennan, A., & McFarlane, J.
(2019b). A study into the reasons for process improvement project failures: results from a
pilot survey. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 36(10), 16991720.
Antony, J., Tiwari, M., & Kumar, M. (2006). Six Sigma Implementation Framework for SME's - A Roadmap to Manage and Sustain the Change. International Journal of Production Research, 49(18), 407-423.
Armstrong, M. (2009). Armstrong's Handbook of Performance Management: And evidence-based guide to delivering high performance (Vol. 4th Edition). London and Philadelphia: Kogan Page.
Asokan, A. A., Regikumar, G., & Sreedharan, V. R. (2020). Impact of data-driven decisionmaking in Lean Six Sigma: an empirical analysis. Total Quality Management & Business Excelllence, 31(3), 279-296.
Aven, T. (2016). Risk assessment and risk management: Review of recent advances on their foundation. European Journal of Operational Research, 253(1), 1-13.
Ayman, N., & Safwan, A. (2017). Integration of value stream map and strategic layout planning into DMAIC approach to improve carpeting process,. Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management , 10(1), 74-97.
Bacal, R. (2012). Performance Management. United States: McGraw-Hill.
Baghel, A. (2004). An Evaluation of Continuous Improvement Methodologies and Performance. Concordia University. Montreal, Quebec, Canada: Spectrum Library Concordia.
Baryannis, G., Validi, S., Dani, S., & Antoniou, G. (2018). Supply Chain Risk Management and Artificial Intelligence: State of the art and Future Research Directions. International Journal of Production Research, 57(7), 2179-2202.
Ben Romdhane, T., Badreddine, A., & Sansa, M. (2016). A new model to implement Six Sigma in small- and medium-sized enterprises. Internation Journal of Production Research, 55(15), 4319-4340.
Best, R. (2013). Market-Based Management: Strategies for Growing Customer Value and Profitability (Vol. 6th Edition). USA: Pearson Internationnal.
Bianchi, C., & Tomaselli, S. (2015). A Dynamic Performance Management Approach to support local strategic planning. International Review of Public Administration, 20(4), 370-385.
Bisbe, J., & Malagueno, R. (2012). Using Strategic Performance Measurement Systems for Strategy Formulation: Does it work n dynamic environments? Management Accounting Research, 23(4), 296-311.
Bititci, U., Carrie, A., & Suwignjo, P. (2000). Quantitative models for performance measurement system. International Journal of Production Economics, 64(1-3), 231-241.
Bose, R. (2006). Understanding management data systems for enterprise performance management. Industrial Management and Data Systems, 106, 43-59.
Breiter, A. (2003). Information - knowledge - sense-making: A theoretical analysis from management/business literature. Bremen, Germany: Unpublished manuscript.
Brue, G. (2003). Design for Six Sigma. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Brussee, W. (2006). All About Six Sigma: The Easy Way to get Started. New York, NY: McGraw
Hill.
Bugwandeen, K., & Ungerer, M. (2019). Exploring the Design of Performance Dashboards in Relation to Achieving Organisational Strategic Goals. South African Journal of Industrial Engineering, 30 (2), 161-175.
Campbell, A., Whitehead, J., & Finkelstein, S. (2009). Why Good Leaders Make Bad Decisions. In Making Smart Decisions (Vol. 1, pp. 199-201). Boston, Massachusetts, USA: Harvard Business Review.
Cardy, R., & Leonard, B. (2011). Performance Management: Concepts, Skills, and Exercise. London and New York: Routledge Taylor & Francis Group.
Chennell, A., Dransfield, S., Field, J., Fisher, N., Saunders, I., & Shaw, D. (2000). OPM: A System for Organizational Performance Measurement. Performance Measurement – Past, Present and Future (pp. 96-103). Cranfield: Cranfield University.
Chiozza, M. L., & Ponzetti, C. (2009). FMEA: A model for reducing medical errors. Clinica Chimica Acta, 404(1), 75-78.
