Catarina, Borges
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8094-157X
(2026)
The role of the posterior paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus in acute food deprivation-induced heroin seeking after punishment-imposed abstinence.
PhD thesis, Concordia University.
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Abstract
This dissertation introduces and validates a novel stress-induced relapse model: acute food deprivation–induced heroin seeking following punishment-imposed abstinence. Behaviourally, acute food deprivation robustly reinstated heroin seeking in male and female rats, even after prolonged abstinence, while cue- or food-deprivation-induced craving showed no incubation, consistent with voluntary abstinence models. To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine stress-induced heroin relapse after punishment-imposed abstinence and to investigate incubation of stress-induced cravings under these conditions.
Neurobiological investigations identify the posterior paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (pPVT) as a critical mediator of food-deprivation stress–induced relapse. Chemogenetic inhibition of the pPVT significantly increased heroin seeking under food deprivation, and unexpectedly, activation produced a similar effect, suggesting a complex modulatory role rather than a simple “on-off” mechanism. Previous studies suggest that 24 hours of food deprivation inhibits pPVT activity through hypothalamic GABAergic inputs (AgRP, LHA, zona incerta), which may disinhibit heroin-seeking behaviour through downstream circuits involving NAcShell PV interneurons and D2/D1 medium spiny neurons (MSNs). We propose that pPVT inhibition reduces activity in PV and D2 MSNs, thereby disinhibiting D1 MSNs and promoting heroin seeking under motivational conflict.
Additional regions, including the infralimbic cortex, BNST, and BLA, may contribute independently, reflecting the interplay between stress, reward, and conflict processing. These findings position the pPVT within a thalamo-striatal network integrating stress and motivational signals, highlighting caloric stress as a clinically relevant relapse trigger and underscoring the need for cell-specific investigations to inform targeted interventions.
| Divisions: | Concordia University > Faculty of Arts and Science > Psychology |
|---|---|
| Item Type: | Thesis (PhD) |
| Authors: | Catarina, Borges |
| Institution: | Concordia University |
| Degree Name: | Ph. D. |
| Program: | Psychology |
| Date: | 16 January 2026 |
| Thesis Supervisor(s): | Shalev, Uri |
| Keywords: | Punishment-imposed abstinence, Voluntary abstinence, Stress, Relapse, Acute food deprivation, Heroin, Posterior Paraventricular Nucleus of the Thalamus |
| ID Code: | 996785 |
| Deposited By: | Catarina Borges |
| Deposited On: | 29 Jun 2026 18:03 |
| Last Modified: | 29 Jun 2026 18:03 |
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