References:

Achenbach, T. M., Ivanova, M. Y., Rescorla, L. A., Turner, L. V., & Althoff, R. R. (2016).
Internalizing/externalizing problems: Review and recommendations for clinical and research applications. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 55(8), 647-656.
Aldao, A., Nolen-Hoeksema, S., & Schweizer, S. (2010). Emotion-regulation strategies across
psychopathology: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 30(2), 217-237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2009.11.004
Aldao, A., Sheppes, G., & Gross, J. J. (2015). Emotion regulation flexibility. Cognitive Therapy
and Research, 39(3), 263-278. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-014-9662-4
Achou, B., Boisclair, D., d’Astous, P., Fonseca, R., Glenzer, F., & Michaud, P. C. (2020). Early
impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on household finances in Quebec. Canadian Public Policy, 46(S3), S217-S235.
Baik, S. H., Fox, R. S., Mills, S. D., Roesch, S. C., Sadler, G. R., Klonoff, E. A., & Malcarne, V.
L. (2019). Reliability and validity of the Perceived Stress Scale-10 in Hispanic Americans with English or Spanish language preference. Journal of health psychology, 24(5), 628-639.
Berkout, O. V., Tinsley, D., & Flynn, M. K. (2019). A review of anger, hostility, and aggression
from an ACT perspective. Journal of contextual behavioral science, 11, 34-43.
Biggs, A., Brough, P., & Drummond, S. (2017). Lazarus and Folkman’s psychological stress and
coping theory. In C. L. Cooper & J. C. Quick (Eds.), The Handbook of Stress and Health: A Guide to Research and Practice (pp. 351-364). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118993811.ch21
Bonanno, G. A., & Burton, C. L. (2013). Regulatory flexibility: An individual differences
perspective on coping and emotion regulation. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 8(6), 591-612. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691613504116
Brenning, K., Waterschoot, J., Dieleman, L., Morbée, S., Vermote, B., Soenens, B., Van der Kaap-
Deeder, J., van den Bogaard, D., & Vansteenkiste, M. (2023). The role of emotion regulation in mental health during the COVID-19 outbreak: A 10-wave longitudinal study. Stress and Health : Journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress, 39(3), 562–575. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.3204
Brooks, S. K., Webster, R. K., Smith, L. E., Woodland, L., Wessely, S., Greenberg, N., & Rubin,
G. J. (2020). The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: Rapid review of the evidence. The Lancet, 395(10227), 912-920. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30460-8
Carrozzino, D., Patierno, C., Pignolo, C., & Christensen, K. S. (2023). The concept of
psychological distress and its assessment: A clinimetric analysis of the SCL-90-R. International Journal of Stress Management, 30(3), 235.
Carver, C. S. (1997). You want to measure coping but your protocol’s too long: Consider the Brief
COPE. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 4(1), 92-100. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327558ijbm0401_6
Carver, C. S., Scheier, M. F., & Weintraub, J. K. (1989). Assessing coping strategies: A
theoretically based approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56(2), 267-283. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.56.2.267
Cheng, C., Lau, H. P. B., & Chan, M. S. (2014). Coping flexibility and psychological adjustment
to stressful life changes: A meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 140(6), 1582-1607. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0037913
Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., & Mermelstein, R. (1983). A global measure of perceived stress. Journal
of Health and Social Behavior, 24(4), 385-396. https://doi.org/10.2307/2136404
Compas, B. E., Jaser, S. S., Bettis, A. H., Watson, K. H., Gruhn, M. A., Dunbar, J. P., Williams,
E. K., & Thigpen, J. C. (2017). Coping, emotion regulation, and psychopathology in childhood and adolescence: A meta-analysis and narrative review. Psychological Bulletin, 143(9), 939-991. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000110
Daly, M., Sutin, A. R., & Robinson, E. (2022). Longitudinal changes in mental health and the
COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from the UK Household Longitudinal Study. Psychological medicine, 52(13), 2549-2558.
Derogatis, L. R. (1994). SCL-90-R: Administration, scoring, and procedures manual (3rd ed.).
National Computer Systems.
Enders, C. K. (2010). Applied missing data analysis. Guilford Press.
English, T., & John, O. P. (2013). Understanding the social effects of emotion regulation: The
mediating role of authenticity for individual differences in suppression. Emotion, 13(2), 314-329. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029847
English, T., Lee, I. A., John, O. P., & Gross, J. J. (2017). Emotion regulation strategy selection in
daily life: The role of social context and goals. Motivation and Emotion, 41(2), 230-242. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-016-9597-z
Ellberger, M. (2021). Dialectical Behavior Therapy and the COVID-19 Pandemic: Building a Life
Worth Living in the Face of an Unrelenting Crisis. Shared Trauma, Shared Resilience During a Pandemic: Social Work in the Time of COVID-19, 219-233.
