Abstract

Wireless device-to-device (D2D) communications over 5G, and Beyond 5G (B5G) open new possibilities for Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). New multiple-access schemes support reliable safety applications, including proximity, turn alerts, and crash prevention. These emerging technologies promise to transform transportation safety and efficiency.
In this thesis, the design and implementation of a control system based on a new VRU-centered approach is proposed to serve adaptive ITS safety applications to consider and increase Vulnerable Road User (VRU) awareness from motor vehicles, without jeopardizing the network performance.
For this purpose, the VRU Awareness Probability (VAP) is defined and modeled over 5G New Radio (NR) to quantify the extent to which motor vehicles are aware of VRU. Subsequently, an analytical relationship is established between VAP and the key performance indicators of the ad-hoc communication network, which is based on results obtained from a simulation of an urban intersection scenario where users are connected through 5G NR technology using mode 2 for D2D communication. Later, the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) clustering algorithm was implemented over simulations on VRU, and the impact of this scheme on the network key performance indicators (specifically, the Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR)) and on the VAP was demonstrated, with an average increase of 50% and 65%, respectively.