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Investigating Visual Function and Cortical Structure in Groups with (or at Risk for) Alzheimer’s Dementia

Title:

Investigating Visual Function and Cortical Structure in Groups with (or at Risk for) Alzheimer’s Dementia

Rehan, Sana (2020) Investigating Visual Function and Cortical Structure in Groups with (or at Risk for) Alzheimer’s Dementia. Masters thesis, Concordia University.

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Abstract

Poor sensory performance is cross-sectionally associated with poorer cognition and increases risk for cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s dementia (AD). The purpose of this study was to characterize the degree of visual impairment in individuals with (or at risk for) dementia and explore the effects of this sensory-cognitive relationship on brain structure.

Using the Comprehensive Assessment of Neurodegeneration and Dementia (COMPASS-ND) dataset, we analyzed vision and imaging data from three diagnostic groups: individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD; N = 53), mild cognitive impairment (MCI; N = 102), and mild AD (N = 45). We characterized used ANCOVAs to determine whether visual performance on reading acuity and contrast sensitivity differed as a function of clinical diagnosis. Cortical thickness and volume were extracted using FreeSurfer, and hierarchical regression analyses were done to determine whether visual performance predicted brain structure (i.e., cortical thickness and volume) beyond diagnostic group membership.

We found that the AD group performed significantly worse on reading acuity and contrast sensitivity compared to the SCD and MCI groups, which did not differ from each other. Despite our independent findings that visual performance differs across diagnostic groups and that group membership predicted cortical structure, our results demonstrate that visual performance does not predict cortical structure above and beyond clinical diagnosis. Our findings support the hypothesis that atrophy in underlying visual areas and pathways is responsible for the functional vision deficits observed in AD.

Divisions:Concordia University > Faculty of Arts and Science > Psychology
Item Type:Thesis (Masters)
Authors:Rehan, Sana
Institution:Concordia University
Degree Name:M.A.
Program:Psychology
Date:30 July 2020
Thesis Supervisor(s):Phillips, Natalie
Keywords:visual impairment, sensory loss, cognitive decline, cortical atrophy, cortical structure, dementia
ID Code:987284
Deposited By: Sana Rehan
Deposited On:25 Nov 2020 15:47
Last Modified:25 Nov 2020 15:47

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