Gamarooni Pour, Seyed Ali (2021) Requirements analysis of aviation standards Applicable to Production Organizations. Masters thesis, Concordia University.
Preview |
Text (application/pdf)
3MBGamarooni_MSc_F2021.pdf - Accepted Version Available under License Spectrum Terms of Access. |
Abstract
Standards are the bottleneck of any aviation industrial action. Thus, meeting standards is not an option but an obligation throughout a given product life cycle. This thesis contributed to producing a SIPOC diagram of aviation standards and collecting pertaining information, beginning with international standards, and ending in national codes. Particularly, the requirements which are applicable to a production organization in the aviation industry. A detailed view of the rulemaking process in the aviation industry is provided. The implementation of the standards and the evaluation process are complicated and need considerable resources. Simultaneously, Extra costs and concerns may be imposed on the aviation industry due to improper requirements. Thus, the quality of standards should be comprehensively assessed to obtain a satisfactory final result. System engineering introduces requirement analysis to solve this problem. As a significant contribution, this thesis provides a model of requirement analysis based on the structured strategy. The criteria were defined practically. Diagram, process, sub-process, and techniques including RTM and WBS were either developed or deployed to investigate the conformance of requirements with the criteria. Applying this model, any sort of requirement is evaluated accurately. Plus, it shows a specific and root cause of the problems if the requirement is unacceptable. Furthermore, a novel way to measure system affordability is proposed through the application of DFMEA. Lastly, the model is applied on CFR-14 Part-21 Subpart-G (FAA production organization requirements) to show the need for systematic improvement of aviation standards’ requirements of production organization.
| Divisions: | Concordia University > Gina Cody School of Engineering and Computer Science > Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering |
|---|---|
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
| Authors: | Gamarooni Pour, Seyed Ali |
| Institution: | Concordia University |
| Degree Name: | M. Sc. |
| Program: | Quality Systems Engineering |
| Date: | 24 November 2021 |
| Thesis Supervisor(s): | Awasthi, Anjali |
| Keywords: | Requirements analysis, Aviation requirements, Aviation standards, Systems engineering, POA requirements |
| ID Code: | 990010 |
| Deposited By: | Seyed ali Gamarooni pour |
| Deposited On: | 16 Jun 2022 14:38 |
| Last Modified: | 16 Jun 2022 14:38 |
References:
[1] “European Union Aviation Safety Agency.” Wikipedia, 28 May 2021. Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=European_Union_Aviation_Safety_Agency&oldid=1025551355[2] “Federal Aviation Administration.” Wikipedia, 22 May 2021. Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Federal_Aviation_Administration&oldid=1024575569.
[3] About ICAO. https://www.icao.int/about-icao/pages/default.aspx. Accessed 18 June 2021.
[4] Seyed Ali Gamarooni Pour, Airworthiness Certification Road map with an example of Light Sport Aircraft, Master thesis, Sattari University of aeronautical engineering, 2018
[5] “Acceptable Means of Compliance (AMC) and Alternative Means of Compliance (AltMoC).” EASA, https://www.easa.europa.eu/document-library/acceptable-means-compliance-amcs-and-alternative-means-compliance-altmocs. Accessed 18 June 2021.
[6] “What Is the Definition of an IR, AMC and CS and GM and What Differences Can Be Proposed?” EASA, https://www.easa.europa.eu/faq/19026. Accessed 18 June 2021.
[7] Frequently Asked Questions about USOAP. https://www.icao.int/safety/CMAForum/Pages/FAQ.aspx. Accessed 18 June 2021.
[8] “Cooperation with the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO).” EASA, https://www.easa.europa.eu/domains/international-cooperation/cooperation-with-ICAO. Accessed 18 June 2021.
[9] “Bilateral Agreements.” EASA, https://www.easa.europa.eu/document-library/bilateral-agreements. Accessed 18 June 2021.
[10] Kun, Yang, and Liu Cunxi. “Comparison on the Ways of Airworthiness Management of Civil Aircraft Design Organization.” Procedia Engineering, vol. 17, 2011, pp. 388–95. DOI.org (Crossref), doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2011.10.045..
[11] Bhopatkar, N. S. (2014). Development of Production Organization Exposition (POE) to Include Requirements of AS/EN9100, EASA, FAA AND DGCA India. Procedia Engineering, 80, 216-223.
[12] De Florio, Filippo. Airworthiness: An Introduction to Aircraft Certification. 2. ed, Butterworth-Heinemann, 2011.
[13] System engineering fundamentals, Supplementary text prepared by the defense acquisition university press fort Belvoir, Virginia 22060-5565, January 2001.
