Lawrence, Jaguar (2024) Tribological Evaluation of Polymer Matrix Composites for Green Alternative Replacement in Alpine Sports: Scaling up between Laboratory and Field Testing. Masters thesis, Concordia University.
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Abstract
For ecological considerations, the International Ski Federation (FIS) has imposed a
prohibition on the use of fluorinated waxes in ski and snowboard race preparation. Current
substitutes exhibit inferior friction-reducing properties. This assessment aims to corroborate
frictional performance in both laboratory-based evaluations and field trials. The evaluation
employs a categorical approach, introducing incremental considerations for cost, lead time, and
representativeness of actual competition conditions.
Traditional base material in snowboards, Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene
(UHMWPE), serves as the baseline. Insights from aerospace investigations indicate that polymer
composite structures with fibers aligned in the normal direction (NOFRC) exhibit performance in
environments involving ice adhesion suggesting potential suitability for the cold and wet
conditions characteristic of ski and snowboard competitions. Laboratory examinations include
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), tribometer
tests utilizing a ball-on-disk linear tribometer (Anton-Paar TRB3 tribometer), contact angles, and
time trials on High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) synthetic ice.
Field testing incorporates the use of inertial measurement units (IMUs) alongside 50-meter
time trials conducted by athletes. Comparative analysis is conducted utilizing metrics such as
surface energy, material composition, surface roughness values, coefficients of friction, and trial
time. The findings reveal that, under conditions of dry friction and elevated temperatures, NOFRC
demonstrates favorable tribological effects. However, UHMWPE emerges as the superior�performing material across all low temperatures and moisture instances. The consistency of
categorical evaluations throughout the testing environments provides a valuable framework for
appraising potential material alternatives for snowboard bases.
| Divisions: | Concordia University > Gina Cody School of Engineering and Computer Science > Chemical and Materials Engineering Concordia University > Gina Cody School of Engineering and Computer Science > Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Engineering |
|---|---|
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
| Authors: | Lawrence, Jaguar |
| Institution: | Concordia University |
| Degree Name: | M.A. Sc. |
| Program: | Mechanical Engineering |
| Date: | 7 March 2024 |
| Thesis Supervisor(s): | Stoyanov, Pantcho |
| Keywords: | Snowboarding, Sports, Friction, Tribology, Snow, Green, Environmental, Laboratory, Field Test |
| ID Code: | 993611 |
| Deposited By: | Jaguar Joseph Lawrence |
| Deposited On: | 05 Jun 2024 16:31 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Jun 2024 16:31 |
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