Abstract

The global population of older adults is rising, projected to reach 1.4 billion by 2030, surpassing the number of children by 0.1 billion and making up around 25% of the total population. Older adults are more susceptible to anxiety due to factors such as diminished self-esteem, reduced independence (both physical and financial), limited activity and mobility, loss of social connections, and chronic illnesses. Additionally, depression and loneliness are common among older adults and often go untreated. Research shows that intergenerational activities in interactive environments can enhance self-confidence, social interaction, recognition, and intellectual development for both older adults and children.
This study aims to create an intergenerational semi-open space within the courtyards of elderly care homes, tailored to the environmental needs and preferences of older adults and children. By integrating desirable features and elements, this space promotes mental well-being for both age groups, facilitating quality time together. To understand their environmental preferences, two theoretical frameworks were applied: Ulrich’s Supportive Design Theory (1991) and the Six Design Attributes by Windley and Scheidt (1980).
In the methodology, a qualitative approach using painting and writing techniques involved 25 participants, comprising 14 older adults (aged 60-95) and 9 children (aged 8-14) in Montreal. Five themes were derived from the collected data: 1. Nature, 2. Homelike, 3. Socializing, 4. Activity, and 5. Attributes of Space. The study highlighted that participants highly valued "Positive Distraction" and "Sensory Perception" as key elements in designing intergenerational spaces. "Perception of Control" was also of interest, particularly in connection with "Positive Distraction," and shared content similarities with other elements. In contrast, "Social Support" and "Sociality" were rated lower. Interestingly, all elements were mentioned by participants except for 'Legibility,' a crucial aspect of well-designed intergenerational spaces according to the 'Six Design Attributes' concept by Windley and Scheidt (1980). The study recommends that designers should still incorporate 'Legibility' into their designs, even if the participants don't mention it. Additionally, the study identified design considerations, offered recommendations, and created architectural diagrams based on the extracted themes.