Finkelstein-Fox, L., & Park, C. L. (2019). Control-coping goodness-of-fit and chronic illness: a
systematic review of the literature. Health psychology review, 13(2), 137-162.
Fiorillo, A., & Gorwood, P. (2020). The consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental
health and implications for clinical practice. European Psychiatry, 63(1), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2020.35
Folkman, S. (2013). Stress: Appraisal and coping. In M. D. Gellman & J. R. Turner
(Eds.), Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine (pp. 1913-1915). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_215
Folkman, S., & Moskowitz, J. T. (2004). Coping: Pitfalls and promise. Annual Review of
Psychology, 55(1), 745-774. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.141456
Ford, B. Q., & Troy, A. S. (2019). Reappraisal reconsidered: A closer look at the costs of an
acclaimed emotion-regulation strategy. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 28(2), 195-203.
Galea, S., Merchant, R. M., & Lurie, N. (2020). The mental health consequences of COVID-19
and physical distancing: The need for prevention and early intervention. JAMA Internal Medicine, 180(6), 817-818. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.1562
Généreux, M., Schluter, P. J., Hung, E., Wong, C. S., Mushquash, C. J., Landsman, V., & Caron,
J. (2021). The evolution in anxiety and depression with the progression of the pandemic in adult populations from eight countries and four continents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(9), 4845. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094845
Gross, J. J. (2015). Emotion regulation: Current status and future prospects. Psychological Inquiry,
26(1), 1-26. https://doi.org/10.1080/1047840X.2014.940781
Gross, J. J., & John, O. P. (2003). Individual differences in two emotion regulation processes:
Implications for affect, relationships, and well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(2), 348-362. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.85.2.348
Heggeness, L. F., Bean, C. A., Kalmbach, D. A., & Ciesla, J. A. (2020). Cognitive risk, coping‐
oriented substance use, and increased avoidance tendencies among depressed outpatients: A prospective investigation. Journal of clinical psychology, 76(12), 2249-2263.
Holahan, C. J., Moos, R. H., Holahan, C. K., Brennan, P. L., & Schutte, K. K. (2005). Stress
generation, avoidance coping, and depressive symptoms: A 10-year model. Journal of
Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73(4), 658-666. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.73.4.658
Holmes, E. A., O'Connor, R. C., Perry, V. H., Tracey, I., Wessely, S., Arseneault, L., ... & Bullmore, E. (2020). Multidisciplinary research priorities for the COVID-19 pandemic: a call for
action for mental health science. The lancet psychiatry, 7(6), 547-560.
Hu, W., & Sun, M. (2023). Covid-19 stressors and aggression among Chinese college students:
the mediation role of coping strategies. International journal of environmental research and public health, 20(4), 3171.
Judah, M. R., Milam, A. L., Hager, N. M., Webb, T. N., Hamrick, H. C., & Meca, A. (2022).
Cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression moderate the association between social anxiety and depression. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 44(4), 984-991.
Kalokerinos, E. K., Greenaway, K. H., & Denson, T. F. (2017). Reappraisal but not suppression
downregulates the experience of positive and negative emotion. Emotion, 17(3), 411-415. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0000239
Kobylińska, D., & Kusev, P. (2019). Flexible emotion regulation: How situational demands and
individual differences influence the effectiveness of regulatory strategies. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 72.
Korhonen, M., Luoma, I., Salmelin, R., Siirtola, A., & Puura, K. (2018). The trajectories of
internalizing and externalizing problems from early childhood to adolescence and young adult outcome.
Kring, A. M., & Sloan, D. M. (2010). Emotion regulation and psychopathology: A transdiagnostic
approach to etiology and treatment. The Guilford Press.
Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. Springer Publishing.
Leandro, P. G., & Castillo, M. D. (2010). Coping with stress and its relationship with personality
dimensions, anxiety, and depression. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 5, 1562-1573.
Lee, E. H. (2012). Review of the psychometric evidence of the Perceived Stress Scale. Asian
Nursing Research, 6(4), 121-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2012.08.004
Leslie-Miller, Calissa J., Veronica T. Cole, and Christian E. Waugh. "Positive distraction in daily
activities as a predictor of good coping: A “day in the life” during the COVID-19 pandemic." Frontiers in Psychology 14 (2023): 1142665.
Li, N., Fan, L., Wang, Y., Wang, J., & Huang, Y. (2022). Risk factors of psychological distress
during the COVID-19 pandemic: The roles of coping style and emotional regulation. Journal of affective disorders, 299, 326-334.
