Millichamp, Derek (2021) Collapse Safety Assessment of Steel Multi-storey Buildings with Friction Sliding Braced Frames and Backup Moment Resisting Frames as a Dual System. Masters thesis, Concordia University.
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Abstract
In the early 1980’s, Concordia University’s library building saw the first application of cross-braced Pall friction dampers (PFD). Although PFDs have evolved and improved, including the friction material used, development of the design procedure has been limited. Using a recently proposed force-based design method and considering detailed computational and modeling techniques, three types of seismic force resisting systems are presented herein: the bare Friction Sliding Braced Frame (FSBF), Friction Sliding Braced Frame with Continuous Columns including gravity columns (FSBF-CC) and Dual FSBF system (D-FSBF). Installing backup MRFs in parallel with a primary FSBF can provide the structure with load path redundancy and elastic-frame action, while taking advantage of the large energy dissipation capacity of PFDs.
The objectives of this research are three-fold: 1) to develop an accurate nonlinear model for PFD that is capable of bearing and failure, 2) to quantify the ductility-related force modification factor, Rd, for the proposed seismic force resisting systems: bare FSBF, FSBF-CC, and D-FSBF and 3) assess fragility and collapse safety of low-rise and middle-rise buildings braced with the proposed seismic force resisting systems subjected to crustal and subduction ground motions.
These objectives are carried out using 2-D numerical models developed in OpenSees for 4- and 8-storey prototype buildings located on Site class C in Vancouver, B.C. A force-based design method was developed in line with NBCC 2015 and CSA/S16-14 standard requirements. Considering the similarity with buckling restrained braced frames (BRBF), design was conducted for RdRo=4 and RdRo=5. All buildings were subjected to short duration crustal and long duration subduction ground motions, and a discussion regarding the slip length demand of PFD was provided.
From nonlinear response history analysis of 4 and 8-storey FSBF buildings (RdR0=4), it was found that the bare FSBF was structurally unstable and reached collapse prior to design level under the ground motion suites. Therefore, using the bare FSBF is not recommended. The 4-storey FSBF-CC building (RdR0=4) prevented collapse at design level, however experienced excessive residual drift, while the 8-storey FSBF-CC building reached collapse at design level under both crustal and subduction ground motions. Thus, the FSBF-CC system can be used only for low-rise buildings, but caution should be taken.
Using the Dual FSBF system composed of FSBF and a backup MRF, designed for an additional 25% base shear and two sets of RdR0 =4 and 5, it resulted that both 4-storey and 8-storey D-FSBF buildings showed sufficient margin of safety under both ground motion suites. Subsequently, when increasing the building height (e.g. the 8-storey building), the ductility-related force modification factor, Rd = 4 is recommended. The Dual FSBF system is recommended to brace low-rise and middle-rise buildings located in subduction zone, as Cascadia subduction zone, where megathrust earthquakes could occur.
| Divisions: | Concordia University > Gina Cody School of Engineering and Computer Science > Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering |
|---|---|
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
| Authors: | Millichamp, Derek |
| Institution: | Concordia University |
| Degree Name: | M.A. Sc. |
| Program: | Civil Engineering |
| Date: | 17 December 2021 |
| Thesis Supervisor(s): | Tirca, Lucia |
| Keywords: | Friction Damper, Dual System, Steel Braced Frame, Incremental Dynamic Analysis, Collapse Safety, Fragility Analysis, Friction Sliding Braced Frame, Residual Drift |
| ID Code: | 990157 |
| Deposited By: | DEREK MILLICHAMP |
| Deposited On: | 16 Jun 2022 14:52 |
| Last Modified: | 16 Jun 2022 14:52 |
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