Creelman, D. (2012). Six Stories of Successful Performance Management. Institute for Human Resources.
Creelman, J., & Smart, A. (2013). Risk-Based Performance Management: Integrating Strategy and Risk Management. New York: Palgrave Macmillan Springer.
Dagan, B. (2007). Dashboards and Scorecards Aid in Performance Management and Monitoring.
Natural Gas & Electricity, 23-27.
David, I. (2009). Technical Problem Solving. Validation Technology.
Defeo, J. (2017). Juran's Quality Handbook: The Complete Guide to Performance Excellence (7 ed.). United States of America: McGraw-Hill Education.
Doolen, T., Traxler, M., & McBride, K. (2006). Using Scorecards for Supplier Performance Improvement: Case Application in a Lean Manufacturing Organization. Engineering Management Journal, 18, 26-35.
Dresner, H. (2008). The Performance Management Revolution: Business Results Through Insight and Action. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. .
Drucker, P. (1954). The Practice of Management. New York: Harper and Brothers.
Drucker, P. (1989). The new realities: In government and politics/in economics and business/in society and world view. New York, NY: Harper & Row.
Drucker, P. F. (2006). The Practice of Management. Collins, NY: Harper Business.
Eckerson, W. (2011). Performance Dashboards: Measuring, monitoring, and managing your business (2 ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Ely, C., & Scott, I. (2007). Essential Study Skills for Nursing. Edinburgh: Elsevier.
Ferreira, A., & Otley, D. (2009). The Design and Use of Performance Management Systems: An extended framework for analysis. Management Accounting Research, 20(4), 263-282.
Fitzgerald, L., Johnston, R., Silvestro, R., & Voss, C. (1991). Performance Measurement in Service Businesses. London: CIMA Publishing.
Freeman, E. R. (1984). Strategic Management: A stakeholder approach. Boston: Cambridge University Press.
Gantz, J., & Reinsel, D. (2012, December 12). The Digital Universe in 2020: Big Data, Bigger Digital Shadows, and Biggest Growth in the Far East. IDC-EMC Corporation.
Garvin, D. A. (1993). Building a Learning Organization. Harvard Business Review, 8.
George, M. (2003). Lean Six Sigma for Services. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
Glogovac, M., & Filipovic, J. (2018). Quality costs in practice and an analysis of the factors affecting quality cost management. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 29(13-14), 1521-1544.
Gunasekaran, A., Shivam , G., & Modgil, S. (2019). Big data in lean six sigma: a review and further research directions. International Journal of Production Research, DOI:
10.1080/00207543.2019.1598599.
Hale, J. (2004). Performance-Based Management: What Every Manager Should Do to Get Results. San Francisco, CA: Pfeiffer.
Hale, J., & Gilmore, E. (2007). Performance-based management: What every manager should do to get results. International Society for Performance Improvement, 44(10), 45-47.
Hansson, S. O., & Aven, T. (2014). Is Risk Analysis Scientific? Risk Analysis, 34(7), 1173-1183.
Hassan, R., Marimuthu, M., & Mahinderjit-Singh, M. (2016). Application of Six-Sigma for Process Improvement in Manufacturing Industries: A Case Study. International Business Management, 10(5), 676-691.
Hubbard, D. W. (2014). How to Measure Anything: Finding the Value of Intangibles in Business. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. : Hoboken, New Jersey.
Huwe, R. A. (2010). Metrics 2.0 Creating Scorecards for High-Performing Teams and Organizations. Santa Barbara, California: Praeger ABC-CLIO, LLC.
Hynes, J., Murray, A., Eustace, S., Gilchrist, S., Dolan, A., & Lawler, L. (2019). Use of Lean Six Sigma methodology shows reduction of inpatient waiting time for peripherally inserted central catheter placement. Clinical Radiology, 74(9), 733-739.