Little, R. J., & Rubin, D. B. (2019). Statistical analysis with missing data (Vol. 793). John Wiley
& Sons.
Lu, X., & Lin, Z. (2021). COVID-19, economic impact, mental health, and coping behaviors: a
conceptual framework and future research directions. Frontiers in psychology, 12, 759974.
Marroquín, B., Vine, V., & Morgan, R. (2020). Mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic:
Effects of stay-at-home policies, social distancing behavior, and social resources. PsychiatryResearch,293, 113419.
Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (2017). Mplus user’s guide (8th ed.). Muthén & Muthén.
O'Hayer, C. Virginia. "Building a life worth living during a pandemic and beyond: adaptations of
comprehensive DBT to COVID-19." Cognitive and Behavioral Practice 28, no. 4 (2021): 588-596.
Pan, K. Y., Kok, A. A. L., Eikelenboom, M., Horsfall, M., Jörg, F., Luteijn, R. A., ... & Penninx,
B. W. (2021). The mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with and without depressive, anxiety, or obsessive-compulsive disorders: A longitudinal study of three Dutch case-control cohorts. The Lancet Psychiatry, 8(2), 121-129.
Park, C. L., Russell, B. S., Fendrich, M., Finkelstein-Fox, L., Hutchison, M., & Becker, J. (2020).
Americans’ COVID-19 stress, coping, and adherence to CDC guidelines. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 35(8), 2296-2303.
Parent-Lamarche, A., & Boulet, M. (2021). Employee well-being in the COVID-19 pandemic:
The moderating role of teleworking during the first lockdown in the province of Quebec, Canada. Work, 70(3), 763-775.
Parrott, D. J., Halmos, M. B., & Stappenbeck, C. A. (2022). COVID-19 stress and intimate partner
aggression: The moderating role of heavy drinking. Journal of Family Psychology, 36(2), 227-239.
Pearman, A., Hughes, M. L., Smith, E. L., & Neupert, S. D. (2020). Age differences in risk and
resilience factors in COVID-19-related stress. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 76(2), e38-e44. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbaa120
Pierce, M., Hope, H., Ford, T., Hatch, S., Hotopf, M., John, A., ... & Abel, K. M. (2020). Mental
health before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal probability sample survey of the UK population. The Lancet Psychiatry, 7(10), 883-892. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30308-4
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases
in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879-903. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879
Roth, S., & Cohen, L. J. (1986). Approach, avoidance, and coping with stress. American
Psychologist, 41(7), 813-819. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.41.7.813
Schmitz, N., Hartkamp, N., & Franke, G. H. (2000). Assessing clinically significant change:
Application to the SCL-90-R. Psychological Reports, 86(1), 263-274. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2000.86.1.263
Shabat, Maya, Roni Shafir, and Gal Sheppes. "Flexible emotion regulatory selection when coping
with COVID-19-related threats during quarantine." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (2021): 21468.
Shakthivel, N., Amarnath, V. M., Ahamed, F., Rath, R. S., Sethuraman, A. R., & Suliankatchi, R.
A. (2017). Level of Perceived Stress and Coping Strategies Prevailing Among 1st year Medical Undergraduate Students: A Cross-sectional Study from South Indi. International Journal of Medicine and Public Health, 7(2).
Shafiei, Z., Ghamari, M., & Shamir, A. S. (2024). Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment
Therapy on Psychological Flexibility, Emotional Self-Regulation, and Stress Coping Styles in Mothers of Children with Specific Learning Disorders. Journal of Assessment and Research in Applied Counseling (JARAC), 6(2), 11-18.
Sheppes, G., Suri, G., & Gross, J. J. (2014). Emotion regulation and psychopathology. Annual
Review of Clinical Psychology, 11(1), 379-405.
Shevlin, M., McBride, O., Murphy, J., Miller, J. G., Hartman, T. K., Levita, L., ... & Bentall, R. P.
(2020). Anxiety, depression, traumatic stress, and COVID-19-related anxiety in the UK general population during the COVID-19 pandemic. BJPsych Open, 6(6), e125.
Siwik, C., Hicks, A., Phillips, K., Rebholz, W. N., Zimmaro, L. A., Weissbecker, I., ... & Sephton,
S. E. (2020). Impact of coping strategies on perceived stress, depression, and cortisol profiles among gynecologic cancer patients. Journal of health psychology, 25(7), 993-1003.
Skinner, E. A., Edge, K., Altman, J., & Sherwood, H. (2003). Searching for the structure of coping:
A review and critique of category systems for classifying ways of coping. Psychological Bulletin, 129(2), 216-269. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.129.2.216
Spaapen, D. L., Waters, F., Brummer, L., Stopa, L., & Bucks, R. S. (2014). The emotion regulation
questionnaire: validation of the ERQ-9 in two community samples. Psychological assessment, 26(1), 46.
