Akbar, Muhammad Ali (2019) Shunt Connected Power Conditioner with Energy Storage for a Hydrogen Fuel Cell System Supplying a DC Nanogrid. Masters thesis, Concordia University.
Preview |
Text (application/pdf)
6MBAkbar_MASc_S2020.pdf - Accepted Version Available under License Spectrum Terms of Access. |
Abstract
DC power distribution systems (especially DC nanogrids) are becoming a great area of interest for researchers that can lead to better integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) and supplying local loads in a more efficient way compared to AC systems. As a power source for DC power distribution systems, the use of renewable energy source is increasing every day. When considering renewable energy sources, one can think of the most popular ones like photovoltaics (PV) and wind energy, but another environment-friendly power source that is gaining popularity is the hydrogen fuel cell (FC). DC nanogrids for Net-Zero Energy Homes (NZEHs) are expected to include a number of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs). FCs are an interesting choice as supplemental/dispatchable power sources because they can operate as co-generators supplying electricity and heat for NZEHs. The output voltage of the FC changes with the electric power demanded by the load (if the hydrogen injection in the FC is kept constant). Besides, if there is an instant change in the load current demand, it can also damage the FC. Therefore, to protect the FC and supply the load with a regulated voltage, a DC-DC converter is often employed as an interface for the FC. In such a case, load demand variations will lead to variations in the output power of the FC, which is at the maximum power point, when it is supplying a given amount of power at a given current.
This thesis discusses the realization of a control scheme that enables a FC system to operate at the maximum power point by using an Energy Storage System (ESS) based on a super capacitor (SC) and another power electronics interface as a supporting unit. The output of the ESS is connected in shunt with the output of the FC system to the DC (load) bus. The ESS is current controlled to force the FC system to supply a constant current. In this way, the FC will supply an ideal, maximum power point, current even as the power demand by the electric load varies. Besides, the ESS can also provide the load with more power than the rated value of the FC system. Moreover, an additional control scheme is also implemented in the ESS to keep the voltage at the SC within safe and useful values.
Finally, the proposed scheme is verified with hardware experiments. Experimental results with power electronics interfaces showing the voltage regulation in the DC (load) bus, FC current control and the regulation of SC voltage are presented. It is demonstrated that the FC can be operated at its maximum power point, using a SC-based ESS with injected current and SC voltage control loops.
| Divisions: | Concordia University > Gina Cody School of Engineering and Computer Science > Electrical and Computer Engineering |
|---|---|
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
| Authors: | Akbar, Muhammad Ali |
| Institution: | Concordia University |
| Degree Name: | M.A. Sc. |
| Program: | Electrical and Computer Engineering |
| Date: | October 2019 |
| Thesis Supervisor(s): | Lopes, Luiz A. C. |
| Keywords: | Hydrogen Fuel Cell as a power source, Maximum power point operation of Hydrogen Fuel Cell, Super Capacitor storage unit, Current and voltage control schemes for Super Capacitor Storage unit. |
| ID Code: | 986083 |
| Deposited By: | Muhammad Ali Akbar |
| Deposited On: | 25 Jun 2020 19:49 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Jun 2020 19:49 |
References:
[1] S. Teleke, L. Oehlerking and M. Hong, "Nanogrids with Energy Storage for Future Electricity," in IEEE PES T&D Conference and Exposition, Chicago, 2014.[2] N.Sulaimana, M.A.Hannan, A.Mohamed, E.H.Majlana and W. Dauda, "A review on energy management system for fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle: Issues and challenges," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 52, pp. 802-814, 2015.
[3] VIESSMAN, "Vitovalor PT2," Viessmann France SAS, 01 2019. [Online]. Available: https://www.viessmann.fr. [Accessed 03 2019].
[4] Bloom Energy, "The Beginning of Bloom," Bloom Energy, 2019. [Online]. Available: https://www.bloomenergy.com. [Accessed 12 January 2019].
[5] I. C. D. D. R. B. F. W. a. F. L. D. Boroyevich, "Future electronic power distribution systems a contemplative view," in 12th International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment, Basov, 2010.
[6] T.Phatiphat, C.Viboon, S.Panarit, D.Bernard and H.Melika, "Comparative Study of Fuel-Cell Vehicle," in IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY, 2009.
[7] P.Thounthong, R. Stéphane and D.Bernard, "Control Strategy of Fuel Cell and Supercapacitors," in IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS, 2007.
[8] B. Nicu, "Tracking the maximum power point for the FC system based on extremum seeking scheme to control the air flow," Applied Energy, vol. 129, pp. 147-157, 2014.
[9] Horizon Fuel Cell Technologies, "horizon-pem-fuel-cell-h-2000-manual.pdf," 02 January 2012. [Online]. Available: https://www.fuelcellstore.com. [Accessed 03 January 2019].
[10] Maxwell Technologies, "48 Volt Modules," 03 March 2013. [Online]. Available: https://www.maxwell.com/ . [Accessed 01 January 2019].
[11] Texas Instrument, "LM5170 48V-12V Bidirectional Converter Evaluation Module," 5 December 2016. [Online]. Available: http://www.ti.com/tool/LM5170EVM-BIDIR#technicaldocuments. [Accessed 12 January 2019].
[12] Texas Instrument, "Basic Calculation of a Boost Converter's Power Stage," 01 January 2014. [Online]. Available: http://www.ti.com/lit/an/slva372c/slva372c.pdf. [Accessed 01 March 2019].
[13] N.MOHAN, M.UNDELAND.TORE and P. WILLIAM, Power Electronicsd (Second Edition), New York: JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC, 1995.
[14] Mouser Electronics, "IHV-15-500 Vishay Fixed Inductors," 16 June 2019. [Online]. Available: https://www.mouser.ca/ProductDetail/Vishay-Dale/IHV15BZ500?qs=sGAEpiMZZMsg%252By3WlYCkU44um67QoAUnO0meFmUig4A%3D. [Accessed 02 March 2019].
[15] STMicroelectronics, "STH185N10F3-2," 02 January 2016. [Online]. Available: https://www.st.com/content/st_com/en/products/power-transistors/power-mosfets/stpower-n-channel-mosfets-gt-30-v-to-350-v/sth185n10f3-2.html. [Accessed 23 February 2019].
[16] Avago Technologies, "HCNW3120," 21 March 2016. [Online]. Available: https://www.broadcom.com/products/optocouplers/industrial-plastic/isolated-gate-drive-optocouplers/gate-drives/hcnw3120. [Accessed 03 January 2019].
[17] F. C. F. G. C. E. S. M. Cacciato, "A Critical Evaluation and Design of Bi-directional DC/DC Converters for Super-Capacitors Interfacing in Fuel Cell Applications," in IEEE, Rome, 2004.
Repository Staff Only: item control page
Download Statistics
Download Statistics