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Removal of nutrients and suspended solids from a eutrophic lake

Title:

Removal of nutrients and suspended solids from a eutrophic lake

Sarma, Shrabani (2016) Removal of nutrients and suspended solids from a eutrophic lake. Masters thesis, Concordia University.

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Abstract

Eutrophication, the rapid growth of blue green algae in surface water, has become an environmental issue worldwide. In Canada, it has been also identified as one of the leading risks to surface water quality especially lake water quality. Lake Caron, an artificial lake, located in the municipality of Saint-Anne Des Lacs, Quebec, has been suffering from eutrophication due to high concentrations of nutrients and chlorophyll α since 2008. The objectives of the study are to evaluate the water quality parameters of a eutrophic lake, to treat eutrophic lake water samples by filtration using non-woven geotextiles and hence evaluate the effectiveness of non-woven geotextiles as a filter media, and assess the relationship among various water quality parameters. To achieve these objectives, water samples from the lake were analysed for two consecutive years. Further, a small scale field experiment was conducted beside the lake by using non-woven geotextiles as filter media. Custom made geotextiles of distinct apparent opening sizes and materials (TE-GTX300 – 110 µm, TE-GTN300 – 90 µm, TE-GTN350 – 90 µm and TE-GTN340 - 75 µm) were used in different combinations to find the best combination providing maximum efficiency in removing nutrients and suspended solids to achieve acceptable level within shorter period of time. Several combinations of geotextile filters were tried for different initial turbidity range of lake water. For an initial turbidity ranging from 4 to 9 NTU, filtration with the combination of 2 layers of 110 μm (TE-GTX300) followed by 3 layers of 90 μm (TE-GTN350) showed the best result at 7th day of filtration, whereas filtration with a filter media consisting of 2 layers of 110 μm (TE-GTX300) and 3 layers of 75 μm (TE-GTN340) geotextiles had been found to restore the water quality at the 3rd day of filtration for an initial turbidity ranging from 9 to 14 NTU. The combination of 1 layer of 110 μm (TE-GTX300) with 4 layers of 90 μm (TE-GTN300) showed the best result at 2nd day during filtration for an initial turbidity higher than 14 NTU. For the first two category (4 to 9 NTU and 9 to 14 NTU) the removal efficiencies were 66, 100 and 96% for removing total P (TP), TSS and turbidity, respectively. For the remaining categories (14 to 19 NTU and higher than 19 NTU), the removal efficiencies were more than 90% for TP and turbidity and more than 96% efficiency had been found in case of TSS removal. TSS removal correlates with the reduction of turbidity, TP and COD concentration. Initial flow rates through the filter decrease with increasing number of filter layers and decreasing pore size of the filter media. A higher TSS decreases the flow rate through the filter and increases clogging. Geotextiles as a filter media have shown potential for improvement of surface water quality in terms of nutrients, turbidity and TSS removal.

Divisions:Concordia University > Gina Cody School of Engineering and Computer Science > Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering
Item Type:Thesis (Masters)
Authors:Sarma, Shrabani
Institution:Concordia University
Degree Name:M.A. Sc.
Program:Civil Engineering
Date:18 February 2016
Thesis Supervisor(s):Mulligan, Catherine
Keywords:Eutrophication, geotextiles, filtration
ID Code:980890
Deposited By: SHRABANI SARMA
Deposited On:15 Jun 2016 14:29
Last Modified:18 Jan 2018 17:52

References:

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