Jamil, C., & Mohamed, R. (2011). Performance Measurement (PMS) In Small Medium Enterprises (SMES): A Pratical Modified Framework. World Journal of Social Sciences, 1, 200-212.
Jeffrey, M. (2010). Data-driven marketing: The 15 metrics everyone in marketing should know. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Kamble, S. S., & Gunasekaran, A. (2019). Big data-driven supply chain performance measurement system: a review and framework for implementation. International Journal of Production Research, 58(1), 65-86.
Kaoudom, N., Yimtrakarn, T., & Choomrit, N. (2019). Using DMAIC Methodology to Reduce Defect in Sport Bar Products. (pp. 852-855). Thailand: IEEE 6th International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Applications.
Kaplan, R., & Norton, D. (1992). The balanced scorecard: measures that drive performance.
Harvard Business Review, 71-90.
Kaplan, R., & Norton, D. (1996). The Balanced Scorecard. Boston, MA: Havard Business School Press.
Kaplan, R., & Norton, D. (2001). Transforming the Balanced Scorecard from Performance Measurement to Strategic Management: Part II. American Accounting Association Accounting Horizons, June, 147-160.
Keegan, D., Eiler, R., & Jones, C. (1989). Are your performance measures obsolete? Management Accounting, 45-50.
Kelz, R., & Wong, S. (2017). Surgical Quality Improvement. In C. Minami, K. Bilimoria, & A. Yang, The Science of Quality Improvement (pp. 9-12). Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
Kerzner, H. (2009). Project Management: A System Approach to Planning, Scheduling and Control. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Keyes, J. (2011). Implementing Project Management Balanced Scorecard. Boca Raton: CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group.
Kim, D., & Salehan, M. (2016). Predicting the Performance of Online Consumer Reviews: A Sentiment Mining Approach to Big Data Analytics. Decision Support Systems 81, 30-40.
Kim, J., & Arnold, P. (1996). Operationalizing manufacturing strategy: an exploratory study of constructs and linkage. International Journal of Operations Production Management, 16, 45-73.
Kim, Y. H., Sting, F. J., & Loch, C. H. (2014). Top-down, bottom-up or both? Toward an integrative perspective on operations strategy formation. Journal of Operations Management, 32, 462-474.
Kubiak , T., & Benbow, D. (2005). The certified Six Sigma black belt handbook. Milwaukee: ASQ Quality Press.
Kumar, M., Antony, J., Singh, R., Tiwari, M., & Perry, D. (2006). Implementing the Lean Sigma framework in an Indian SME: a case study. Production Planning & Control - The Management of Operations, 17(4), 407-423.
Kwak, Y., & Anbari, F. T. (2006). Benefits, obstacles, and future of six sigma approach Author links open overlay panel. Technovation, 26(6), 708-715.
Laitinen, E. (1996). Framework for small business performance measurement: towards integrated PMS. Conference Proceedings of the University of Vasaa. Vasaa.
Laitinen, E. (2002). A Dynamic Performance Measurement System: Evidence from Small Finnish Technology Companies. Scandinavian Journal of Management, 1(18), 65-99.
Larson, D., & Chang, V. (2016). A review and future direction of agile, business intelligence, analytics and data science. International Journal of Information Management, 36(5), 700710.
LaValle, S., Lesser, E., Shockley, R., Hopkins, M., & Kruschwitz, N. (2011). Big Data, Analytics and the Path from Insights to value. MIT Sloan Management Review 52 (2), 21-31.
Light, D., Wexler, D., & Henize, J. (2004). How practitioners interpret and link data to instruction: Research findings on New York City Schools' implementation of the Grow Network. American Educational Research Association. San Diego, CA.
Lima, B., & Cruz, C. O. (2019). The challenge of monitoring PPP projects: Proposal of a conceptual 5-dimension KPI’s model. The Journal of Modern Project Management, 7(2).
