Richard, Victoria (2021) Coordinating signaling pathways between cell types to control anterior morphogenesis in C. elegans. Masters thesis, Concordia University.
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Abstract
Morphogenesis is crucial for the development of tissues which must be coordinated to give rise to complex structures in the context of an organism. Mechanisms at the single cell, tissue and multi-tissue levels contribute to the complexities in studying morphogenesis. In C. elegans, prior studies uncovered mechanisms regulating epidermal and pharyngeal morphogenesis, but how these and other tissues are coordinated to give rise to the anterior lumen remained a black box. We characterized anterior morphogenesis to determine how the epidermal, pharyngeal and neuroblast (neuronal precursor) cells move and are positioned relative to one another, and to identify signaling events that regulate their coordination. We found that the first visible marker of the future anterior lumen are projections from the anterior-most pharyngeal cells (arcade cells) which form a stable rosette and express the polarity protein PAR-6. These projections are surrounded by subsets of polarized neuroblasts with PAR-6-enriched projections that organize into patterns forming two pentagons and a semi-circle. The anterior epidermal cells migrate toward the projections and ultimately join with the pharyngeal cells for their successful epithelialization. We found that the ventral epidermal cells migrate using F-actin-rich projections which come close to, but do not cross the semi-circle of foci suggesting that the cells corresponding to these foci provide guidance cues. Blocking neuroblast cell division and disrupting the patterns of polarized neuroblasts caused a decrease in the number of epidermal F-actin projections and delayed their migration. We propose that signals associated with the neuronal and/or glial cells control anterior epidermal cell migration. To identify these signals, we performed RNAi to several guidance cues and their receptors, and found that slit (slt-1) and sax/robo (sax-3) are required for neuroblast positioning and epidermal cell migration. This work provides new insights on the mechanisms underlying the multi-tissue cooperation required for successful anterior morphogenesis of C. elegans embryos.
| Divisions: | Concordia University > Faculty of Arts and Science > Biology |
|---|---|
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
| Authors: | Richard, Victoria |
| Institution: | Concordia University |
| Degree Name: | M. Sc. |
| Program: | Biology |
| Date: | 9 August 2021 |
| Thesis Supervisor(s): | Piekny, Alisa |
| Keywords: | C. elegans; Morphogenesis; Rosettes; Polarity; Cell migration; Contractility; Adhesion |
| ID Code: | 988908 |
| Deposited By: | VICTORIA RICHARD |
| Deposited On: | 29 Nov 2021 16:58 |
| Last Modified: | 29 Nov 2021 16:58 |
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