[14] An Introduction to Six Sigma and Process Improvement, Second Edition by James R Evans, William M Lindsay, South Western Cengage Learning, 2015.
[15] Odomirok Sr, P. W. (2016). Affordability: Integrating Value, Customer, and Cost for Continuous Improvement. CRC Press.
[16] Making an ICAO Standard. https://www.icao.int/safety/airnavigation/pages/standard.aspx. Accessed 28 June 2021.
[17] MIL-STD- 499A, Engineering Management, 1 May 1974. Now cancelled.
[18] (EIA Standard IS-632, Systems Engineering, December 1994.)
[19] IEEE P1220, Standard for Application and Management of the Systems Engineering Process, [Final Draft], 26 September 1994.
[20] admin. “Methods of Sampling from a Population.” Health Knowledge, 20 June 2010, https://www.healthknowledge.org.uk/public-health-textbook/research-methods/1a-epidemiology/methods-of-sampling-population.
[21] Project Management Institute, Inc.. (2017). Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK® Guide) (6th Edition).
[22] Code of federal regulations title 14 Aeronautics and Space Parts 1 to 59 Revised as of January 1, 2019.
[23] The office of rulemaking committee manual, ARM-001-015, Federal Aviation Administration, February 2, 2015.
[24] Grady, J. O. (2014). System requirements analysis (Second, Ser. Elsevier insights). Elsevier. INSERT-MISSING-URL.
[25] Reliability, Maintainability, and Availability (RMA) Handbook, FAA RMA-HDBK-006B, May 30, 2014
[26] Li, Sheng, and Yao Lu. “Study on Civil Aviation Airworthiness Management Requirements for Standard Parts.” Procedia Engineering, vol. 80, 2014, pp. 119–26. DOI.org (Crossref), doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2014.09.068.
[27] Jilian, Guo, et al. “Research on Airworthiness Management System about Military Aircraft Development.” Procedia Engineering, vol. 17, 2011, pp. 375–81. DOI.org (Crossref), doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2011.10.043.
[28] De Florio, Filippo. Airworthiness: An Introduction to Aircraft Certification and Operations. Third edition, Butterworth-Heinemann, 2016.
[29] Raheja, Dev, and Louis J. Gullo, editors. Design for Reliability. Wiley : IEEE Press, 2012.
[30] Potential Failure Modes and Effects Analysis in Design (Design FMEA) and Potential Failure Modes and Effects Analysis in Manufacturing and Assembly Processes (Process FMEA) Reference Manual, SAE J1739, Society of Automotive Engineers International, Warrendale, PA, July 1994.
[31] Mannan, Sam, editor. Lee’s Loss Prevention in the Process Industries: Hazard Identification, Assessment, and Control. Fourth edition, Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann, 2012.
[32] International Civil Aviation Organization and Council. Annex 19 - Safety Management: International Standards and Recommended Practices. International Civil Aviation Organization, 2013
[33] International Civil Aviation Organization and Council. Airworthiness of Aircraft. International Civil Aviation Organization, 2010.
[34] AMC and GM to Part 21, European Aviation Safety Agency, Issue 2 30 October 2012.
[35] Management Board Decision DECISION N° 18-2015 replacing Decision 01/2012 concerning the procedure to be applied by the Agency for the issuing of opinions, certification specifications, acceptable means of compliance and guidance material (‘Rulemaking Procedure’), European Aviation Safety Agency, 15 December 2015.
[36] Dick, Jeremy, et al. Requirements Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2017. DOI.org (Crossref), https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61073-3.
[37] Bhukya, S. N., & Pabboju, S. (2019). Software engineering: risk features in requirement engineering. Cluster Computing : The Journal of Networks, Software Tools and Applications, 22(6), 14789–14801. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10586-018-2417-3
[38] Kuklev, E. A., Shapkin, V. S., Filippov, V. L., & Shatrakov, Y. G. (2019). Aviation system risks and safety (Ser. Springer aerospace technology series). Springer. Retrieved September 22, 2021.
[39] arrillo, D. G. J. M., Nicols, J., Alemn, J. L. F., Toval, A., Vizcano, A., & Ebert, C. (2011). Requirements engineering tools. Ieee Software, 28(4), 86–91. https://doi.org/10.1109/MS.2011.81
[40] Beasley, R., Cardow, I., Hartley, M., & Pickard, A. (2014). Structuring requirements in standard templates. Incose International Symposium, 24(S1), 334–345. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2334-5837.2014.00025.x
[41] Taylor, Z., & Ranganathan, S. (2014). Designing high availability systems : design for six sigma and classical reliability techniques with practical real-life examples. Wiley. Retrieved September 22, 2021.