Limburg, D. (2010). The Impact of Enterprise Performance Management on Management Control.
UK Academy for Information Systems Conference Proceedings. http://aisel.aisnet.org/ukais2010/32.
Lloyd, C. J. (2011). Data-Driven Business Decision. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Locke, E. A., & Latham, G. (2017). New Development in Goal Setting and Task Performance. Routledge.
Locke, E. A., Latham, G., Smith, K., & Wood, R. (1990). A Theory of Goal Setting & Task Performance. Pearson College Div.
Locke, E., Saari, L., Shaw, K., & Latham, G. (1981). Goal Setting and Task Performance.
Psychological Bulletin, 90(1), 125-152.
Lohman, C., Fortuin, L., & Wouters, M. (2004). Designing a performance measurement system:
A case study. European Journal of Operational Research, 156(2), 267-286.
Lynch, R., & Cross, K. (1991). Measure Up! Yardsticks for Continuous Improvement. Oxford: Basilblackwell.
Mabey, C., Salaman, G., & Storey, J. (1999). Human Resource Management: A Strategic Introduction (2 ed.). Oxford: Blackwell Publishers Ltd.
Mandinach, E., Honey, M., & Light, D. (2006). A Theoretical Framework for Data-Driven Decision Making. AERA - EDC Center for Children and Technology, April, 1-18.
Marzagão, D., & Carvalho, M. (2016). Critical success factors for Six Sigma. International Journal of Project Management, 34(8), 1505-1518.
Matthew, S. (2011). Putting DMAIC of Six Sigma in Practice. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 2(5), 115-117.
Matthias, O., Fouweather, I., Gregory, I., & Vernon, A. (2017). Making Sense of Big Data – Can It Transform Operations Management? International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 37(1), 37-55.
McAdam, R., Hazlett, S.-A., & Henderson, J. (2005). A Critical Review of Six Sigma: Exploring the Dichotomies. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 13(2), 151-174.
McAfee, A., & Brynjolfsson, E. (2012). Big data: The management revolution: Exploiting vast new flows of information can radically improve your company's performance. But first you will have to change your decision-making culture. Harvard Business Review, 90(10), 61-
67.
McGregor, D. (1957). An Uneasy Look at Performance Appraisal. Harvard Business Review, 35, 89-94.
Mohapatra, S., Satpathy, A., & Agrawal, A. (2016). Designing Knowledge Management-Enabled Business Strategies: A Top Down Approach (1 ed.). Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
Monteiro, A., Santos, V., & Varajao, J. (2016). Project Management Office Models - A Review. Procedia Computer Science, 100, 1085-1094.
Neely, A., Adams, C., & Crowe, P. (2001). The Performance Prism in Practice. Measuring Business Excellence, 5(2), 6-12.
Neely, A., Mills, J., Platts, K., & Bourne, M. (2000). Performance Measurement System Design: Developing and Testing a Process-Based Approach. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 20(10), 1119-1145.
Nixon, P., Harrington, M., & Parker, D. (2012). Leadership performance is significant to project success or failure: a critical analysis. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 61(2), 204-216.
Noto, L., & Noto, G. (2018). Local Strategic Planning and Stakeholder Analysis: Suggesting a Dynamic Performance Management Approach. Public Organizational Review, 19(3), 293310.
Ntanos, A., & Boulouta, K. (2012). The management by objectives in modern organisations and enterprises. International Journal of Strategic Change Management, 4(1), 68-79.
Olsen, E., Zhou, H., Lee, D., Ng, Y., Chewn Chong, C., & Padunchwit, P. (2007). Performance measurement system and relationships with performance results: A case analysis of a continuous improvement approach to PMS design. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 56(7), 559-582.
Pace, M. (2019). A Correlational Study on Project Management Methodolog and Project Success. Journal of Engineering, Project and Production Management, 9(2), 56-65.