Stratta, P., Capanna, C., Dell’Osso, L., Carmassi, C., Patriarca, S., Di Emidio, G., ... & Rossi, A.
(2015). Resilience and coping in trauma spectrum symptoms prediction: A structural equation modeling approach. Personality and Individual Differences, 77, 55-61.
Stuntz, E. C., & Linehan, M. M. (2020). Coping with Cancer: DBT Skills to Manage Your
Emotions--And Balance Uncertainty with Hope. Guilford Publications.
Taylor, J. M. (2015). Psychometric analysis of the Ten-Item Perceived Stress Scale. Psychological
Assessment, 27(1), 90-101. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038100
Troy, A. S., Shallcross, A. J., & Mauss, I. B. (2013). A person-by-situation approach to emotion
regulation: Cognitive reappraisal can either help or hurt, depending on the context. Psychological Science, 24(12), 2505-2514. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797613496434
Urbán, R., Szigeti, R., Kökönyei, G., & Demetrovics, Z. (2014). Global severity index of the
Symptom Checklist-90-R: A reliable measure of psychological distress. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 37(4), 883-892. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-013-9531-5
Ursin, G., Eriksen, H. R., & Oltedal, S. (2019). The SCL-90-R: Factor structure and psychometric
properties in a Norwegian outpatient population. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 73(3), 191-199. https://doi.org/10.1080/08039488.2019.1571422
Van der Velden, P. G., Contino, C., Das, M., van Loon, P., & Bosmans, M. W. (2020). Anxiety
and depression symptoms, and lack of emotional support among the general population before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. A prospective national study on prevalence and risk factors. Journal of Affective Disorders, 277, 540-548.

Vindegaard, N., & Benros, M. E. (2020). COVID-19 pandemic and mental health consequences:
Systematic review of the current evidence. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 89, 531-542. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.048
Vizheh, M., Qorbani, M., Arzaghi, S. M., Muhidin, S., Javanmard, Z., & Esmaeili, M. (2020). The
mental health of healthcare workers in the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review. Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders, 19, 1967-1978.
Völlink, T., Bolman, C. A., Eppingbroek, A., & Dehue, F. (2013). Emotion‐focused coping
worsens depressive feelings and health complaints in cyberbullied children. Journal of Criminology, 2013(1), 416976.
Wang, Y., Di, Y., Ye, J., & Wei, W. (2022). Study on the public psychological states and its related
factors during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in some regions of China. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 27(1), 87-92. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2020.1746817
Webb, T. L., Miles, E., & Sheeran, P. (2012). Dealing with feeling: A meta-analysis of the
effectiveness of strategies derived from the process model of emotion regulation. Psychological Bulletin, 138(4), 775-808. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0027600
Woltin, K. A., Sassenberg, K., & Albayrak, N. (2018). Regulatory focus, coping strategies and
symptoms of anxiety and depression: A comparison between Syrian refugees in Turkey and Germany. PLoS One, 13(10), e0206522.
Xiong, J., Lipsitz, O., Nasri, F., Lui, L. M., Gill, H., Phan, L., ... & McIntyre, R. S. (2020). Impact
of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health in the general population: A systematic review. Journal of affective disorders, 277, 55-64.
Ye, B., Chen, X., Zhang, Y., & Yang, Q. (2022). Psychological flexibility and COVID-19 burnout
in Chinese college students: a moderated mediation model. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 24, 126-133.
Li, Y., Peng, J., & Tao, Y. (2023). Relationship between social support, coping strategy against
COVID-19, and anxiety among home-quarantined Chinese university students: A path analysis modeling approach. Current Psychology, 42(13), 10629-10644.

Waugh, C. E., Shing, E. Z., & Furr, R. M. (2020). Not all disengagement coping strategies are
created equal: positive distraction, but not avoidance, can be an adaptive coping strategy for chronic life stressors. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping, 33(5), 511-529.

Willett, J. B., & Singer, J. D. (2003). Applied longitudinal data analysis: Modeling change and
event occurrence. New York, NY, USA:: Oxford University Press.

Zandifar, A., Badrfam, R., Yazdani, S., Arzaghi, S. M., Rahimi, F., Ghasemi, S., ... & Qorbani, M.
(2020). Prevalence and severity of depression, anxiety, stress and perceived stress in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders, 19, 1431-1438.
Zarowsky, Z., & Rashid, T. (2023). Resilience and wellbeing strategies for pandemic fatigue in
times of Covid-19. International Journal of Applied Positive Psychology, 8(1), 1-36.