[42] Müller Roland, Wittmer, A., & Drax, C. (Eds.). (2014). Aviation risk and safety management : methods and applications in aviation organizations (Ser. Management for professionals). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02780-7
[43] Patel, S. (2016). The tactical guide to six sigma implementation. CRC Press. Retrieved September 23, 2021, from INSERT-MISSING-URL.
[44] Iqbal, S., Qureshi, S. A., Rizvi, T. H., Abbas, G., & Gulzar, M. M. (2010). Concept building through block diagram using matlab/simulink. IEEEP Journal, 66(67), 30-34.
[45] Mark, D. B., & Schulman, K. A. (2017). Pcsk9 inhibitors and the choice between innovation, efficiency, and affordability. Jama, 318(8), 711–711.
[46] P. Prabaharan Graceraj and BEML Ltd. “A Novel DFMEA Model for High Power Diesel Engine Design.” International Journal of Engineering Research And, vol. V4, no. 05, May 2015, p. IJERTV4IS050726. DOI.org (Crossref), https://doi.org/10.17577/IJERTV4IS050726.
[47] Laleau, Régine, et al. “Adopting a Situational Requirements Engineering Approach for the Analysis of Civil Aviation Security Standards.” Software Process: Improvement and Practice, vol. 11, no. 5, Sept. 2006, pp. 487–503. DOI.org (Crossref), https://doi.org/10.1002/spip.291.
[48] Spence, T. B., Fanjoy, R. O., Lu, C.-tsung, & Schreckengast, S. W. (2015). International standardization compliance in aviation. Journal of Air Transport Management, 49, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2015.06.015
[49] Dmitriev, A., and T. Mitroshkina. “Improving the Efficiency of Aviation Products Design Based on International Standards and Robust Approaches.” IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 476, Feb. 2019, p. 012009. DOI.org (Crossref), https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/476/1/012009.
[50] Sokovic, M., Pavletic, D., & Pipan, K. K. (2010). Quality improvement methodologies–PDCA cycle, RADAR matrix, DMAIC and DFSS. Journal of achievements in materials and manufacturing engineering, 43(1), 476-483.
[51] Srinivasan, K., Muthu, S., Devadasan, S. R., & Sugumaran, C. (2016). Six Sigma through DMAIC phases: a literature review. International Journal of Productivity and Quality Management, 17(2), 236-257.
[52] Annex 1 Practices, see Foreword. For information regarding the applicability of the Standards and Recommended This edition supersedes, on 8 November 2018, all previous editions of Annex 1. Twelfth Edition, July 2018 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation Personnel Licensing
[53] Filz Marc-André, Langner, J. E. B., Herrmann, C., & Thiede, S. (2021). Data-driven failure mode and effect analysis (fmea) to enhance maintenance planning. Computers in Industry, 129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2021.103451
[54] Li, Z., Mobin, M., & 2018 Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium, RAMS 2018 2018 01 22 - 2018 01 25. (2018). A dfmea-based reliability prediction approach in early product design. Proceedings - Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium, 2018-january. https://doi.org/10.1109/RAM.2018.8463126
[55] Piľa, J., Adamčik, F., Korba, P., & Antoško, M. (2014). Safety Hazard and Risk in Slovak Aviation Regulations. NAŠE MORE: znanstveni časopis za more i pomorstvo, 61(1-2), S27-30.
[56] Abeyratne, R. I. R. (2015). Aviation and international cooperation: human and public policy issues. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17022-0
[57] Aust, A. (2005). Handbook of international law (1st ed.). Cambridge University Press. Retrieved October 25, 2021, from INSERT-MISSING-URL.
[58] Pepin, E. (1957). Development of the national legislation on aviation since the Chicago Convention. J. Air L. & Com., 24, 1.
[59] Karout, R., & Awasthi, A. (2017). Improving software quality using Six Sigma DMAIC-based approach: a case study. Business Process Management Journal.
[60] Kozuba, J., & Krakowiak, E. (2017). The role of the aviation organizations in the creation of Aviation safety. Acta Avionica, 19(1).
[61] Fortońska, A. (2021). Measures taken by the European Union Agency for Aviation Safety to ensure aviation safety. Journal of KONBiN, 51(2), 117-125.
[62] Pearson, M. W., & Riley, D. S. (2016). Foundations of aviation law. Routledge. Retrieved October 25, 2021.