Pamfilie, R., Petcu, A. J., & Draghici, M. (2012). The importance of leadership in driving a strategic Lean Six Sigma Management. 8th International Strategic Management Conference (pp. 187-196). Bucharest, Romania: Procedia Social and Behavioral Science.
Pande, P., Neuman, R., & Cavanagh, R. (2000). The Six Sigma Way: How Ge, Motorola, and Other Top Companies Are Honing Their Performance. New York: McGraw-Hill, .
Parida, A., Kumar, U., Galar, D., & Stenstrom, C. (2015). Performance measurement and management for maintenance: a literature review. Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering, 21(1), 2-33.
Phelps, B. (2004). Smart Business Metrics - Measure What Really Counts and Manage What Makes the Difference. Great Britain: Pearson Education Limited.
Plenert, G. (2012). Driving Strategy to Execution Using Lean Six Sigma - A Framework for Creating High Performance Organizations. In G. Plenert, & T. Cluley. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group.
Plenert, G., & Cluley, T. (2012). Driving Strategy to Execution Using Lean Six Sigma - A Framework for Creating High Performance Organizations. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group.
Porter, M., & Heppelmann, J. (2014). How Smart, Connected Products are Transforming Competition. Harvard Business Review 92 (11), 64-88.
Priyono, A., Lim, S., & Mohammad, S. (2019). Introducing a Six Sigma Process Control Technique in a Food Production Line: Step-by-step Guideline and Critical Elements of the Implementation. IEEE 6th International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Applications (ICIEA), (pp. 338-342). Tokyo, Japan.
Pyzdek, T. (2000). Six Sigma and Lean Production. Quality Digest, July 01.
Pyzdek, T., & Keller, P. (2014). The Six Sigma Handbook (Vol. Fourth Edition). New York, USA:
McGraw Hill Education.
Radas, S., & Bozic, L. (2012). Overcoming failure: Abandonments and delays of innovation projects in SME's. Industry and Innovation, 19(8), 649-669.
Ratner, B. (2011). Statistical and Machine-Learning Data Mining: Techniques for Better Predictive Modeling and Analysis of Big Data (2 ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group.
Riggins, F., & Wamba, S. (2015). Research directions on the adoption, usage, and impact of the internet of things through the use of big data analytics. 48th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS) (pp. 1531-1540). Kauai, HI, USA: IEEE.
Russom, P. (2011). Big Data Analytics. TDWI Research.
Salah, S., Rahim, A., & Carratero, J. (2010). The Integration of Six Sigma and Lean Management. International Journal of Lean Six Sigma, 1(3), 249-274.
Salaman, G., & Mabey, C. (1999). Human Resource Management: A Strategic Introduction (2 ed.). Blackwell Publishers Ltd.
Samset, K., & Volden, G. (2016). Front-end definition of projects: ten paradoxes and some reflections regarding project management and project governance. International Journal of Project Management, 34(2), 297-313.
Schroeder, R., Linderman, K., Liedtke, C., & Choo, A. (2008). Six Sigma: definition and underlying theory. Journal of Operations Management, 26(4), 536-554.
Serban, R.-A., & Herciu, M. (2019). Performance Management Systems - Proposing and Testing a Conceptual Model. Studies in Business and Economics, 14(1), 231-244.
Shankar, R., Kant, R., & Raval, S. (2019). Benchmarking the Lean Six Sigma Performance Measures: Balanced Scorecard Approach. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 26(6), 1921-1947.
Smith, B. (2013). KPI Checklists: Practical How to Guide Templates Included 50 Checklists. Sheffield, England: Metric Press.
Snee, R. (2010). Lean Six Sigma - getting better all the time. Internation Journal of Lean Six Sigma, 1(1), 9-29.
Snee, R., & Hoerl, R. (2003). Leading Six Sigma: A Step-by-Step Guide Based on Experience with GE and Other Six Sigma Companies. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Financial Times Prentice Hall.
