Gou, Jianzhao (2024) A Performance Enhanced 1-bit Bandpass Sturdy-MASH Delta-Sigma Modulator for Radio-over-Fiber Fronthaul Transmission Systems. Masters thesis, Concordia University.
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Abstract
Currently, in fronthaul transmission systems of radio access network (RAN), the digitized common public radio interface (CPRI) are being widely used. However, with the development of 5G technology, there are higher demands on signal bandwidth, transmission rate, energy consumption, and other aspects in the fronthaul system. Due to its limited spectrum utilization, high complexity, and large power consumption of the remote radio head (RRH), the digitized CPRI is difficult to satisfy the new requirements of 5G for fronthaul. As an efficient and concise modulation scheme, delta sigma modulator (DSM) can replace multi-bit analog to digital converters (ADCs) with the passive filters at the receiver side of the fronthaul, significantly reducing the complexity of RRHs while meeting the requirements for transmission rate and efficiency. Therefore, DSM has received widespread attention in recent years, and there have been significant developments in new technologies and various structures related to DSM.
In this thesis, an in-depth analysis and comparison of several different structures of 1-bit DSMs are conducted, and an enhanced 1-bit sturdy multi-stage noise-shaping (SMASH) structure for digital fronthaul systems is proposed. The proposed SMASH DSM is based on the traditional SMASH structure, with some structural changes and simplifications made to enhance the modulator's noise shaping capability. In the thesis, a 100-MHz bandwidth 64 quadrature amplitude modulation (64-QAM) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal is used as a digital baseband signal and then modulated onto RF carriers with a center frequency of 2.5 GHz. Finally, the bandpass 1-bit DSM modulation is performed. The process is simulated and experimentally verified.
The detailed comparison among the traditional single-stage delta-sigma modulator (SDSM), the traditional MASH and SMASH, and the proposed SMASH is presented in the fronthaul transmission system. The OFDM signal at radio frequency (RF) is quantized to two bits by SDSM/MASH/SMASH ADC, and this digitized signal is transmitted over 20-km single mode fiber (SMF) in a 2-level amplitude non-return-to-zero (NRZ) or 4-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) intensity modulation direct detection (IM-DD) system.
Firstly, it is found that the proposed SMASH DSM has the widest input dynamic range (DR), which means it has better stability, followed by traditional SMASH and MASH, while SDSM performs the worst in terms of input DR.
Then, in the case of fiber transmission systems, the proposed SMASH has better noise suppression performance than the traditional MASH and SMASH schemes. In the directly received system, also known as the electric back-to-back (EBTB) system, the error vector magnitude (EVM) of the proposed SMASH, traditional MASH, and SMASH are -32.56 dB, -29.03 dB, and -29.31 dB, respectively. The proposed one has an around 3.2 dB EVM improvement. And in the IM-DD fiber transmission over 20-km SMF, the EVM are -24.71 dB, -23.93 dB, and -22.36 dB, respectively. The proposed scheme also has an around 2.4 dB EVM improvement compared to the traditional SMASH.
Finally, the comparison result of the two SMASH DSMs is verified in the experiment. In the case of EBTB and optical back-to-back (OBTB) systems, the proposed SMASH has an over 3 dB EVM improvement compared with the traditional SMASH. And in the case of the fiber link, the EVM for proposed SMASH is increased by 2.76 dB and 2.94 dB compared to the traditional one over the 8 km and 20 km fiber, respectively.
| Divisions: | Concordia University > Gina Cody School of Engineering and Computer Science > Electrical and Computer Engineering |
|---|---|
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
| Authors: | Gou, Jianzhao |
| Institution: | Concordia University |
| Degree Name: | M.A. Sc. |
| Program: | Electrical and Computer Engineering |
| Date: | 10 October 2024 |
| Thesis Supervisor(s): | Zhang, John Xiupu |
| Keywords: | Fronthual, 1-bit Delta Sigma Modulation, Radio over Fiber System |
| ID Code: | 994762 |
| Deposited By: | Jianzhao Gou |
| Deposited On: | 17 Jun 2025 17:14 |
| Last Modified: | 17 Jun 2025 17:14 |
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