Abstract

In two essays, this dissertation aims to explain the complex impact of self-quantification on consumer well-being related to body image. It also proposes interventions to mitigate its negative influence while preserving its benefits.

Given that the impact of self-quantification on self-objectification remains empirically understudied, the first essay addresses this gap by identifying conditions that amplify this relationship. Drawing on self-determination and internalization theories (Deci & Ryan, 1985, 2002; Grolnick, Deci, & Ryan, 1997), two cross-sectional studies reveal that self-quantification is positively associated with self-objectification, particularly among individuals with low levels of controlled motivation (i.e., motivation driven by external or internal pressure). Moreover, appearance-ideal internalization mediates this relationship, suggesting that self-quantification may trigger the internalization of societal beauty standards, which in turn fosters self-objectification. These findings provide insights into the psychological consequences of self-quantification and offer practical implications for technology developers aiming to balance its benefits and risks for consumer well-being.

Building on the mixed findings in the literature, the second essay investigates the dual effects of self-quantification on body-image related well-being through the lens of objective self-awareness theory (Duval & Wicklund, 1972; Silvia & Duval, 2001). It also evaluates the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions in reducing its adverse effects. A cross-sectional study shows that data interpretation tendency moderates the relationship between self-quantification and worsening body image, such that individuals with high self-criticism or low self-knowledge are more likely to experience greater body shame and appearance anxiety. Furthermore, two longitudinal experiments demonstrate that the proposed intervention (i.e., focus on emotions following exercise or dietary self-quantification) reduces negative outcomes (e.g., contingent self-worth, body shame, and appearance anxiety) while enhancing positive outcomes, including body appreciation and self-compassion. These findings contribute to the growing discourse on self-quantification by offering theoretical insights into its complex psychological effects and by proposing practical strategies to promote greater consumer well-being.

Overall, this dissertation advances understanding of the complex impact of self-quantification on consumer well-being associated with body image and provides actionable strategies for consumers and developers of self-quantification technologies to promote health and well-being.