Stamatis, D. (2012). Essential Statistical Concepts for the Quality Professional. FL: CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group. doi:10.1201/b11909
Starbird, D. (2002). Business Excellence: Six Sigma as a Management System: A DMAIC
Approach to Improving Six Sigma Management Processes.” I. ASQ World Conference on Quality and Improvement Proceedings (pp. 47–55). American Society for Quality.
Suarez-Barraza, M., & Rodriguez-Gonzalez, F. (2019). Cornerstone root causes through the analysis of the Ishikawa diagram, is it possible to find them? International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences, 11(2), 302-316.
Sun, S., Cegielski, C., Jia, L., & Hall, D. (2016). Understanding the Factors Affecting the Organizational Adoption of Big Data. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 58(3), 193-203.
Susilawati, A., Tan, J., Bell, D., & Sarwar, M. (2013, June). Develop a Framework of Performance Measurement and Improvement System for Lean Manufacturing Activity. International Journal of Lean Thinking, 4(1), 51-64.
Taghizadeh, S. (2006). Essentials of Lean Six Sigma. Oxford, UK: Elsevier Inc.
Tetteh, E., & Chapman, H. (2018). Chapter 1 - Lean Process Improvement for Rework Performance in Manufacturing. In Lean Six Sigma for Optimal System Performance in Manufacturing and Service Organizations: Emerging Research and Opportunities (p. 4). Hershey PA, USA: IGI Global Business Science Reference.
Thekdi, S., & Aven, T. (2016). An enhanced data-analytic framework for integrating risk management and performance management. Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 277287.
Timans, W., Ahaus, K., van Solingen, R., Kumar, M., & Antony, J. (2014). Implementation of Continuous Improvement based on Lean Six Sigma in Small-and-Medium-sized Enterprises. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 27(3), 1-16.
Tiwari, A., Singh, A., & Swarnakar, V. (2019). Evaluating importance of critical success factors in successful implementation of Lean Six Sigma framework. 1st International Conference on Advances in Mechanical Engineering and Nanotechnology, ICAMEN 2019. Raipur, Chhattisgarh.
Tomic, I., Tesic, Z., Kuzmanovic, B., & Tomic, M. (2018). An empirical study of employee loyalty, service quality, cost reduction and company performance. Economic Research, 31(1), 827-846.
Treichler, D., Carmichael, R., Kusmanoff, A., Lewis, J., & Berthiez, G. (2002). Design for Six Sigma: 15 Lessons Learned. Quality Progress, 35(1), 33-42.
Tuerdi, M., Ertürk, M., & Aihemaituoheti, W. (2016). The Effects of Six Sigma Approach on
Business Performance: A Study of White Goods (home appliances) Sector in Turkey. 5th
International Conference on Leadership, Technology, Innovation and Business Management (pp. 444-452). Istanbul, Turkey: Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences. van Rijmenam, M., Erekhinskaya, T., Schweitzer, J., & Williams, M.-A. (2018). Avoid being the Turkey: How big data analytics changes the game of strategy in times of ambiguity and uncertainty. Long Range Planning, 52(5).
Wang, J. X. (2011a). Lean Production: Business Bottom-Line Based. In J. X. Wang, Lean Manufacturing Business Bottom-Line Based (p. 145). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group.
Wang, J. X. (2011b). Pull System, One-Piece Flow, and Single Minute Exchange of Die (SMED). In J. X. Wang, Lean Manufacturing Business Bottom-Line Based (p. 233). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group.
Wang, L., Zhao, Y., Li, S., Zhou, F., Lin, X., Lu, Q., & Ren, L. (2019). A Visual Analysis Approach for Understanding Durability Test Data of Automotive Products. ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology, 10(6), 70-93.
Wexler, S., Shaffer, J., & Cotgreave, A. (2017). The Big Book of Dashboards - Visualizing your data using real-world business scenarios. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Repository Staff Only: item control page