[63] Harris, J. D. (1969). Airworthiness Regulations–National and International. The Aeronautical Journal, 73(701), 453-459.
[64] Icao. (1990). Annex 2: Rules of the Air. International Civil Aviation Organ.
[65] Novotny, J., Dejmal, K., Repal, V., Gera, M., & Sladek, D. (2021). Assessment of TAF, METAR, and SPECI Reports Based on ICAO ANNEX 3 Regulation. Atmosphere, 12(2), 138.
[66] Weber, L. (2021). International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). Kluwer Law International BV.
[67] Annex, I. C. A. O. (2016). 5: Units of Measurement to be Used in Air and Ground Operations: https://www. caa. govt. nz/ICAO. ICAO_Compliance. htm, lipanj.
[68] ICAO. (2010). Annex 6–Operation of Aircraft. In Convention on International Civil Aviation.
[69] Schaaf, R. W. (1991). International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO): Legal Activities and Documentation. International Journal of Legal Information, 19(3), 248-251.
[70] Hinsch, M. (2019). Authorities and Official Organisations. In Industrial Aviation Management (pp. 5-10). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
[71] ICAO, L. A. T. W. (2004). Annexes to the convention on international civil aviation.
[72] Abeyratne, R. (2018). Regulation of Air Cargo. In Law and Regulation of Air Cargo (pp. 129-155). Springer, Cham.
[73] Meric, O. S. (2015). Optimum arrival routes for flight efficiency. Journal of Power and Energy Engineering, 3(4), 449-452.
[74] Kyriakopoulos, G. D. (2013). Search and Rescue in Space Activities: Is There a Specific Legal Regime?. International Lawyer, 20(2), 607.
[75] Sharif, S. (2003). The Failure of Aviation Safety in New Zealand: An Examination of New Zealand's Implementation of Its International Obligations under Annex 13 of the Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation. J. Air L. & Com., 68, 339.
[76] Lien, A. (2012). Problems of Complying with ICAO Annex 14 at Norwegian Aerodromes. Air Transport Provision in Remoter Regions.
[77] Dudek, E., & Kozlowski, M. (2016). The concept of a method ensuring aeronautical data quality. Journal of KONBiN, 37(1), 319.
[78] Markowski, J., Pielecha, J., & Jasiński, R. (2017). Model to assess the exhaust emissions from the engine of a small aircraft during flight. Procedia Engineering, 192, 557-562.
[79] Tamasi, G., & Demichela, M. (2011). Risk assessment techniques for civil aviation security. Reliability Engineering and System Safety, 96(8), 892–899. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2011.03.009
[80] HUANG, J. (2009). Aviation safety, icao and obligations erga omnes. Chinese Journal of International Law, 8(1), 63–79.
[81] Sharypov, A., Brusnikin, V., Koval, S., Glukhov, G., & Gubanov, O. (2018). Aircraft components life cycle monitoring as a tool for identifying inauthentic aviation equipment items. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET), 9(7), 612-620.
[82] Milde, M. (2008). International air law and ICAO (Vol. 4). Eleven International Publishing.
[83] Abeyratne, R. (2014). Convention on International Civil Aviation. A Commentary, Cham.
[84] Annex 8 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation, Airworthiness of Aircraft, This edition incorporates all amendments adopted by the Council prior to 14 December 2004 and supersedes, on 13 December 2007, all previous editions of Annex 8.
[85] Zhao, L., & Freiheit, T. (2017). Estimating good design attributes from generalized drivers to provide early assistance to design requirements analysis. Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology, 15(3), 317–340. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEDT-06-2016-0033
[86] Zhao, L., & Freiheit, T. (2017). Estimating good design attributes from generalized drivers to provide early assistance to design requirements analysis. Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology.
[87] Duraisamy, G., & Atan, R. (2013). Requirement traceability matrix through documentation for scrum methodology. Journal of Theoretical & Applied Information Technology, 52(2), 154-159.
[88] Sarkar, A., Mukhopadhyay, A. R., & Ghosh, S. K. (2013). Issues in Pareto analysis and their resolution. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 24(5-6), 641-651.
[89] Kim, J. B., Lee, J., & Hurr, H. Y. (2017). A Comparative Study Between the Approved Maintenance Organizations for MROs of FAA and EASA. Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics, 25(3), 123-134.
[90] Michaelis, S. (2017). EASA and FAA Research Findings and Actions—Cabin Air Quality. 2017 international aircraft, 69.
All items in Spectrum are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved. The use of items is governed by Spectrum's terms of access.
Repository Staff Only: item control page
Download Statistics
Download Statistics